在LINUX中我们可以使用这种简单的方式让node.js在后台运行：
nohup node your_app.js &
forever可以让我们做得更好，并且可以跨平台的在windows和Linux下都能运行。
forever的安装：
npm install forever -g
forever的用法：
使用forever启动守护进程：
forever start your_app.js
关闭守护进程：
forever stop your_app.js
重启守护进程：：
forever restart your_app.js
如果需要记录输出日志和错误：
forever start -l forever.log -o out.log -e err.log your_app.js
查看正在运行的程序：
forever list
查看forever帮助
forever -h
help: usage: forever [action] [options] SCRIPT [script-options]
help:
help: Monitors the script specified in the current process or as a daemon
help:
help: actions:
help: start Start SCRIPT as a daemon
help: stop Stop the daemon SCRIPT by Id|Uid|Pid|Index|Script
help: stopall Stop all running forever scripts
help: restart Restart the daemon SCRIPT
help: restartall Restart all running forever scripts
help: list List all running forever scripts
help: config Lists all forever user configuration
help: set <key> <val> Sets the specified forever config <key>
help: clear <key> Clears the specified forever config <key>
help: logs Lists log files for all forever processes
help: logs <script|index> Tails the logs for <script|index>
help: columns add <col> Adds the specified column to the output in `forever list`
help: columns rm <col> Removed the specified column from the output in `forever list`
help: columns set <cols> Set all columns for the output in `forever list`
help: columns reset Resets all columns to defaults for the output in `forever list`
help: cleanlogs [CAREFUL] Deletes all historical forever log files
help:
help: options:
help: -m MAX Only run the specified script MAX times
help: -l LOGFILE Logs the forever output to LOGFILE
help: -o OUTFILE Logs stdout from child script to OUTFILE
help: -e ERRFILE Logs stderr from child script to ERRFILE
help: -p PATH Base path for all forever related files (pid files, etc.)
help: -c COMMAND COMMAND to execute (defaults to node)
help: -a, --append Append logs
help: -f, --fifo Stream logs to stdout
help: -n, --number Number of log lines to print
help: --pidFile The pid file
help: --uid Process uid, useful as a namespace for processes (must wrap in a string)
help: e.g. forever start --uid "production" app.js
help: forever stop production
help: --sourceDir The source directory for which SCRIPT is relative to
help: --workingDir The working directory in which SCRIPT will execute
help: --minUptime Minimum uptime (millis) for a script to not be considered "spinning"
help: --spinSleepTime Time to wait (millis) between launches of a spinning script.
help: --colors --no-colors will disable output coloring
help: --plain alias of --no-colors
help: -d, --debug Forces forever to log debug output
help: -v, --verbose Turns on the verbose messages from Forever
help: -s, --silent Run the child script silencing stdout and stderr
help: -w, --watch Watch for file changes
help: --watchDirectory Top-level directory to watch from
help: --watchIgnore To ignore pattern when watch is enabled (multiple option is allowed)
help: --killSignal Support exit signal customization (default is SIGKILL)
help: used for restarting script gracefully e.g. --killSignal=SIGTERM
help: -h, --help You're staring at it
help:
help: [Long Running Process]
help: The forever process will continue to run outputting log messages to the console.
help: ex. forever -o out.log -e err.log my-script.js
help:
help: [Daemon]
help: The forever process will run as a daemon which will make the target process start
help: in the background. This is extremely useful for remote starting simple node.js scripts
help: without using nohup. It is recommended to run start with -o -l, & -e.
help: ex. forever start -l forever.log -o out.log -e err.log my-daemon.js
help: forever stop my-daemon.js
forever命令行的中文解释
子命令actions：
- start:启动守护进程
- stop:停止守护进程
- stopall:停止所有的forever进程
- restart:重启守护进程
- restartall:重启所有的foever进程
- list:列表显示forever进程
- config:列出所有的用户配置项
- set <key> <val>: 设置用户配置项
- clear <key>: 清楚用户配置项
- logs: 列出所有forever进程的日志
- logs <script|index>: 显示最新的日志
- columns add <col>: 自定义指标到forever list
- columns rm <col>: 删除forever list的指标
- columns set<cols>: 设置所有的指标到forever list
- cleanlogs: 删除所有的forever历史日志
配置参数options：
- -m MAX: 运行指定脚本的次数
- -l LOGFILE: 输出日志到LOGFILE
- -o OUTFILE: 输出控制台信息到OUTFILE
- -e ERRFILE: 输出控制台错误在ERRFILE
- -p PATH: 根目录
- -c COMMAND: 执行命令，默认是node
- -a, –append: 合并日志
- -f, –fifo: 流式日志输出
- -n, –number: 日志打印行数
- –pidFile: pid文件
- –sourceDir: 源代码目录
- –minUptime: 最小spinn更新时间(ms)
- –spinSleepTime: 两次spin间隔时间
- –colors: 控制台输出着色
- –plain: –no-colors的别名，控制台输出无色
- -d, –debug: debug模式
- -v, –verbose: 打印详细输出
- -s, –silent: 不打印日志和错误信息
- -w, –watch: 监控文件改变
- –watchDirectory: 监控顶级目录
- –watchIgnore: 通过模式匹配忽略监控
- -h, –help: 命令行帮助信息
转载：http://www.itkubo.com/201310293.html