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  • 1.英文学习一

    7大体系:

    时态+被动语态+情态动词+虚拟语气+陈述句+从句+非谓语动词

    8大充节

    连词,冠词,代词,使动词,使役动词,系动词,独立主格,倒装句

    任何一句话都有时态:4*4的排列组合,16种组合

    中文流程:

    一、疑问词+时表词+主语+句剩+动词

    疑问词:who可以作主语,可以作宾语(whom只能作宾语) what whose which when where why how

    主语:动作的发起者(我打你)   我就是主语,你就是宾语

    宾语:动作的承受者

    时表词:基本上可以表示出时态,每一个时态的第一个词是时表词,最后一个词是动词,以下绿色的使每种时态的时表词。

    时表词 主语 时表词
    be am do
    are 你,你们,我们,他们
    is 他,她,它(第三人称单数) dose

    一般现在时            do/dose
    一般过去时            did
    一般将来时            be  going to  do
    一般过去将来时      be   doing

    在一般将来时和一般过去将来时,be要换成 am are is,根据主语来判断用哪个。

    句剩:每个时态除了第一个词和最后一个词,剩下的就是句剩,只有一般将来时有。比如上面的 going to

    造句:

    • 你去哪了?
      • 这是疑问句?见到你以后问你去哪里了。所以是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时用did。主语是你,疑问词是where。
      • Where did you go?
      • Why did you go there?
      • How did you go there?
      • By whose car did you go?
      • With whom did you go? Who did you go with together?
    • 你平常都什么时候回来?
      • 平常表示的是习惯,也就是一般现在时,时表词用do或者dose,主语是你,用do,什么时候用when。usually表示的是某个动作爱好,不加usually表示的是纯粗的一个习惯
      • When do you come back? (sleep,eat lunch,get up)
    • 我们什么时候吃饭?
      • 还没吃呢,一会会吃,是一般将来时,用be going to do。
      • When are we going to eat?
      • What are we going to eat?
      • Where are we going to eat?
      • With whom are we going to eat?
    • 你在吃什么?
      • 正在进行的动作,现在进行时用be going,时表词用be ,主语是你,换成are,动作加ing
      • What are you eating?
      • What are you playing?
      • What are you doing?(look at看, look for找, wait for等,)
    • 你怎么跟他说的?
      • 已经说完了,一般过去时,用did ,主语是你,谓语是他,因为是宾格形式,用him
      • How did you tell him?
    • 你打算怎么告诉他说?
      • How are you going to tell him?
    • 你平时都怎么和他说?
      • How do you tell him?
    • 我们等会去哪间办公室签合同? 
      • 还没签呢,一般将来时
      • Which office are we going to sign the contract later in?

    二、举一反三,词组的来源

    he went abroad     

    go是一个不及物动词,所以,abroad是一个副词,在国外,往国外,向国外,所以go abroad翻译成出国的意思。

    (1).举一反三:

    fly abroad 飞到国外

    die abroad  死在国外

    pass away abroad

    he is going to drive abroad

    he is learning abroad    在国外学习,而不是留学

    he is studying cooking abroad  在国外学习烹饪

    he saw him abroad/on the street

    he is lost abroad

    he was killed abroad/at your home

    he is working abroad

    he is abroad

     (2)

    往里(往外)+(走/跑/挪/看/睡/爬/靠/流)

    in/out/back

    go out

    come in/back

    be good at/in     at和in本身就表示在某一方面,都可以的。

    he is good at English.  

    he is good 是一个主系表的短语,at English是一个介词短语

    at是在某方面

    所以就是他在英语方面很棒,可以换成更多的形容词,比如nice,great,wonderful,坏的bad,terrible,weak(弱)

    主谓结构

    he performs pretty

    he does well in /at English.

    he is extremely excellent in making friends.

    词组:

    1. 动词+副词
      1. he went away (go away)

        way是离开某地,go是走,就是走开。run away跑走,fly away飞走,

        he came back (come back )

        back是向后,往后,come是来,所以就是 回来。

    2. 动词+介词
      1. he waited for me(wait for sb)  wait是不及物动词,后面跟介词,for表示原因,为了某人在等,如果不是我他早走了。
        1. wait at home,
        2. wait in beijing
        3. wait with mom
      2. we talked about you (talk about sth) about是关于,talk是说,我们谈论过你
    3. 系表+介短
      1. he is good at English.  
    4. 动词+副词+介短
      1. he does well  in English
      2. come here at(具体某个时间点,7点,8点)/in(某个时间,1992年,夏天)/on(具体某一天)/with(方式,和谁一起来的)
      3. come out/in/to/up at
      4. go/run/fly/sleep/study/die here at

    who和whom的区别:

    who可以作主语,可以作宾语(whom只能作宾语)

    你在等谁?   主语是你,宾语是谁

    Whom/Who are you waiting for? 

    谁在等你?  主语是谁,宾语是你

    Who is waiting for you?

    但是有一种情况只能用whom,就是介词放前面的时候,起强调作用。

    For whom are you waiting?

    你告诉谁了?   主语是你,宾语是谁

    Whom/Who did you tell? 

    谁告诉你的? 主语是谁,宾语是你

    Who told you?

    你跟谁去的?

    who/whom did you go with?

    with whom did you go?

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/peiminer/p/10278768.html
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