我们在浏览器中，经常涉及到数据的交换，比如你登录邮箱，登录一个页面。我们经常会在此时设置30天内记住我，或者自动登录选项。那么它们是怎么记录信息的呢，答案就是今天的主角cookie了，Cookie是由HTTP服务器设置的，保存在浏览器中，但HTTP协议是一种无状态协议，在数据交换完毕后，服务器端和客户端的链接就会关闭，每次交换数据都需要建立新的链接。就像我们去超市买东西，没有积分卡的情况下，我们买完东西之后，超市没有我们的任何消费信息，但我们办了积分卡之后，超市就有了我们的消费信息。cookie就像是积分卡，可以保存积分，商品就是我们的信息，超市的系统就像服务器后台，http协议就是交易的过程。
简单的保存cookie
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>保存Cookie</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <h1>保存Cookie</h1> <%--request response session application pageContext config out exception http://localhost:8080/day11_1/cookie1/a.jsp--%> <% Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie("aaa","AAA"); response.addCookie(cookie1); Cookie cookie2 = new Cookie("bbb","BBB"); response.addCookie(cookie2); %> </body> </html>
获取cookie
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'b.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <h1>获取Cookie</h1> <% Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); if(cookies != null){ for(Cookie c:cookies){ out.print(c.getName() + " = " + c.getValue() + "<br />"); } } %> </body> </html>
删除cookie
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'b.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <h1>删除cookie</h1> <% Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie("aaa","AAA"); cookie1.setMaxAge(0); response.addCookie(cookie1); %> </body> </html>
setMaxAge(n);设置cookie保存时间 负数或者0页面关闭存储的信息就消失。