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  • iphone多线程

         多线程在各种编程语言中都是难点,很多语言中实现起来很麻烦,objective-c虽然源于c,但其多线程编程却相当简单,可以与java相媲美。这篇文章主要从线程创建与启动、线程的同步与锁、线程的交互、线程池等等四个方面简单的讲解一下iphone中的多线程编程。

    一、线程创建与启动
    线程创建主要有二种方式:

    - (id)init; // designated initializer
    - (id)initWithTarget:(id)target selector:(SEL)selector object:(id)argument;
    当然,还有一种比较特殊,就是使用所谓的convenient method,这个方法可以直接生成一个线程并启动它,而且无需为线程的清理负责。这个方法的接口是:

    + (void)detachNewThreadSelector:(SEL)aSelector toTarget:(id)aTarget withObject:(id)anArgument

    前两种方法创建后,需要手机启动,启动的方法是:

    - (void)start;
    二、线程的同步与锁
    要说明线程的同步与锁,最好的例子可能就是多个窗口同时售票的售票系统了。我们知道在java中,使用synchronized来同步,而iphone虽然没有提供类似java下的synchronized关键字,但提供了NSCondition对象接口。查看NSCondition的接口说明可以看出,NSCondition是iphone下的锁对象,所以我们可以使用NSCondition实现iphone中的线程安全。这是来源于网上的一个例子:
    SellTicketsAppDelegate.h 文件

    // SellTicketsAppDelegate.h
    import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

    @interface SellTicketsAppDelegate : NSObject <UIApplicationDelegate> {
         int tickets;
         int count;
         NSThread* ticketsThreadone;
         NSThread* ticketsThreadtwo;
         NSCondition* ticketsCondition;
         UIWindow *window;
    }
    @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UIWindow *window;
    @end

    SellTicketsAppDelegate.m 文件

    // SellTicketsAppDelegate.m
    import "SellTicketsAppDelegate.h"

    @implementation SellTicketsAppDelegate
    @synthesize window;

    - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)application {
         tickets = 100;
         count = 0;
         // 锁对象
         ticketCondition = [[NSCondition alloc] init];
         ticketsThreadone = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
         [ticketsThreadone setName:@"Thread-1"];
         [ticketsThreadone start]; 


         ticketsThreadtwo = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
         [ticketsThreadtwo setName:@"Thread-2"];
         [ticketsThreadtwo start];
         //[NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(run) toTarget:self withObject:nil];
          // Override point for customization after application launch
         [window makeKeyAndVisible]; 

    }

    - (void)run{
         while (TRUE) {
         // 上锁
             [ticketsCondition lock];
             if(tickets > 0){
                 [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.5];
                 count = 100 - tickets;
                 NSLog(@"当前票数是:%d,售出:%d,线程名:%@",tickets,count,[[NSThread currentThread] name]);
                 tickets--;
             }else{
                 break;
             }
             [ticketsCondition unlock];
         }
    }

    - (void)dealloc {
    [ticketsThreadone release];
         [ticketsThreadtwo release];
         [ticketsCondition release]; 
         [window release];
         [super dealloc];
    }
    @end


    三、线程的交互
    线程在运行过程中,可能需要与其它线程进行通信,如在主线程中修改界面等等,可以使用如下接口:

    - (void)performSelectorOnMainThread:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)arg waitUntilDone:(BOOL)wait

    由于在本过程中,可能需要释放一些资源,则需要使用NSAutoreleasePool来进行管理,如:

    - (void)startTheBackgroundJob {
        NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
        // to do something in your thread job
        ...
        [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(makeMyProgressBarMoving) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:NO];
        [pool release];
    }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/peer/p/2058902.html
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