redis主从复制

Redis 是一个高性能的key-value数据库。 redis的出现，很大程度补偿了memcached这类keyvalue存储的不足，在部分场合可以对关系数据库起到很好的补充作用。它提供了Python，Ruby，Erlang，PHP客户端，使用很方便。

性能测试结果：

SET操作每秒钟 110000 次，GET操作每秒钟 81000 次，服务器配置如下：

Linux 2.6, Xeon X3320 2.5Ghz.

stackoverflow 网站使用 Redis 做为缓存服务器。

redis可以做一个主从复制的设置，见redis.conf

################################# REPLICATION #################################
# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.
#
# slaveof <masterip> <masterport> #主服务ip和端口

# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
# refuse the slave request.
#
# masterauth <master-password> #如果master设置了密码，slave需要进行认证

# When a slave loses its connection with the master, or when the replication
# is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways:
#
# 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the slave will
#    still reply to client requests, possibly with out of date data, or the
#    data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.
#
# 2) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'no' the slave will reply with
#    an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands
#    but to INFO and SLAVEOF.
#

#当slave失去与master的连接，或正在拷贝中，如果为yes，slave会响应客户端请求，数据可能不同步甚至没有数据，如果为no，slave会返回错误"SYNC with master in progress"

slave-serve-stale-data yes 

# You can configure a slave instance to accept writes or not. Writing against
# a slave instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data (because data
# written on a slave will be easily deleted after resync with the master) but
# may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a
# misconfiguration.
#
# Since Redis 2.6 by default slaves are read-only.
#
# Note: read only slaves are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients
# on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance.
# Still a read only slave exports by default all the administrative commands
# such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extend you can improve
# security of read only slaves using 'rename-command' to shadow all the
# administrative / dangerous commands.
slave-read-only yes #从服务器只读，不可写

# Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change
# this interval with the repl_ping_slave_period option. The default value is 10
# seconds.
#
# repl-ping-slave-period 10

# The following option sets a timeout for both Bulk transfer I/O timeout and
# master data or ping response timeout. The default value is 60 seconds.
#
# It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value
# specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected
# every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave.
#
# repl-timeout 60

# Disable TCP_NODELAY on the slave socket after SYNC?
#
# If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and
# less bandwidth to send data to slaves. But this can add a delay for
# the data to appear on the slave side, up to 40 milliseconds with
# Linux kernels using a default configuration.
#
# If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the slave side will
# be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication.
#
# By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions
# or when the master and slaves are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may
# be a good idea.
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no

# The slave priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO output.
# It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a slave to promote into a
# master if the master is no longer working correctly.
# A slave with a low priority number is considered better for promotion, so
# for instance if there are three slaves with priority 10, 100, 25 Sentinel will
# pick the one wtih priority 10, that is the lowest.
#
# However a special priority of 0 marks the slave as not able to perform the
# role of master, so a slave with priority of 0 will never be selected by
# Redis Sentinel for promotion.
#
# By default the priority is 100.
slave-priority 100 #如果master不能再正常工作，那么会在多个slave中，选择优先值最小的一个slave提升为master，优先值为0表示不能提升为master

看了上面的默认配置，其实也很容易理解，修改下就可以配置主从复制了，有 slaveof <masterip> <masterport> ，就成了从服务器 ，没有就是主服务器

主服务器，从服务器，配置一样，只不过 修改/etc/redis.conf 中 

slaveof 192.168.1.33 6379

然后开启从服务器的redis服务。

测试

#主服务器
redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world

#从服务器

redis-cli -p 6379 get hello
"world"

#主服务器
redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world2

#从服务器

redis-cli -p 6379 get hello
"world2"

redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world
(error) READONLY You can't write against a read only slave.

#成功 配置主从redis 服务器。好简单啊。

由于配置中有一条 从服务器 是只读的，所以从服务器 没法设置数据，只可以读取数据