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高性能RabbitMQ

1,什么是RabbitMq

RabbitMQ是实现了高级消息队列协议（AMQP）的开源消息代理软件（亦称面向消息的中间件）。RabbitMQ服务器是用Erlang语言编写的，而集群和故障转移是构建在开放电信平台框架上的。所有主要的编程语言均有与代理接口通讯的客户端库。

百度百科，RabbitMQ 官网 AMQP 协议

2,几种MQ对比

RabbitMQ 是用Erlang 语言进行开发的，一款设计之初就是抗高并发的语言

3,RabbitMQ 安装

1.下载并安装erlang,下载地址：http://www.erlang.org/download
2.配置erlang环境变量信息
  新增环境变量ERLANG_HOME=erlang的安装地址
  将%ERLANG_HOME%in加入到path中
3.下载并安装RabbitMQ，下载地址：http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html


注意: RabbitMQ 它依赖于Erlang,需要先安装Erlang。

RabbitMQ 管理平台地址 http://127.0.0.1:15672

默认账号:guest/guest 用户可以自己创建新的账号

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35098526/article/details/80009424 安装之后启动不了，可以在sbin 里面：

输入：rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management （先定位到rabbitmq安装目录）命令，出现plugins安装成功的提示。

过程：

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.950]
C:Program FilesRabbitMQ Server>
C:Program FilesRabbitMQ Server>cd rabbitmq_server-3.7.8
C:Program FilesRabbitMQ Server
abbitmq_server-3.7.8>cd  sbin
C:Program FilesRabbitMQ Server
abbitmq_server-3.7.8sbin>rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
Enabling plugins on node rabbit@DESKTOP-2MDM24J:
rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been configured:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@DESKTOP-2MDM24J...
The following plugins have been enabled:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch

started 3 plugins.

4,RabbitMQ 五种队列形式

1.点对点队列，也可以叫做简单队列

生产者投递的消息，每次只准一个消费者来消费，如果消费者集群的话，消息会被均摊。

例如：50 个消息，2个消费者，消费者1会消费奇数，消费者2会消费偶数，两个消费者不受影响，各自消费各自的消息

producer:

public class Producer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_simple_queue_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 3.创建队列声明
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            String msg = "Hello, World :" + i;
            System.out.println(msg);
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, msg.getBytes());
        }
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }

}

consumer1:

public class Consumer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_simple_queue_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        System.out.println("consumer1");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 3.创建队列声明
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msgString = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取消息:" + msgString);
            }
        };
        // 3.监听队列
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer); //true 代表采用自动签收的应答模式
    }

}

consumer2:

public class Consumer2 {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_simple_queue_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        System.out.println("consumer2");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 3.创建队列声明
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msgString = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取消息:" + msgString);
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(3000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        };
        // 3.监听队列
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer); //true 代表采用自动签收的应答模式
    }

}

2，工作队列模式，也可以叫做公平队列模式

点对点简单队列弊端：消费者集群的话，消息会被均摊处理，但是不同的消费者处理消息的能力是不同的，consumer1 每秒处理1个消息，consumer2 美妙处理3个消息，如果消息均摊，consumer1的效率则被浪费。

公平消费模式：谁处理的快，并且采用手动签收，告知RabbitMQ之后,RabbitMQ 再给分发消息。这样，谁处理的快，谁就会处理的多。

producer:

public class Producer {
    // 公平队列名称
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_fair_queue_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 创建队列声明
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 保证消费者只能取一个/每次
        channel.basicQos(1); //每次只给消费者1条消息，等消费完成，手动ack 应答之后，再给下一条
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            String msg = "Hello, World: " + i;
            System.out.println(msg);
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, msg.getBytes());
        }
        channel.close();
        connection.close();

    }

}

consumer1:

public class Consumer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_fair_queue_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        
        System.out.println("consumer01");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建通道
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 3.创建队列声明
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msgString = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取消息:" + msgString);
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(200); 
                } catch (Exception e) {
                } finally {
                    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
                }
            }
        };
        // 3.监听队列
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);    //false 代表使用手动消息应答，需要使用channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false) 告知消息中间件
    }

}

consumer2:

public class Consumer2 {
    
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_fair_queue_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        System.out.println("consumer02");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建通道
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 3.创建队列声明
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msgString = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取消息:" + msgString);
                try {
                     Thread.sleep(1000); //让这个消费者处理消息的能力更差一点
                } catch (Exception e) {
                } finally {
                    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
                }
            }
        };
        // 3.监听队列
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
    }

}

3，发布订阅模式，采用fanout 扇形交换机，

高级队列模式中，有交换机，生产者将消息发给交换机，在根据交换机的类型，发给定的的队列，然后发给指定的消费者消费

producer:

public class Producer {

    // 定义交换机名称
    private static final  String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_pubsub_exchanger_one";
    // 定义交换机类型
    private static final  String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "fanout";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 和rabbitmq 建立连接
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 创建交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);
        
        String message = "pub/sub";
        
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes());
        
        channel.close();
        
        connection.close();

    }

}

邮件消费者：

ublic class EmailConsumer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_pubsub_email_queue_one";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_pubsub_exchanger_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        
        System.out.println("邮件消费者。。。");

        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 定义队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 将队列和交换机进行绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取生产者消息 :" + msg);
            }
        };
        // 消费者监听队列消息  true 代表自动签收
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }

}

短信消费者：

// 信息消费者
public class TextConsumer {
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_pubsub_text_queue_one";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_pubsub_exchanger_one";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        
        System.out.println("短信消费者。。。");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 定义队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 将队列和交换机进行绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取生产者消息 :" + msg);
            }
        };
        // 消费者监听队列消息  true 代表自动签收
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }

}

4，路由模式：采用direct 交换机

producer:

public class Producer {
    // 定义交换机名称
    private static final  String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_direct_exchanger_one";
    // 定义交换机类型
    private static final  String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "direct";
    // 定义路由
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY = "info";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 和rabbitmq 建立连接
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 创建交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);
        
        String message = "pub/sub";
        
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY, null, message.getBytes());
        
        channel.close();
        
        connection.close();

    }

}

邮件消费者：

public class EmailConsumer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_direct_email_queue_one";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_direct_exchanger_one";
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY_INFO = "info";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        
        System.out.println("邮件消费者。。。");

        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 定义队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 将队列和交换机进行绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY_INFO);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取生产者消息 :" + msg);
            }
        };
        // 消费者监听队列消息  true 代表自动签收
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }

}

短信消费者：

public class TextConsumer {
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_direct_text_queue_one";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_direct_exchanger_one";
    // 设定路由
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY_INFO = "info";
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY_WARN = "warn";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {

        System.out.println("短信消费者。。。");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 定义队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 将队列和交换机进行绑定 绑定路由
        //info 和  warn 路由的都能接收到
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY_INFO);

        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY_WARN);
        
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取生产者消息 :" + msg);
            }
        };
        // 消费者监听队列消息 true 代表自动签收
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }

}

5，通配符模式，采用topic 交换机 # 代表任意 * 代表一个

producer:

public class Producer {

    // 定义交换机名称
    private static final  String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_topic_exchanger_one";
    // 定义交换机类型
    private static final  String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "topic";
    // 定义路由
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY = "routingkey.info.error.warn";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 和rabbitmq 建立连接
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        // 创建channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 创建交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);
        
        String message = "pub/sub";
        
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY, null, message.getBytes());
        
        channel.close();
        
        connection.close();

    }

}

邮件消费者：

public class EmailConsumer {

    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_topic_email_queue_one";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_topic_exchanger_one";
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY = "routingkey.#";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        
        System.out.println("邮件消费者。。。");

        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 定义队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 将队列和交换机进行绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取生产者消息 :" + msg);
            }
        };
        // 消费者监听队列消息  true 代表自动签收
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }

}

短信消费者：

public class TextConsumer {
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq_topic_text_queue_one";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "rabbitmq_topic_exchanger_one";
    private static final String ROUTINGKEY = "routingkey.info.*";
    // 设定路由

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        System.out.println("短信消费者。。。");
        Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 定义队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 将队列和交换机进行绑定 绑定路由
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTINGKEY);

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println("消费者获取生产者消息 :" + msg);
            }
        };
        // 消费者监听队列消息 true 代表自动签收
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }

}

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/pickKnow/p/11424006.html