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  • Java:Apache Commons 工具类介绍及简单使用

    Apache Commons包含了很多开源的工具,用于解决平时编程经常会遇到的问题,减少重复劳动。下面是我这几年做开发过程中自己用过的工具类做简单介绍。

    Commons简介

    组件 功能介绍
    commons-beanutils 提供了对于JavaBean进行各种操作,克隆对象,属性等等.
    commons-betwixt XML与Java对象之间相互转换.
    commons-codec 处理常用的编码方法的工具类包 例如DES、SHA1、MD5、Base64等.
    commons-collections java集合框架操作.
    commons-compress java提供文件打包 压缩类库.
    commons-configuration 一个java应用程序的配置管理类库.
    commons-dbcp 提供数据库连接池服务.
    commons-dbutils 提供对jdbc 的操作封装来简化数据查询和记录读取操作.
    commons-email java发送邮件 对javamail的封装.
    commons-fileupload 提供文件上传功能.
    commons-httpclient 提供HTTP客户端与服务器的各种通讯操作. 现在已改成HttpComponents
    commons-io io工具的封装.
    commons-lang Java基本对象方法的工具类包 如:StringUtils,ArrayUtils,DateUtils,DateFormatUtils等等.
    commons-logging 提供的是一个Java 的日志接口.
    commons-validator 提供了客户端和服务器端的数据验证框架.

    Maven依赖

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.3</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-betwixt/commons-betwixt -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-betwixt</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-betwixt</artifactId>
        <version>0.8</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-codec/commons-codec -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        <version>1.10</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-collections4 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
        <version>4.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-collections/commons-collections -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-compress -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-compress</artifactId>
        <version>1.18</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-configuration2 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-configuration2</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-configuration/commons-configuration -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-configuration</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-configuration</artifactId>
        <version>1.10</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-dbcp2 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbcp/commons-dbcp -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbutils/commons-dbutils -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
        <version>1.6</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-email -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-email/commons-email -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-email</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-io -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-lang/commons-lang -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-validator/commons-validator -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-validator</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-validator</artifactId>
        <version>1.6</version>
    </dependency>

    1、commons-beanutils 

    提供了对于JavaBean进行各种操作, 比如对象,属性复制等等。

    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;
    
    public class CommonsBeanUtils {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            // ****************************************************************************
            Person person = new Person();
            person.setName("tom");
            person.setAge(21);
            // 克隆对象
            Person person2 = (Person) BeanUtils.cloneBean(person);
            System.out.println(person2.getName() + ">>" + person2.getAge());
            // ****************************************************************************
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("name", "tom");
            map.put("email", "tom@");
            map.put("age", "21");
            // 将map转化为一个Person对象
            Person person3 = new Person();
            BeanUtils.populate(person3, map);
            System.out.println(person3.getName() + ">>" + person3.getAge());
            // 通过上面的一行代码,此时person的属性就已经具有了上面所赋的值了。
            // 将一个Bean转化为一个Map对象了,如下:
            Map<String, String> map2 = BeanUtils.describe(person3);
            System.out.println(map2.get("name") + ">>" + map2.get("age"));
            // ****************************************************************************
            Person person4 = new Person();
            person4.setName("andy");
            // 反射调用get方法
            String name = (String) PropertyUtils.getProperty(person4, "name");
            System.out.println(name);
            // 反射调用set方法
            PropertyUtils.setProperty(person4, "age", 25);
            System.out.println(person4.getAge());
        }
    }

    2、commons-betwixt 

    XML与Java对象之间相互转换。

    import java.io.StringReader;
    import java.io.StringWriter;
    import org.apache.commons.betwixt.io.BeanReader;
    import org.apache.commons.betwixt.io.BeanWriter;
    
    public class CommonsBetwixt {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            // ****************************创建一个例子Bean,并将它转化为XML ************************************************
            // 先创建一个StringWriter,我们将把它写入为一个字符串
            StringWriter outputWriter = new StringWriter();
            // Betwixt在这里仅仅是将Bean写入为一个片断
            // 所以如果要想完整的XML内容,我们应该写入头格式
            outputWriter.write("<?xml version=’1.0′ encoding=’UTF-8′ ?>
    ");
            // 创建一个BeanWriter,其将写入到我们预备的stream中
            BeanWriter beanWriter = new BeanWriter(outputWriter);
            // 配置betwixt
            // 更多详情请参考java docs 或最新的文档
            beanWriter.getXMLIntrospector().getConfiguration().setAttributesForPrimitives(false);
            beanWriter.getBindingConfiguration().setMapIDs(false);
            beanWriter.enablePrettyPrint();
            // 如果这个地方不传入XML的根节点名,Betwixt将自己猜测是什么
            // 但是让我们将例子Bean名作为根节点吧
            beanWriter.write("person", new Person("John Smith", 21));
            // 输出结果
            System.out.println(outputWriter.toString());
            // Betwixt写的是片断而不是一个文档,所以不要自动的关闭掉writers或者streams,
            // 但这里仅仅是一个例子,不会做更多事情,所以可以关掉
            outputWriter.close();
            // ****************************将XML转化为JavaBean ************************************************
            // 先创建一个XML,由于这里仅是作为例子,所以我们硬编码了一段XML内容
            StringReader xmlReader = new StringReader("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?> <person><age>25</age><name>James Smith</name></person>");
            // 创建BeanReader
            BeanReader beanReader = new BeanReader();
            // 配置reader
            beanReader.getXMLIntrospector().getConfiguration().setAttributesForPrimitives(false);
            beanReader.getBindingConfiguration().setMapIDs(false);
            // 注册beans,以便betwixt知道XML将要被转化为一个什么Bean
            beanReader.registerBeanClass("person", Person.class);
            // 现在我们对XML进行解析
            Person person = (Person) beanReader.parse(xmlReader);
            // 输出结果
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }

    3、commons-codec 

    公共的编解码实现,比如Base64, Hex, MD5,Phonetic and URLs等等。

    import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
    
    public class CommonsCodec {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            Base64 base64 = new Base64();
            String encodestr = base64.encodeToString("abcd".getBytes("UTF-8"));
            System.out.println("Base64 编码后:" + encodestr);
            
            String decodestr = new String(Base64.decodeBase64("YWJjZA=="));  
            System.out.println("Base64 解码后:"+decodestr);  
        }
    }

    4、commons-collections

    对java.util的扩展封装,处理数据还是挺灵活的。

    org.apache.commons.collections – Commons Collections自定义的一组公用的接口和工具类

    org.apache.commons.collections.bag – 实现Bag接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.bidimap – 实现BidiMap系列接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.buffer – 实现Buffer接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.collection – 实现java.util.Collection接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.comparators – 实现java.util.Comparator接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.functors – Commons Collections自定义的一组功能类

    org.apache.commons.collections.iterators – 实现java.util.Iterator接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue – 实现集合和键/值映射相关的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.list – 实现java.util.List接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.map – 实现Map系列接口的一组类

    org.apache.commons.collections.set – 实现Set系列接口的一组类

    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.apache.commons.collections.BidiMap;
    import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.collections.OrderedMap;
    import org.apache.commons.collections.bidimap.TreeBidiMap;
    import org.apache.commons.collections.map.LinkedMap;
    
    public class CommonsCollections {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //得到集合里按顺序存放的key之后的某一Key
            OrderedMap map = new LinkedMap ();
            map.put("FIVE", "5");
            map.put("SIX", "6");
            map.put("SEVEN", "7");
            map.firstKey(); // returns "FIVE"
            map.nextKey("FIVE"); // returns "SIX"
            map.nextKey("SIX"); // returns "SEVEN"
    
            //通过key得到value 通过value得到key 将map里的key和value对调
            BidiMap bidi = new TreeBidiMap();
            bidi.put("SIX", "6");
            bidi.get("SIX"); // returns "6"
            bidi.getKey("6"); // returns "SIX"
            // bidi.removeValue("6"); // removes the mapping
            BidiMap inverse = bidi.inverseBidiMap(); // returns a map with keys and values swapped
            System.out.println(inverse);
    
            //得到两个集合中相同的元素
            List<String> list1 = new ArrayList<String>();
            list1.add("1");
            list1.add("2");
            list1.add("3");
            List<String> list2 = new ArrayList<String>();
            list2.add("2");
            list2.add("3");
            list2.add("5");
            Collection c = CollectionUtils.retainAll(list1, list2);
            System.out.println(c);
        }
    }

    5、commons-compress 

    commons compress中的打包、压缩类库。 

    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    
    import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipArchiveEntry;
    import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipArchiveOutputStream;
    
    public class CommonsCompress {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            // 创建压缩对象
            ZipArchiveEntry entry = new ZipArchiveEntry("CompressTest");
            // 要压缩的文件
            File f = new File("e:\test.pdf");
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(f);
            // 输出的对象 压缩的文件
            ZipArchiveOutputStream zipOutput = new ZipArchiveOutputStream(new File("e:\test.zip"));
            zipOutput.putArchiveEntry(entry);
            int i = 0, j;
            while ((j = fis.read()) != -1) {
                zipOutput.write(j);
                i++;
                System.out.println(i);
            }
            zipOutput.closeArchiveEntry();
            zipOutput.close();
            fis.close();
        }
    }

    6、commons-configuration

    用来帮助处理配置文件的,支持很多种存储方式。

    1. Properties files
    2. XML documents
    3. Property list files (.plist)
    4. JNDI
    5. JDBC Datasource
    6. System properties
    7. Applet parameters
    8. Servlet parameters

    PropertiesConfiguration config = new PropertiesConfiguration("usergui.properties");  
    config.setProperty("colors.background", "#000000);  
    config.save();  
      
    config.save("usergui.backup.properties);//save a copy  
    Integer integer = config.getInteger("window.width");  

    7、commons-dbcp

    (Database Connection Pool)是一个依赖Jakarta commons-pool对象池机制的数据库连接池,Tomcat的数据源使用的就是DBCP。

    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.sql.Statement;
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    import org.apache.commons.dbcp.ConnectionFactory;
    import org.apache.commons.dbcp.DriverManagerConnectionFactory;
    import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnectionFactory;
    import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDataSource;
    import org.apache.commons.pool.ObjectPool;
    import org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericObjectPool;
    
    public class CommonsDbcp {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            System.out.println("加载jdbc驱动");
            try {
                Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("Done.");
            //
            System.out.println("设置数据源");
            DataSource dataSource = setupDataSource("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:test");
            System.out.println("Done.");
    
            //
            Connection conn = null;
            Statement stmt = null;
            ResultSet rset = null;
    
            try {
                System.out.println("Creating connection.");
                conn = dataSource.getConnection();
                System.out.println("Creating statement.");
                stmt = conn.createStatement();
                System.out.println("Executing statement.");
                rset = stmt.executeQuery("select * from person");
                System.out.println("Results:");
                int numcols = rset.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
                while (rset.next()) {
                    for (int i = 0; i <= numcols; i++) {
                        System.out.print("	" + rset.getString(i));
                    }
                    System.out.println("");
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    if (rset != null)
                        rset.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
                try {
                    if (stmt != null)
                        stmt.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
                try {
                    if (conn != null)
                        conn.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
            }
        }
    
        public static DataSource setupDataSource(String connectURI) {
            // 设置连接地址
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new DriverManagerConnectionFactory(connectURI, null);
    
            // 创建连接工厂
            PoolableConnectionFactory poolableConnectionFactory = new PoolableConnectionFactory(connectionFactory, null, null, connectURI, false, false);
    
            // 获取GenericObjectPool 连接的实例
            ObjectPool connectionPool = new GenericObjectPool(poolableConnectionFactory);
    
            // 创建 PoolingDriver
            PoolingDataSource dataSource = new PoolingDataSource(connectionPool);
    
            return dataSource;
        }
    }

    8、commons-dbutils 

    Apache组织提供的一个资源JDBC工具类库,它是对JDBC的简单封装,对传统操作数据库的类进行二次封装,可以把结果集转化成List。,同时也不影响程序的性能。

    DbUtils类:启动类
    ResultSetHandler接口:转换类型接口
    MapListHandler类:实现类,把记录转化成List
    BeanListHandler类:实现类,把记录转化成List,使记录为JavaBean类型的对象
    Qrery Runner类:执行SQL语句的类

    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.DriverManager;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import org.apache.commons.dbutils.DbUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
    import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
    import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.MapListHandler;
    
    public class CommonsDbutils {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Connection conn = null;
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ptest";
            String jdbcDriver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
            String user = "root";
            String password = "ptest";
    
            DbUtils.loadDriver(jdbcDriver);
            //****************************转换成list  ************************************
            try {
                conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
                QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
                List results = (List) qr.query(conn, "select id,name from person",new BeanListHandler(Person.class));
                for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
                    Person p = (Person) results.get(i);
                    System.out.println("age:" + p.getAge() + ",name:" + p.getName());
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                DbUtils.closeQuietly(conn);
            }
            //****************************转换成map  ************************************
            try {
                conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
                QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
                List results = (List) qr.query(conn, "select age,name from person",new MapListHandler());
                for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
                    Map map = (Map) results.get(i);
                    System.out.println("age:" + map.get("age") + ",name:"+ map.get("name"));
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                DbUtils.closeQuietly(conn);
            }
        }
    }

    9、commons-email 

    提供的一个开源的API,是对javamail的封装。

    import org.apache.commons.mail.DefaultAuthenticator;
    import org.apache.commons.mail.Email;
    import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailException;
    import org.apache.commons.mail.SimpleEmail;
    
    public class CommosEmail {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws EmailException {
            Email email = new SimpleEmail();
            email.setHostName("smtp.googlemail.com");
            email.setSmtpPort(465);
            email.setAuthenticator(new DefaultAuthenticator("username", "password"));
            email.setSSLOnConnect(true);
            email.setFrom("user@gmail.com");
            email.setSubject("TestMail");
            email.setMsg("This is a test mail ... :-)");
            email.addTo("foo@bar.com");
            email.send();
        }
    }

    10、commons-fileupload

    java web文件上传功能。

    //检查请求是否含有上传文件  
        boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);  
    
        //如果你的应用近于最简单的情况,上面的处理就够了。但我们有时候还是需要更多的控制。  
        //下面提供了几种控制选择
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();  
      
        // Set factory constraints  
        factory.setSizeThreshold(yourMaxMemorySize);  
        factory.setRepository(yourTempDirectory);  
      
        // Create a new file upload handler  
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);  
      
        // 设置最大上传大小  
        upload.setSizeMax(yourMaxRequestSize);  
      
        // 解析所有请求  
        List items = upload.parseRequest(request);  
      
        // Create a factory for disk-based file items  
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(  
                yourMaxMemorySize, yourTempDirectory);  
      
        //一旦解析完成,你需要进一步处理item的列表。
        Iterator iter = items.iterator();  
        while (iter.hasNext()) {  
            FileItem item = (FileItem) iter.next();  
      
            if (item.isFormField()) {  
                processFormField(item);  
            } else {  
                processUploadedFile(item);  
            }  
        }  
      
        //区分数据是否为简单的表单数据,如果是简单的数据
        if (item.isFormField()) {  
            String name = item.getFieldName();  
            String value = item.getString();  
            //...省略步骤  
        }  
      
        //如果是提交的文件:  
        if (!item.isFormField()) {  
            String fieldName = item.getFieldName();  
            String fileName = item.getName();  
            String contentType = item.getContentType();  
            boolean isInMemory = item.isInMemory();  
            long sizeInBytes = item.getSize();  
            //...省略步骤  
        }  
      
        //对于这些item,我们通常要把它们写入文件,或转为一个流  
        if (writeToFile) {  
            File uploadedFile = new File(...);  
            item.write(uploadedFile);  
        } else {  
            InputStream uploadedStream = item.getInputStream();  
            //...省略步骤  
            uploadedStream.close();  
        }  
      
        //或转为字节数组保存在内存中
        byte[] data = item.get();  
        //...省略步骤  
        //如果这个文件真的很大,你可能会希望向用户报告到底传了多少到服务端,让用户了解上传的过程
        ProgressListener progressListener = new ProgressListener(){  
           public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {  
               System.out.println("We are currently reading item " + pItems);  
               if (pContentLength == -1) {  
                   System.out.println("So far, " + pBytesRead + " bytes have been read.");  
               } else {  
                   System.out.println("So far, " + pBytesRead + " of " + pContentLength  
                                      + " bytes have been read.");  
               }  
           }  
        };  
        upload.setProgressListener(progressListener);  

    11、commons-httpclient

     基于HttpCore实 现的一个HTTP/1.1兼容的HTTP客户端,它提供了一系列可重用的客户端身份验证、HTTP状态保持、HTTP连接管理module。

    import java.io.IOException;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
    import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
    
    public class CommonsHttpclient {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            // 构造HttpClient的实例
            HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
            // 创建GET方法的实例
            GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod("http://www.ibm.com");
            // 使用系统提供的默认的恢复策略
            getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER,
                    new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
            try {
                // 执行getMethod
                int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);
                if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                    System.err.println("Method failed: "
                            + getMethod.getStatusLine());
                }
                // 读取内容
                byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody();
                // 处理内容
                System.out.println(new String(responseBody));
            } catch (HttpException e) {
                // 发生致命的异常,可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题
                System.out.println("Please check your provided http address!");
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // 发生网络异常
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                // 释放连接
                getMethod.releaseConnection();
            }
    
            // 构造HttpClient的实例
            HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
            // 创建POST方法的实例
            String url = "http://www.oracle.com/";
            PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
            // 填入各个表单域的值
            NameValuePair[] data = { new NameValuePair("id", "youUserName"),
                    new NameValuePair("passwd", "yourPwd") };
            // 将表单的值放入postMethod中
            postMethod.setRequestBody(data);
            // 执行postMethod
            int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
            // HttpClient对于要求接受后继服务的请求,象POST和PUT等不能自动处理转发
            // 301或者302
            if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY
                    || statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) {
                // 从头中取出转向的地址
                Header locationHeader = postMethod.getResponseHeader("location");
                String location = null;
                if (locationHeader != null) {
                    location = locationHeader.getValue();
                    System.out.println("The page was redirected to:" + location);
                } else {
                    System.err.println("Location field value is null.");
                }
                return;
            }
        }
    }

    12、commons-io

    对java.io的扩展 操作文件非常方便。

    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.apache.commons.io.FileSystemUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
    
    public class CommonsIo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            // 1.读取Stream
            // 标准代码:
            InputStream in = new URL("http://jakarta.apache.org").openStream();
            InputStreamReader inR = new InputStreamReader(in);
            BufferedReader buf = new BufferedReader(inR);
            String line;
            while ((line = buf.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }
            in.close();
            
            // 使用IOUtils
            InputStream in2 = new URL("http://jakarta.apache.org").openStream();
            try {
                System.out.println(IOUtils.toString(in2));
            } finally {
                IOUtils.closeQuietly(in);
            }
    
            // 2.读取文件
            File file = new File("/commons/io/project.properties");
            List lines = FileUtils.readLines(file, "UTF-8");
    
            // 3.察看剩余空间
            long freeSpace = FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("C:/");
        }
    }

    13、commos-lang 

    主要是一些公共的工具集合,比如对字符、数组的操作等等。

    import java.util.Calendar;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    import org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.ClassUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateFormatUtils;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateUtils;
    
    public class CommonsLang {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //********************************ArrayUtils***************************************
            // 将两个数组合并为一个数组
            String[] s1 = new String[] { "1", "2", "3" };
            String[] s2 = new String[] { "a", "b", "c" };
            String[] s = (String[]) ArrayUtils.addAll(s1, s2);
            for (int i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
                System.out.println(s[i]);
            }
            String str = ArrayUtils.toString(s);
            str = str.substring(1, str.length() - 1);
            System.out.println(str + ">>" + str.length());
            //********************************StringUtils***************************************
            // 截取从from开始字符串
            StringUtils.substringAfter("SELECT * FROM PERSON ", "from");
            // 判断该字符串是不是为数字(0~9)组成,如果是,返回true 但该方法不识别有小数点和请注意
            StringUtils.isNumeric("454534"); // 返回true
            // 取得类名
            System.out.println(ClassUtils.getShortClassName(CommonsLang.class));
            // 取得其包名
            System.out.println(ClassUtils.getPackageName(CommonsLang.class));
            // 五位的随机字母和数字 
            System.out.println(RandomStringUtils.randomAlphanumeric(5));
            // StringEscapeUtils
            System.out.println(StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml("<html>"));
            // 输出结果为<html>
            System.out.println(StringEscapeUtils.escapeJava("String"));
            // StringUtils,判断是否是空格字符
            System.out.println(StringUtils.isBlank("   "));
            // 将数组中的内容以,分隔
            System.out.println(StringUtils.join(s1, ","));
            // 在右边加下字符,使之总长度为6
            System.out.println(StringUtils.rightPad("abc", 6, 'T'));
            // 首字母大写 
            System.out.println(StringUtils.capitalize("abc"));
            // Deletes all whitespaces from a String 删除所有空格
            System.out.println(StringUtils.deleteWhitespace("   ab  c  "));
            // 判断是否包含这个字符 
            System.out.println(StringUtils.contains("abc", "ba"));
            // 表示左边两个字符 
            System.out.println(StringUtils.left("abc", 2));
            //********************************DateFormatUtils***************************************
            System.out.println(DateFormatUtils.format(new Date(), "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
            //直接将日期格式化为内置的固定格式
            System.out.println(DateFormatUtils.ISO_DATE_FORMAT.format(new Date()));
            //字符型日期转化为Date
            System.out.println(DateUtils.parseDate("2014-11-11 11:11:11", new String[] { "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm", "yyyy-MM-dd", "yyyy/MM/dd" }));
            //日期舍入与截整
            System.out.println(DateUtils.truncate(new Date(), Calendar.DATE));
            //判断是否是同一天
            System.out.println(DateUtils.isSameDay(new Date(), new Date()));
            //加天数
            System.out.println(DateUtils.addDays(new Date(), 10));
        }
    }

    14、commos-logging

    提供的是一个Java 的日志接口,同时兼顾轻量级和不依赖于具体的日志实现工具。

    import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
    
    public class CommosLogging {
        private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(CommosLogging.class);
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            log.error("ERROR");
            log.debug("DEBUG");
            log.warn("WARN");
            log.info("INFO");
            log.trace("TRACE");
            System.out.println(log.getClass());
        }
    }

    15、Validator 

    通用验证系统,该组件提供了客户端和服务器端的数据验证框架。

    验证日期

          // 获取日期验证  
          DateValidator validator = DateValidator.getInstance();  
      
          // 验证/转换日期  
          Date fooDate = validator.validate(fooString, "dd/MM/yyyy");  
          if (fooDate == null) {  
              // 错误 不是日期  
              return;  
          }  

    表达式验证

          // 设置参数  
          boolean caseSensitive = false;  
          String regex1   = "^([A-Z]*)(?:\-)([A-Z]*)*$"  
          String regex2   = "^([A-Z]*)$";  
          String[] regexs = new String[] {regex1, regex1};  
      
          // 创建验证  
          RegexValidator validator = new RegexValidator(regexs, caseSensitive);  
      
          // 验证返回boolean  
          boolean valid = validator.isValid("abc-def");  
      
          // 验证返回字符串  
          String result = validator.validate("abc-def");  
      
          // 验证返回数组  
          String[] groups = validator.match("abc-def");  

     

    文章转载至:https://www.cnblogs.com/love-omnus/p/4196585.html#top

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/nhdlb/p/14070643.html
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