deb文件格式本是ubuntu/debian系统下的安装文件，那么我想要在redhat/centos/fedora中安装，需要把deb格式的软件包转化成rpm格式。
需要用到的转换工具：alien_8.89.tar.gz
1、编译安装alien_8.89.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# yum install perl make gcc ##安装编译所必须的软件环境 [root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf alien_8.89.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd alien [root@localhost alien]# perl Makefile.PL Writing Makefile for Alien [root@localhost alien]# make [root@localhost alien]# make install
2、转换deb包为rpm包
[root@localhost ~]# alien -r wondershaper_1.1a-6_all.deb ##红色为要转换的deb包名称
执行后出现下面的结果就说明转换成功了，就会在当前目录下产生一下相对应的rpm包
wondershaper-1.1a-7.noarch.rpm generated
3、再安装rpm包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh wondershaper-1.1a-7.noarch.rpm
报错与解决办法：
1、在编译安装alien时可能会遇到下面报错
[root@localhost alien]# perl Makefile.PL
Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 2.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Makefile.PL line 2.
执行下面命令即可解决：
[root@localhost alien]# yum install perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
2、在执行转换命令时，报rpmbuild: command not found
[root@localhost ~]# alien -r wondershaper_1.1a-6_all.deb
Package build failed. Here's the log of the command (cd wondershaper-1.1a; rpmbuild --buildroot='/root/wondershaper-1.1a' -bb --target noarch 'wondershaper-1.1a-7.spec'):
sh: rpmbuild: command not found
yum安装rpm-build即可：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install rpm-build