如何用Eclipse将普通的JavaWeb项目转为Maven项目

　　最新自己的第一个项目差不多稳定运行之后 想着将项目转为Maven项目。于是参考网上成功的将自己的普通的项目转为了maven项目，现在记录一下:

0.普通的java项目的结构如下:

1.接下来开始进行正式转换:

选中项目右键-->configure-->Convert to  Maven Project ,弹出如下图的框:

点击“Finish”后获取会报错误，我们先不用管。如果pom.xml报错了的话，把里面的build标签删掉即可。接下来，把src中的文件拷贝出来，存起来，然后把src删掉。

选中项目，右键-->New-->Source Folder,如图：

点击“Finish”。以此类推，分别建立：src/main/resources，src/test/java,src/test/resources，这几个资源包是maven项目所必须的。

然后，我们把刚刚拷贝出去的src下的文件，拷贝回来，放置在src/main/java下，当然，这里的文件肯定是Java文件，如果是配置文件的话，放置在src/main/resources下。

例如我用的dao框架是mybatis框架，结构如下:

　　接下来，在src/main目录下新建webapp目录（注意：这里的src/main不是上边所建立的source folder，而是转为maven项目时自动生成的目录），把WebContent下的文件拷贝到webapp下，并删除WebContent。

在eclipse中删除此工程，注意不是物理删除，千万不要选择delete project contents from disk。工程删除后再重新使用Maven方式导入。

　　然后，选中项目，右键-->build Path,按照下图进行配置：

 据需要可对jdk等进行配置，最终目录结构如下：

 到此maven结构就搭建好了，剩下就是把项目的包导进去(配置pom.xml)

运行测试:

 最终我的Spring3.2.0+Struts2.3.24+Mybatis3.2.7的pom.xml的配置:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>Exam</groupId>
    <artifactId>Exam</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name />
    <description />

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <struts.version>2.3.24.1</struts.version>
        <struts.javassist.version>3.12.1.GA</struts.javassist.version>
        <spring.version>3.2.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.7</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.1</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.37</mysql.version>
        <tomcat.version>8.0.45</tomcat.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
        <aspectj.version>1.6.10</aspectj.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <!-- struts2 依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>${struts.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>${struts.javassist.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${struts.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-json-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${struts.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring 依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
            <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mybatis 依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cglib</groupId>
            <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- myql 依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- aspectj 依赖包 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>${aspectj.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> 
            <version>${aspectj.version}</version> </dependency> -->
        <!-- slf4j 依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 测试 -->
        <!-- <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
            <version>${junit.version}</version> </dependency> -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- 调试过程中自己加的包依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0-rc1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.0-rc1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--S jstl依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--E jstl依赖 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.16</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--jxl -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.jexcelapi</groupId>
            <artifactId>jxl</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--json-lib -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>
        <!-- gson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- jsoup -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--iText -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId>
            <artifactId>itext</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>itextpdf</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.lowagie</groupId>
            <artifactId>itextasian</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- shiro相关包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
            <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Tomcat -->
        <!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId> 
            <version>${tomcat.version}</version> </dependency> -->

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <!-- 配置了很多插件 -->
        <plugins>
            <!-- 编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- tomcat插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>80</port>
                    <path>/Exam</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

 总结:

　中间遇到一些问题:

　　(1)itextasian的包在maven的仓库找不见:解决办法参考http://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/8385424.html

 　　(2)json-lib包出错: 解决办法参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/8380063.html

 　　(3)转为maven项目编译出现错误:“非法字符： 65279....  解决办法参考http://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/8386130.html

 　　(4)Target runtime Apache Tomcat 6.0 is not defined,解决办法:http://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/8386171.html