Nginx动静分离经典案例配置

配置Nginx：

  这里鉴于我的51CTO博客已经有Tomcat安装和配置了，这里忽略，只配置Nginx。

#进入Nginx应用目录

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

#备份原nginx.conf文件

mv  nginx.conf  nginx.bak

创建 vi nginx.conf ，并写入如下内容:

user www www;
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 102400;
}
http
{
  include       mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;
  fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
  charset  utf-8;
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 4k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 300m;
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush     on;
  keepalive_timeout 60;
  tcp_nodelay on;
  client_body_buffer_size  512k;
  proxy_connect_timeout    5;
  proxy_read_timeout       60;
  proxy_send_timeout       5;
  proxy_buffer_size        16k;
  proxy_buffers            4 64k;
  proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length  1k;
  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;
###2012-12-19 change nginx logs
log_format  main  '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent"  $request_time $remote_addr';
#这里为后端服务器wugk应用集群配置，根据后端实际情况修改即可，tdt_wugk为负载均衡名称，可以任意指定
#但必须跟vhosts.conf虚拟主机的pass段一致，否则不能转发后端的请求。
upstream tdt_wugk {
    server   10.10.141.30:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.30:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.31:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.31:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.32:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.32:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
}
#这里为后端APP应用负载均衡配置，根据后端实际情况修改即可。tdt_app为负载均衡名称，可以任意指定
upstream tdt_app {
    server   10.10.141.40:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.40:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.41:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.41:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.42:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
    server   10.10.141.42:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
}
#include引用vhosts.conf，该文件主要用于配置Nginx 虚拟主机
include vhosts.conf;
}

如上nginx.conf配置完毕,继续配置nginx虚拟主机，继续在当前目录创建vhosts.conf

  vi vhosts.conf 内容如下：

####www.wuguangke.cn
server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.wuguangke.cn;
    index index.html index.htm;
#配置发布目录为/data/www/wugk
    root  /data/www/wugk;
    location /
    {
         proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
         proxy_set_header Host  $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk;
         expires      3d;
    }
#动态页面交给http://tdt_wugk，也即我们之前在nginx.conf定义的upstream tdt_wugk 均衡
    location ~ .*.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
    {
         proxy_set_header Host  $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk;
    }
#配置Nginx动静分离，定义的静态页面直接从Nginx发布目录读取。
    location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
    {
    root /data/www/wugk;
    #expires定义用户浏览器缓存的时间为3天，如果静态页面不常更新，可以设置更长，这样可以节省带宽和缓解服务器的压力
    expires      3d;
    }
#定义Nginx输出日志的路径
    access_log  /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main;
    error_log   /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log  crit;
}
##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com 2012-12-19
  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  chinaapp.sinaapp.com;
    index index.html index.htm;
    root  /data/www;
    location /
    {
         proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
         proxy_set_header Host  $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         proxy_pass http://tdt_app;
         expires      3d;
    }
    location ~ .*.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
    {
         proxy_set_header Host  $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         proxy_pass http://tdt_app;
    }
    location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
    {
    root /data/www/app;
    expires      3d;
    }
    access_log  /data/logs/nginx_app/access.log main;
    error_log   /data/logs/nginx_app/error.log  crit;
}

四、部署测试：

  后端配置好Tomcat服务，并启动，发布的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www对应的目录，因为配置动静分离后，用户请求你定义的静态页面，默认会去nginx的发布目录请求，而不会到后端请求，所以这时候你要保证后端跟前端的程序保持一致，可以使用Rsync做服务端自动同步或者使用NFS、MFS分布式共享存储。

 

#检查Nginx配置文件是否配置正确，提示Ok and successful表示正确，如下：
[root@WEB-11-151 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
#启动Nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#查看Nginx进程是否启动
ps -ef |grep nginx