一、基本操作
连接Mysql后，结束一条sql语句要在后面加一个分号”；“。
- 创建数据库
#在创建数据时，可以在数据库名前后加一个反引号（TAB键上的一个键），这样就可以用关键字创建一个数据库了，否则报错。
mysql> create database customer; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
- 查看mysql版本
mysql> select version(); +-----------+ | version() | +-----------+ | 5.6.38 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 查看当前数据库
mysql> select database(); +------------+ | database() | +------------+ | NULL | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 查看当前的登录用户名
mysql> select user(); +----------------+ | user() | +----------------+ | root@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 查看当前的登录用户名
mysql> select current_user(); +----------------+ | current_user() | +----------------+ | root@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 查看当前日期时间
mysql> select curtime(),curdate(),now(); +-----------+------------+---------------------+ | curtime() | curdate() | now() | +-----------+------------+---------------------+ | 15:43:50 | 2018-01-15 | 2018-01-15 15:43:50 | +-----------+------------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 查看有多少数据库
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 删除一个指定的数据库
drop database 数据库名
- 切换一个数据库为当前数据库
use 数据库名
mysql> use test Database changed mysql> select database(); +------------+ | database() | +------------+ | test | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 查看字符集
mysql> show variables like 'char%'; +--------------------------+--------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------+ | character_set_client | gbk | | character_set_connection | gbk | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | gbk | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | c:mysqlsharecharsets | +--------------------------+--------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 设置连接服务器及当前客户端的字符集
mysql> set names utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 查看当前服务支持的字符集
mysql> show charset; +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+ | Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen | +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+ | big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 | | dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 | | cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 | | hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 | | koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 | | latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 | | latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 | | swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 | | ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 | | ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 | | sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 | | hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 | | tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 | | euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 | | koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 | | gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 | | greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 | | cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 | | gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 | | latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 | | armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 | | utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 | | ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 | | cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 | | keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 | | macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 | | macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 | | cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 | | latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 | | utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 | | cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 | | utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 | | utf16le | UTF-16LE Unicode | utf16le_general_ci | 4 | | cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 | | cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 | | utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 | | binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 | | geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 | | cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 | | eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 | +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+ 40 rows in set (0.02 sec)
- 查看数据库引擎
mysql> show engines;
+--------------------+---------+------------------------------------------------
----------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment
| Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+------------------------------------------------
----------------+--------------+------+------------+
| FEDERATED | NO | Federated MySQL storage engine
| NULL | NULL | NULL |
| MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables
| NO | NO | NO |
| MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine
| NO | NO | NO |
| BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to
it disappears) | NO | NO | NO |
| CSV | YES | CSV storage engine
| NO | NO | NO |
| MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for tempor
ary tables | NO | NO | NO |
| ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine
| NO | NO | NO |
| InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and f
oreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema
| NO | NO | NO |
+--------------------+---------+------------------------------------------------
----------------+--------------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 修改数据库的字符集
mysql> alter database `db` character set utf8; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)