以s结尾和以ed结尾的发音
以s结尾
The -s ending is pronounced three ways, according to the ending of the verb.
/iz/
Where
after -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -z endings.
Example
teaches, washes, kisses, boxes, buzzes
/s/
Where
after voiceless endings: p, t, k, or f.
Example
stops, hits, looks, laughs
/z/
Where
after voiced consonant endings.
以发音的辅音为结尾Examples
calls, listens, plays, sounds, runs
以ed结尾
The -ed ending is pronounced three ways, according to the ending of the verb.
/id/
Where
after -d and -t endings.
Examples
needed, insisted, waited, wanted
/t/
Where
after voiceless endings.
Examples
boxed, helped, looked, watched, washed
/d/
Where
after voiced endings.
Examples
carried, breathed, called, climbed, played, listened
参考文献
#1
书名: Mosaic1-Grammar 4th Edition
作者: Patricia K.Werner/Lou Spaventa
章节: Chapter1 - New Challenges
页码: p17