自动化测试

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=8279 下载windowsSDK

https://www.cnblogs.com/silverbullet11/category/354374.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/Luouy/p/4204319.html

 https://www.cnblogs.com/ellie-test/p/4427323.html

如鹏网 杨中科

https://www.cnblogs.com/rupeng/p/4876368.html

http://www.voidcn.com/article/p-uztuqsgm-xy.html

https://blog.csdn.net/lassewang/article/details/6693917

使用Win32API模拟点击

API 说明和例子

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

lpClassName 就是win32 RegisterClass的名字。

lpWindowName 是窗口的title，如果第一个参数为null，会搜索所有和lpWindowName匹配的窗口。

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, uint hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);

找到第一个和指定条件符合（class 和windowName 相符合）的hwndParent的子窗口。

如果hwndParent为null，那么以桌面窗口为父窗口。

hwndChildAfer必须为Parent的子窗口，函数从该子窗口的下一个子窗口开始搜索。如果为null，函数会从parent的第一个子窗口搜索。

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int EnumChildWindows(IntPtr hWndParent, CallBack lpfn, int lParam);
 
        public delegate bool CallBack(IntPtr hwnd, int lParam);

枚举一个父窗口所有的子窗口。

如果回调函数返回true，继续。返回false，终止枚举。

 被测试的窗口如下图

 点击之后弹出一个messagebox。You Nailed it。

控制程序的代码

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            IntPtr mainHandle = WindowsApi.FindWindow(null, "测试窗口");
            if(mainHandle!=IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                //MessageBox.Show("find one");
                IntPtr ibtn = WindowsApi.FindWindowExtended(mainHandle, "ClickMe", true);
                if(ibtn!=IntPtr.Zero)
                {
                    WindowsApi.SendMessage(ibtn, 0xF5, 0, 0);
                }
            }
        }

static class WindowsApi
    {
        
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);
 
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, uint hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);
 
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hwnd, uint wMsg, int wParam, int lParam);
 
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SetForegroundWindow", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern void SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hwnd);
 
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int EnumChildWindows(IntPtr hWndParent, CallBack lpfn, int lParam);
 
        public delegate bool CallBack(IntPtr hwnd, int lParam);
        /// <summary>
        /// 查找窗体上控件句柄
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hwnd">父窗体句柄</param>
        /// <param name="lpszWindow">控件标题</param>
        /// <param name="bChild">设定是否在子窗体中查找</param>
        /// <returns>控件句柄，没找到返回IntPtr.Zero</returns>
        public static IntPtr FindWindowExtended(IntPtr hwnd,string lpszWindow,bool bChild)
        {

            IntPtr iResult = IntPtr.Zero;
            // 首先在父窗体上查找控件
            iResult = WindowsApi.FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0, null, lpszWindow);
            // 如果找到直接返回控件句柄
            if (iResult != IntPtr.Zero) return iResult;

            // 如果设定了不在子窗体中查找
            if (!bChild) return iResult;

            // 枚举子窗体，查找控件句柄
            int i = WindowsApi.EnumChildWindows(
            hwnd,
            (h, l) =>
            {
                IntPtr f1 = WindowsApi.FindWindowEx(h, 0, null, lpszWindow);
                if (f1 == IntPtr.Zero)
                    return true;
                else
                {
                    iResult = f1;
                    return false;
                }
            },
            0);
            // 返回查找结果
            return iResult;
        }

    }

点击button1，被测试的程序的ClickMe按钮被点击，弹出

UI Automation简介

AutomationElement.RootElement 是窗口根元素,桌面。

AutomationElement.FromHandle(IntPtr hwnd)从窗口句柄拿到AutomationElement对象。

AutomationElement.Current.***得到控件的名字，句柄等信息。

例子1：获取所有窗口，打印其名称和classname

获取桌面，通过FindAll 获取其所有Children

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            AutomationElement desktop = AutomationElement.RootElement;
            //MessageBox.Show(desktop.Current.ControlType.ProgrammaticName);
            AutomationElementCollection topWindows=desktop.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, Condition.TrueCondition);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            foreach(AutomationElement ae in topWindows)
            {
                sb.AppendLine("Name: " + ae.Current.Name + " ;ClassName=" + ae.Current.ClassName);

            }
            MessageBox.Show(sb.ToString());
        }

效果如下

添加查询条件

AutomationElementCollection topWindows=desktop.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, 
                new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty,"Chrome_WidgetWin_1"));

 例子2：打印计算器程序的所有按钮信息

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            AutomationElement desktop = AutomationElement.RootElement;
            AutomationElement calcApp = desktop.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "ApplicationFrameWindow"));
            //looking for all buttons
            var buttons=calcApp.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "Button"));
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            foreach(AutomationElement ae in buttons)
            {
                sb.AppendLine(ae.Current.Name);
            }
            MessageBox.Show(sb.ToString());
        }

 

教程：如何设置文本，读取文本，点击按钮

设置控件的值

var p1=(ValuePattern)ele.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern);

p1.SetValue(value);

得到文本控件的值

var p2=(TextPattern)e.GetCurrentPattern(TextPattern.Pattern);
return p2.DocumentRange.GetText(-1);

调用控件，比如点击按钮

var p3=(InvokePattern)e.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern);
p3.Invoke();

例子3：模拟点击按钮,并且返回最终显示值。

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            AutomationElement desktop = AutomationElement.RootElement;
            AutomationElement calcApp = desktop.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "ApplicationFrameWindow"));
            //looking for all buttons
            var buttons=calcApp.FindAll(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "Button"));
            var button5 = calcApp.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, "num5Button"));
            var display = calcApp.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, "CalculatorResults"));

            var p=(InvokePattern)button5.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern);
            p.Invoke();
            MessageBox.Show(display.Current.Name);
        }

 例子4：设置文本，点击按钮，获取结果文本框中的值

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            AutomationElement desktop = AutomationElement.RootElement;AutomationElement convApp = desktop.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "WinXP multibyte app"));
            var tbInt = convApp.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, "1001"));
            var btnConv = convApp.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "IntToBit"));
            var tbShow = convApp.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.AutomationIdProperty, "1006"));

            var p1 = (ValuePattern)tbInt.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern);

            p1.SetValue("25");

            var p3 = (InvokePattern)btnConv.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern);
            p3.Invoke();

            var p2 = (TextPattern)tbShow.GetCurrentPattern(TextPattern.Pattern);
            string hello=p2.DocumentRange.GetText(-1);
            MessageBox.Show(hello);

        }