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  • .NET Core在类库中读取配置文件appsettings.json

      在.NET Framework框架时代我们的应用配置内容一般都是写在Web.config或者App.config文件中,读取这两个配置文件只需要引用System.Configuration程序集,分别用

    System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SystemName"];//读取appSettings配置
    System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DBConnectionStr"];//读取connectionStrings配置

    读取配置文件和数据库链接。

      

      现在我们终于迎来.NET Core时代,越来越多的应用被迁移至.NET Core框架下,.NET Core2.0发布以后,.NET Core更加成熟了,原本在.NET Framework框才有的类库.NET Core也基本全部实现,并有增强。因此小菜我也已经准备好加入.NET Core大军中,所以小菜我最近开始修炼.NET Core大法。

      

      欲铸剑,必先打铁,我要一步步来,读取配置文件是一个应用中必不可少的,先弄清怎么读取配置文件,.NET Core配置文件为appsettings.json,为了满足在各个不同类中都能便捷的读取appsettings.json中的配置,所以我需要将读取appsettings.json封装到类库中。在Startup中读取就不说了,在类库中实现读取怎么玩儿?直接上代码,appsettings.json文件内容如下:

    {
      "Logging": {
        "IncludeScopes": false,
        "LogLevel": {
          "Default": "Warning"
        }
      },
      "ConnectionStrings": {
        "CxyOrder": "Server=LAPTOP-AQUL6MDE\\MSSQLSERVERS;Database=CxyOrder;User ID=sa;Password=123456;Trusted_Connection=False;"
      },
      "Appsettings": {
        "SystemName": "PDF .NET CORE",
        "Date": "2017-07-23",
        "Author": "PDF"
      },
      "ServiceUrl": "https://www.baidu.com/getnews"
    }

    建一个项目名称为NetCoreOrder.Common的类库项目,并给该类库项目引入 Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration 和 Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json程序包,类库中加载appsettings.json配置文件代码如下:

    using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
    using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json;
    
    namespace NetCore.Common
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 读取配置文件
        /// </summary>
        public class AppConfigurtaionServices
        {
            public static IConfiguration Configuration { get; set; }
            static AppConfigurtaionServices()
            {
                //ReloadOnChange = true 当appsettings.json被修改时重新加载            
                Configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .Add(new JsonConfigurationSource { Path = "appsettings.json", ReloadOnChange = true })
                //根据环境变量读取配置
                //Add(new JsonConfigurationSource { Path = $"appsettings.{System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT")}.json", ReloadOnChange = true })
                .Build();
            }
            /// <summary> 
            /// 通过强类型绑定读取配置 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <typeparam name="Entity">要绑定的类型</typeparam> 
            /// <param name="keyPath">配置文件路径</param> 
            /// <returns>绑定的类</returns> 
            public static Entity GetSectionObject<Entity>(string keyPath = null) where Entity : new()
            {
                var entity = new Entity();
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(keyPath))
                {
                    //将appsettings.json全部配置绑定到模型  
                    Configuration.Bind(entity);
                }
                else
                {
                    //将指定路径下的配置项绑定到模型 
                    var section = Configuration.GetSection(keyPath);
                    section.Bind(entity);
                }
                return entity;
            }
        }
    }

    A.读取配置文件的代码完成了,只要引用了NetCoreOrder.Common类库的项目中都能方便读取数据库链接字符串和其他配置,使用方法如下:

    AppConfigurtaionServices.Configuration.GetConnectionString("CxyOrder"); 
    //得到 Server=LAPTOP-AQUL6MDE\\MSSQLSERVERS;Database=CxyOrder;User ID=sa;Password=123456;Trusted_Connection=False;

    读取一级配置节点配置

    AppConfigurtaionServices.Configuration["ServiceUrl"];
    //得到 https://www.baidu.com/getnews

    读取二级子节点配置

    AppConfigurtaionServices.Configuration["Appsettings:SystemName"];
    //得到 PDF .NET CORE
    AppConfigurtaionServices.Configuration["Appsettings:Author"];
    //得到 PDF

    B.通过强类型读取Appsettings节点的配置值

    增加模型类

    public class Appsettings
    {
      public string SystemName { get; set; }
      public DateTime Date { get; set; }
      public string Author { get; set; }
    }
    
    public class ConnectionStrings
    {
      public string CxyOrder { get; set; }
    }
    
    public class AppsettingConfig
    {
      public ConnectionStrings ConnectionStrings { get; set; }
    
      public Appsettings Appsettings { get; set; }
    
      public string ServiceUrl { get; set; }
    }

    强类型读取配置值

    using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
    using NetCore.Common;
    using System;
    
    namespace NetCore.Controllers
    {
        [ApiController]
        [Route("/")]
        public class HelloNetCoreController : ControllerBase
        {
    
            [HttpGet("/getconfig")]
            public ActionResult GetConfig()
            {
                //读取Appsettings节点配置
                var config = AppConfigurtaionServices.GetSectionObject<Appsettings>("Appsettings");
                return new JsonResult(config);
                //返回:{"systemName":"PDF .NET CORE","date":"2017-07-23T00:00:00","author":"PDF"}
            }
    
            [HttpGet("/getAllConfig")]
            public ActionResult GetAllConfig()
            {
                //读取整个配置文件的配置
                var config = AppConfigurtaionServices.GetSectionObject<AppsettingConfig>();
                return new JsonResult(config);
                //返回:{"connectionStrings":{"cxyOrder":"Server=LAPTOP-AQUL6MDE\\MSSQLSERVERS;Database=CxyOrder;User ID=sa;Password=123456;Trusted_Connection=False;"},"appsettings":{"systemName":"PDF .NET CORE","date":"2017-07-23T00:00:00","author":"PDF"},"serviceUrl":"https://www.baidu.com/getnews"}
            }
        }
    }

      注意,如果AppConfigurtaionServices类中抛出FileNotFoundException异常,说明目录下未找到appsettings.json文件,这时请在项目appsettings.json文件上右键——属性——将“复制到输出目录”项的值改为“始终复制”即可。

    小菜笔记,若有不妥,望指正!

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/pudefu/p/7580722.html
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