MYCAT分库分表

一、整体架构

1、192.168.189.130：mysql master服务，两个数据库db_store、db_user，db_store做了主从复制

　　db_user：

　　　　用户表users为分片表

　　　　数据字典表data_dictionary为全局表

　　　　用户地址表user_address为ER表和用户表有关联

　　db_store（做了主从复制）:

　　　　门店表store、店员表employee为非分片表，就是mysql中普通的表

2、192.168.189.131：mysql slave服务，两个数据库db_store、db_user，db_store做了主从复制

　　　同192.168.189.130

3、192.168.189.132：mycat服务

　　db_user：逻辑库

　　　　users、data_dictionary、user_address逻辑表

　　db_store：逻辑库

　　　　store、employee逻辑表

二、mycat配置 /root/data/program/mycat/conf

1、schema.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">

    <schema name="db_store" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
        <table name="store" dataNode="db_store_dataNode" primaryKey="storeID"/>
        <table name="employee" dataNode="db_store_dataNode" primaryKey="employeeID"/>
    </schema>
    
    
    <schema name="db_user" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
        <table name="data_dictionary" type="global" dataNode="db_user_dataNode1,db_user_dataNode2" primaryKey="dataDictionaryID"/>
        <table name="users" dataNode="db_user_dataNode$1-2"  rule="mod-userID-long" primaryKey="userID">
            <childTable name="user_address"  joinKey="userID" parentKey="userID" primaryKey="addressID"/>
        </table>
    </schema>
    
    
    <!-- 节点配置 -->
    <!-- db_store -->
    <dataNode name="db_store_dataNode" dataHost="db_storeHOST" database="db_store" />
    
    <!-- db_user -->
    <dataNode name="db_user_dataNode1" dataHost="db_userHOST1" database="db_user" />
    <dataNode name="db_user_dataNode2" dataHost="db_userHOST2" database="db_user" />
    
    
    
    
    <!-- 节点主机配置 -->
    <!-- 配置db_store的节点主机 -->
    <dataHost name="db_storeHOST" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
              writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
        <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.189.130:3306" user="root"  password="123456">
            <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
            <readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.189.131:3306" user="root" password="123456" />
        
        
        </writeHost>
        
    </dataHost>
    
    
    <!-- 配置db_user的节点主机 -->
    <dataHost name="db_userHOST1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
              writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <writeHost host="userHost1" url="192.168.189.130:3306" user="root"  password="123456">
        </writeHost>
    </dataHost>
    
    <dataHost name="db_userHOST2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
              writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
        <writeHost host="userHost2" url="192.168.189.131:3306" user="root"  password="123456">
        </writeHost>
    </dataHost>
    
</mycat:schema>

2、server.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
    - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
    may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
    - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
    License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
    under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <system>
    <property name="useSqlStat">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
    <property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->

        <property name="sequnceHandlerType">2</property>
      <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>--> <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
    <!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
    <!-- 
    <property name="processors">1</property> 
    <property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
     -->
        <!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena-->
        <property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
        <!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
        <!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
        <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
        <!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
        <!--
            <property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
            <property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property> 
            <property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
        <!--分布式事务开关，0为不过滤分布式事务，1为过滤分布式事务（如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表，则不过滤），2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
        <property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
        
            <!--
            off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
        -->
        <property name="useOffHeapForMerge">1</property>

        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="memoryPageSize">1m</property>

        <!--
            单位为k
        -->
        <property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>

        <property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>

        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>


        <!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
        <property name="useZKSwitch">true</property>


    </system>
    
    <!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
    <!-- 
    <firewall> 
       <whitehost>
          <host host="127.0.0.1" user="mycat"/>
          <host host="127.0.0.2" user="mycat"/>
       </whitehost>
       <blacklist check="false">
       </blacklist>
    </firewall>
    -->
    
    <user name="root">
        <property name="password">123456</property>
        <property name="schemas">db_store,db_user</property>
        
        <!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
        <!--         
        <privileges check="false">
            <schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
                <table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
                <table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
            </schema>
        </privileges>        
         -->
    </user>

    
</mycat:server>

3、rule.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
    - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
    may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
    - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
    License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
    under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd">
<mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <tableRule name="rule1">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="rule2">
        <rule>
            <columns>user_id</columns>
            <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="sharding-by-intfile">
        <rule>
            <columns>sharding_id</columns>
            <algorithm>hash-int</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="auto-sharding-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>rang-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="mod-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    
    <tableRule name="mod-userID-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>userID</columns>
            <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    

    
    <tableRule name="sharding-by-murmur">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>murmur</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="crc32slot">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>crc32slot</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="sharding-by-month">
        <rule>
            <columns>create_time</columns>
            <algorithm>partbymonth</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="latest-month-calldate">
        <rule>
            <columns>calldate</columns>
            <algorithm>latestMonth</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    
    <tableRule name="auto-sharding-rang-mod">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>rang-mod</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    
    <tableRule name="jch">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>jump-consistent-hash</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    
    <function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
        <!-- how many data nodes -->
        <property name="count">2</property>
    </function>

    <function name="murmur"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMurmurHash">
        <property name="seed">0</property><!-- 默认是0 -->
        <property name="count">2</property><!-- 要分片的数据库节点数量，必须指定，否则没法分片 -->
        <property name="virtualBucketTimes">160</property><!-- 一个实际的数据库节点被映射为这么多虚拟节点，默认是160倍，也就是虚拟节点数是物理节点数的160倍 -->
        <!-- <property name="weightMapFile">weightMapFile</property> 节点的权重，没有指定权重的节点默认是1。以properties文件的格式填写，以从0开始到count-1的整数值也就是节点索引为key，以节点权重值为值。所有权重值必须是正整数，否则以1代替 -->
        <!-- <property name="bucketMapPath">/etc/mycat/bucketMapPath</property> 
            用于测试时观察各物理节点与虚拟节点的分布情况，如果指定了这个属性，会把虚拟节点的murmur hash值与物理节点的映射按行输出到这个文件，没有默认值，如果不指定，就不会输出任何东西 -->
    </function>

    <function name="crc32slot"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByCRC32PreSlot">
        <property name="count">2</property><!-- 要分片的数据库节点数量，必须指定，否则没法分片 -->
    </function>
    <function name="hash-int"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByFileMap">
        <property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int.txt</property>
    </function>
    <function name="rang-long"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
        <property name="mapFile">autopartition-long.txt</property>
    </function>
    

    <function name="func1" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByLong">
        <property name="partitionCount">8</property>
        <property name="partitionLength">128</property>
    </function>
    <function name="latestMonth"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.LatestMonthPartion">
        <property name="splitOneDay">24</property>
    </function>
    <function name="partbymonth"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMonth">
        <property name="dateFormat">yyyy-MM-dd</property>
        <property name="sBeginDate">2015-01-01</property>
    </function>
    
    <function name="rang-mod" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByRangeMod">
            <property name="mapFile">partition-range-mod.txt</property>
    </function>
    
    <function name="jump-consistent-hash" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByJumpConsistentHash">
        <property name="totalBuckets">3</property>
    </function>
</mycat:rule>

三、效果

1、db_user库users表

往mycat逻辑库db_user的逻辑表users插入数据，根据分片规则,userID取模，最后数据分别存在master  db_user users和slave db_user users中

分片规则：

schema.xml:
<schema name="db_user" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
        <table name="data_dictionary" type="global" dataNode="db_user_dataNode1,db_user_dataNode2" primaryKey="dataDictionaryID"/>
        <table name="users" dataNode="db_user_dataNode$1-2"  rule="mod-userID-long" primaryKey="userID">
            <childTable name="user_address"  joinKey="userID" parentKey="userID" primaryKey="addressID"/>
        </table>
</schema>


rule.xml
<tableRule name="mod-userID-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>userID</columns>
            <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
</tableRule>

<function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
        <!-- how many data nodes -->
        <property name="count">2</property>
</function>

1、mycat逻辑库db_user中逻辑表users

 2、master服务db_user库中users表

3、slave服务db_user库中users表

 2、db_user库data_dictionary表

数据字典表（data_dictionary）是全局表因此master、slave都会保存完整数据

1、mycat

2、master

3、slave

3、db_user库user_address表

用户地址表（user_address）是ER表，master、slave分别保存各自users对应的地址

1、mycat

2、master

3、slave