zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • Docker(2):镜像管理

    Docker 三个非常重要的理念:

     

     三要素之间的关系:(本地和远端是逻辑上的概念 )

    镜像的结构:

    ${registry_name}/${repository_name}/${image_name}:${tag_name}
    
    # 如:
    docker.io/library/alpine:3.10.1

    登录 docker hub

    在虚拟机上登录自己的 docker hub 账户:

    ~]$ docker login docker.io
    Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
    Username: neomaxxxxxxx
    Password: 
    WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /home/ec2-user/.docker/config.json.
    Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
    https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
    
    Login Succeeded
    
    
    # 账户和密码保存在了 /home/ec2-user/.docker/config.json 文件中。而且是未加密的,只是进行了 base64 的 encode 。所以通过 base64 decode 可解码, 命令如下:
    # echo "auth中base64加密的内容"| base64 -d

    搜索镜像

    如要搜索 alpine, 命令如下:(alpine 是 linux 的一种非常小的发行版)

    ~]$ docker search alpine

    下载镜像:

    ~]$ docker pull alpine
    Using default tag: latest
    latest: Pulling from library/alpine
    29291e31a76a: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:eb3e4e175ba6d212ba1d6e04fc0782916c08e1c9d7b45892e9796141b1d379ae
    Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
    docker.io/library/alpine:latest

    下载指定tag的镜像:

     ~]$ docker pull alpine:3.10.3
    3.10.3: Pulling from library/alpine
    89d9c30c1d48: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:c19173c5ada610a5989151111163d28a67368362762534d8a8121ce95cf2bd5a
    Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:3.10.3
    docker.io/library/alpine:3.10.3

    查看本地镜像:

    ~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    alpine        latest    021b3423115f   2 weeks ago     5.6MB
    hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago    13.3kB
    alpine        3.10.3    965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB
    
     ~]$ docker image ls
    REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    alpine        latest    021b3423115f   2 weeks ago     5.6MB
    hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago    13.3kB
    alpine        3.10.3    965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB

    给镜像打标签:

    ~]$ docker tag 965ea09ff2eb docker.io/neomaple/alpine:v3.10.3
    
    // docker tage image-id registry_name/repository_name/image_name:tag_name    // repository_name 就是你在 docker hub 的注册名
    
    ~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    alpine            latest    021b3423115f   2 weeks ago     5.6MB
    hello-world       latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago    13.3kB
    alpine            3.10.3    965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB
    neomaple/alpine   v3.10.3   965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB

    推送镜像(在 login 的状态下)

     ~]$ docker push docker.io/neomaple/alpine:v3.10.3
    The push refers to repository [docker.io/neomaple/alpine]
    77cae8ab23bf: Mounted from library/alpine 
    v3.10.3: digest: sha256:e4355b66995c96b4b468159fc5c7e3540fcef961189ca13fee877798649f531a size: 528 

    也可以给本地镜像打一个新的标签 tag,命令和给镜像打标签的命令是一样的

     删除镜像

    // 原先的镜像信息
    ~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    alpine            latest    021b3423115f   2 weeks ago     5.6MB
    hello-world       latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago    13.3kB
    alpine            3.10.3    965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB
    neomaple/alpine   v3.10.3   965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB
    
     ~]$ docker rmi docker.io/neomaple/alpine:v3.10.3
    Untagged: neomaple/alpine:v3.10.3
    Untagged: neomaple/alpine@sha256:e4355b66995c96b4b468159fc5c7e3540fcef961189ca13fee877798649f531a
    
    // docker rmi 镜像tag 只是把 tag 删掉了, 其镜像并没有删除,且 docker hub 上的该镜像也没有删除
    ~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
    alpine        latest    021b3423115f   2 weeks ago     5.6MB
    hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago    13.3kB
    alpine        3.10.3    965ea09ff2eb   22 months ago   5.55MB
    
    // 想要真正删除镜像,需要用如下命令: docker rmi 镜像ID。如果该镜像在多个 repository 中被引用(或者多个标签同时指向该镜像),则删除时需要加上 -f 参数
    
    ~]$ docker rmi 965ea09ff2eb
    Untagged: alpine:3.10.3
    Untagged: alpine@sha256:c19173c5ada610a5989151111163d28a67368362762534d8a8121ce95cf2bd5a
    Deleted: sha256:965ea09ff2ebd2b9eeec88cd822ce156f6674c7e99be082c7efac3c62f3ff652
    Deleted: sha256:77cae8ab23bf486355d1b3191259705374f4a11d483b24964d2f729dd8c076a0
    ~]$ docker images
    REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
    alpine        latest    021b3423115f   2 weeks ago    5.6MB
    hello-world   latest    d1165f221234   5 months ago   13.3kB

    Docker 结构示意图:

    Docker 镜像特性:

    1、 Docker 镜像位于 bootfs 之上

    2、每一层镜像的下面一层称为其父镜像(父子关系)

    3、第一层镜像称为 Base Image

    4、容器在最顶层

    5、其下所有层都为 readonly

    6、Docker 将readonly 的FS层称作 "image"

    Code your future.
  • 相关阅读:
    如何查找YUM安装的JAVA_HOME环境变量详解
    Linux下设置和查看环境变量
    jar包部署脚本
    CentOS7开启防火墙及特定端口
    nohup 命令(设置后台进程): appending output to ‘nohup.out’ 问题
    重点|183道Java面试题可以说很详细了
    JVM性能调优
    【Notepad++】notepad++主题和字体设置(非常好看舒服的)
    spring-boot-maven-plugin 安装本地jar 包
    UserAgentUtils 获取浏览器信息
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/neozheng/p/15178322.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看