Mysql5.7.33安装

Mysql5.7

安装部署文档

（V1.0）

 

 

1.用户创建

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

2.创建目录

创建软件及data目录

mkdir -p /u01

chown mysql:mysql /u01

（可与根目录一起）

mkdir -p /data/mysql3306

chown -R mysql:mysql /data

（单独划盘）

3.上传软件

建议使用5.7.33最高版本

如果业务中需要使用分析函数及大表关联查询[hash join]等可以使用mysql8最高版本

上传二进制安装包：

tar zxvf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql/

chown mysq:mysql mysql/

1. 操作系统限制

   cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF

   #use for mysql

   mysql soft nproc 65536

   mysql hard nproc 65536

   mysql soft nofile 65536

   mysql hard nofile 65536

   EOF

   5.配置Mysql用户环境变量

   su - mysql

   vi .bash_profile

   export PATH

   export MYSQL_HOME=/u01/mysql

   export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

2. 配置mysql参数文件

   vi /etc/my.cnf

   [client]

   port    = 3306

   socket    = /data/mysql3306/mysql.sock

   [mysqld]

   user    = mysql

   port    = 3306

   basedir    = /u01/mysql

   datadir    = /data/mysql3306

   socket    = /data/mysql3306/mysql.sock

   pid-file = .pid

   character-set-server = utf8mb4

   skip_name_resolve = 1

   default_time_zone = "+8:00"

   server-id = 3306

   lower_case_table_names=1

   open_files_limit = 6553

   back_log = 1024

   max_connections = 800

   max_connect_errors = 1000000

   table_open_cache = 1024

   table_definition_cache = 1024

   table_open_cache_instances = 64

   thread_stack = 512K

   external-locking = FALSE

   max_allowed_packet = 32M

   sort_buffer_size = 16M

   join_buffer_size = 16M

   thread_cache_size = 768

   interactive_timeout = 1800

   wait_timeout = 1800

   tmp_table_size = 96M

   max_heap_table_size = 96M

   key_buffer_size = 32M

   read_buffer_size = 8M

   read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

   bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

   myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

   myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

   myisam_repair_threads = 1

   lock_wait_timeout = 300

   explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1

   ##日志##

   slow_query_log = 1

   log_timestamps = SYSTEM

   slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql3306/slow.log

   log-error = /data/mysql3306/error.log

   long_query_time = 5

   log_queries_not_using_indexes =0

   log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60

   min_examined_row_limit = 100

   log_slow_admin_statements = 1

   log_slow_slave_statements = 1

   ##binlog设置##

   log-bin = /data/mysql3306/mysql-bin

   sync_binlog = 1

   binlog_cache_size = 4M

   max_binlog_cache_size = 2G

   max_binlog_size = 1G

   binlog_format = row

   binlog_checksum = 1

   binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1

   expire_logs_days = 5

   ##开启GTID##

   gtid_mode = on

   enforce_gtid_consistency = 1

   ##slave相关设置##

   master_info_repository = TABLE

   relay_log_info_repository = TABLE

   log_slave_updates

   slave-rows-search-algorithms = 'INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN'

   relay_log_recovery = 1

   relay-log-purge = 1

   ##innodb相关配置##

   innodb_thread_concurrency = 0

   transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

   ##按需分配操作系统内存得60%##

   innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G

   innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4

   innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1

   innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1

   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend

   innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

   innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M

   innodb_log_file_size = 2G

   innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

   innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G

   innodb_undo_tablespaces = 5

   innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1

   innodb_undo_logs = 128

   ##普通磁盘##

   innodb_io_capacity = 4000

   innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000

   innodb_flush_sync = 0

   innodb_flush_neighbors = 0

   innodb_write_io_threads = 8

   innodb_read_io_threads = 8

   innodb_purge_threads = 4

   innodb_page_cleaners = 4

   innodb_open_files = 65535

   innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 75

   innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

   innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000

   innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32

   innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10

   innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1

   innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1

   innodb_file_per_table = 1

   innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G

   innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0

   internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB

   innodb_checksums = 1

   ##关闭查询缓存##

   query_cache_size = 0

   query_cache_type = 0

   innodb_status_file = 1

   innodb_status_output = 0

   innodb_status_output_locks = 0

   innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864

   innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 1

   performance_schema = 1

   [mysqldump]

   quick

   max_allowed_packet = 32M

3. 初始化数据库

   ##initialize-insecure参数作用：初始化数据库root密码为空

   cd /u01/mysql/bin

   mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql

   启动数据库：

   /etc/init.d/mysqld start

   

   OR

   mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf&

   复制数据库启动脚本

   cp /u01/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

   编辑启动脚本：

   sed -i '46s/basedir=/basedir=/u01/mysql/' /etc/init.d/mysqld

   sed -i '47s/datadir=/datadir=/data/mysql3306/' /etc/init.d/mysqld

   

   添加开机启动项：

   chkconfig --add mysqld

   chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on

4. xtrabackup备份数据库

   上传二进制安装包

   

   tar zxvf percona-xtrabackup-2.4.8-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz

   mv percona-xtrabackup-2.4.8-Linux-x86_64/ percona-xtrabackup/

   配置环境变量：

   vi .bash_profile

   export PATH

   export MYSQL_HOME=/u01/mysql

   export XTRABACKUP_HOME=/u01/percona-xtrabackup

   export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$XTRABACKUP_HOME/bin:$PATH

   创建备份脚本：

   touch /home/mysql/script/backup.sh

   本地磁盘备份:

   #!/bin/bash

   source /home/mysql/.bash_profile

   day=$(date +%Y%m%d)

   dir=/data/backup

   find $dir -mtime +2 |xargs rm -rf

   mkdir -p $dir/$day

   xtrabackup --user=root --password=monitor  --backup --parallel=4   --compress --compress-threads=4 --target-dir=$dir/$day

   远程备份:

   #!/bin/sh

   source /root/.bash_profile

   day=$(date +%Y%m%d)

   dir=/usr/backup/xx

   ssh root@10.50.13.53 "find $dir -mtime +2 |xargs rm -rf"

   ssh root@10.50.13.53 "mkdir -p $dir/$day"

   xtrabackup --user=root --password=root151 --stream=xbstream --kill-long-query-type=select --kill-long-queries-timeout=1000 --backup --parallel=6 --compress --compress-threads=6 | ssh root@10.50.13.53 "xbstream -x -C $dir/$day"

   Cron自动执行:

   echo "30 1 * * * /bin/sh /home/mysql/script/backup.sh > /home/mysql/script/backup.log" >> /var/spool/cron/mysql