提问地址：
Searching just by name or the combination of names （2014/01/20）
We have use the web application to cite Medline Plus searching result page in our application, and it works well. As I know that the Medline Plus is searching by code of problem or medication or laboratory test, could I have possible to use Medline Plus to search resources based on the combination of Diagnostic and Therapeutic information? I mean just search by string, e.g., problem name or medication name or the combination of the both?
Linking to MedlinePlus
You are welcome to link to MedlinePlus (http://medlineplus.gov/) and to any of its health topic pages. Please indicate that the link is to MedlinePlus.gov.
We recommend that you link to:
- the MedlinePlus homepage (http://medlineplus.gov/)
- MedlinePlus en español (http://medlineplus.gov/spanish/)
When you see the Share button on a MedlinePlus page, you may use it to link to that page in your individual social networks.
You may also link to any of the widgets and buttons provided by MedlinePlus. Visit the MedlinePlus widgets and buttons page to find instructions on how to embed MedlinePlus HTML code in your own Web sites.
MedlinePlus provides XML data via its Web service and XML files. These services are designed for use by developers, and they allow you to easily display, customize, and repurpose MedlinePlus data. If you want to link patients or healthcare providers from electronic health record (EHR) systems to relevant MedlinePlus information, use MedlinePlus Connect. You are welcome to link to and display the data provided by these services. Please observe the general guidelines for NLM APIs regarding the use of NLM data and logos.
You can use the following text to describe MedlinePlus:
MedlinePlus directs you to information to help answer health questions. MedlinePlus brings together authoritative information from NLM, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations. MedlinePlus also contains extensive information about drugs and supplements, an illustrated medical encyclopedia, interactive tutorials, the latest health news, and surgery videos.
How not to link to MedlinePlus
The National Library of Medicine licenses material expressly for use on MedlinePlus. This material is copyrighted. You may not systematically link to any of the copyrighted material found on MedlinePlus.
Do not systematically link to:
- the A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia, including http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html
- individual news stories and videos – HealthDay stories and videos expire after 90 days
- individual tutorials from the Patient Education Institute
- individual drug monographs from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
- individual herb and supplement monographs from Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database
- individual surgery videos from ORLive
Do not link directly to any of the pages listed above in any way other than through the Share button, e-mail for individual use, or via MedlinePlus APIs such as MedlinePlus Connect.
You may not frame or manipulate web addresses (URLs) so that MedlinePlus pages appear on a URL other than www.nlm.nih.gov or medlineplus.gov. You may not give the impression or create the illusion that MedlinePlus pages are under another domain name or location.
The MedlinePlus RSS feeds are for personal use only. They may contain licensed content and, therefore, NLM cannot grant you permission to use the MedlinePlus RSS feeds on your web site or information services.
For more information on copyrighted materials on MedlinePlus, please see our copyright FAQ.
Implementing MedlinePlus Connect
MedlinePlus Connect: Technical Information
Web Application
The MedlinePlus Connect Web application responds to requests with an on-demand, formatted MedlinePlus Connect Web page. This page provides some basic information and links before the patient goes to the full MedlinePlus page(s).
- See the implementation details on the MedlinePlus Connect Web Application page.
- For examples of MedlinePlus Connect response pages, visit the Web application demonstration.
Web Service
Using the MedlinePlus Connect Web service, a patient portal or EHR may select which MedlinePlus links and information to provide from within the system instead of automatically providing a link to the standard MedlinePlus Connect response page.
- See the implementation details on the MedlinePlus Connect Web Service page.
- To see examples of responses generated by the Web service, visit the Web service demonstration.
Availability
MedlinePlus Connect allows any health data system, including patient portals, patient health record (PHR) systems, and electronic health record (EHR) systems to link to MedlinePlus information using standard clinical vocabularies.
- A PHR or EHR vendor may activate MedlinePlus Connect at an enterprise level so it is available to all users.
- Health IT managers, such as at hospital systems or health care providers, may implement MedlinePlus Connect in their system if they have the administrative rights to make these adjustments.
See our list of some MedlinePlus Connect users.
Acceptable Use Policy
In order to avoid overloading the MedlinePlus servers, NLM requires that users of MedlinePlus Connect send no more than 100 requests per minute per IP address. Requests that exceed this limit will not be serviced, and service will not be restored until the request rate falls beneath the limit. To limit the number of requests that you send to MedlinePlus Connect, NLM recommends caching results for a 12-24 hour period. This policy is in place to ensure that the service remains available and accessible to all users.
If you have a specific use case that requires you to send a large number of requests to MedlinePlus Connect, and thus exceed the request rate limit outlined in this policy, please contact us. NLM staff will evaluate your request and determine if an exception may be granted.
More Information
- MedlinePlus Connect overview
- Web application demonstration
- Web service demonstration
- MedlinePlus Connect email list
In addition to MedlinePlus Connect, NLM also provides XML files and a keyword query-based Web service as additional sources of MedlinePlus data in XML format. For more information on how to link to MedlinePlus content, please see our guidelines and instructions on linking.
MedlinePlus Connect: Web Application
MedlinePlus Connect is available as a Web application or Web service. Below are the technical details for implementing the Web service, which responds to requests based on:
- diagnosis (problem) codes
- medication codes,
- and lab test codes.
If you decide to use MedlinePlus Connect, sign up for the email list to keep up with developments and exchange ideas with your colleagues. Please tell us if you implement MedlinePlus Connect by contacting us. You are welcome to link to and display the data provided by MedlinePlus Connect. For more information on how to link to MedlinePlus content outside of this service, please see our guidelines and instructions on linking.
Web Application Overview
The API for the Web application conforms to the HL7 Context-Aware Knowledge Retrieval (Infobutton) Knowledge Request URL-Based Implementation specification. The structure of the request indicates what type of code you are sending. In all cases, the base URL for the Web application is:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm
MedlinePlus Connect works over HTTP or HTTPS.
Requests for Diagnosis (Problem) Codes
MedlinePlus Connect matches ICD-9-CM or SNOMED CT codes to related MedlinePlus topic pages of consumer health information. For example, a patient diagnosed with Asthma, ICD-9-CM code 493.12, could be presented a link in an electronic health record that is called: 493.12 Extrinsic asthma with exacerbation. Some SNOMED CT requests may also produce responses from Genetics Home Reference (GHR). Currently these GHR links are available only for English SNOMED CT requests.
If the patient portal or EHR is using MedlinePlus Connect, that text could be linked. Clicking on the link brings the user to a MedlinePlus Connect response page displaying up to three MedlinePlus topic summaries and selected links, if available. From that page, a user may continue to the complete MedlinePlus health topic page, or to any of the individual links on the response page.
For requests
by problem, the base URL of the application is:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm
This link displays a page with an empty search box. There are two required parameters for any query to this application:
- Identify the problem code system you will be using, either ICD-9-CM or SNOMED CT.
For ICD-9-CM use:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.103
MedlinePlus Connect will also accept:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.2
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.42
For SNOMED CT use:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96
- Identify the actual code that you are trying to look up:
mainSearchCriteria.v.c=250.33
Optional Parameters
Identify the name/title of the problem code. Sending no code will result in a query to the MedlinePlus search engine. If you specify a code and the name/title of the code, but MedlinePlus Connect has no results, the response page will display a MedlinePlus search box prepopulated with the name/title.
mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Diabetes mellitus with other coma type 1 uncontrolled
Identify if
you would like the request to be in English or Spanish. MedlinePlus Connect
will assume English is the language if it is not specified.
If you wish the response to the problem code
lookup to be in Spanish, use:
informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es (=sp also accepted)
To specify English, use the following:
informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
Examples of Requests for Problem Codes
A complete request for Diabetes Mellitus with other coma type 1 uncontrolled, ICD-9 code 250.33, for a Spanish speaking patient would have the following URL address:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.103&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=250.33&mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Diabetes%20mellitus%20with%20other%20coma%20type%201%20uncontrolled&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es
A patient diagnosed with "Pneumonia due to Pseudomonas" using SNOMED CT code 41381004:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=41381004&mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Pneumonia%20due%20to%20Pseudomonas%20%28disorder%29&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
A freeform query, with no code system or problem code, will use the MedlinePlus search engine (English only):
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Type+2+Diabetes
Requests for Drug Information
MedlinePlus Connect provides the best drug information matches when receiving an RXCUI. It also provides good results when receiving an NDC code. MedlinePlus Connect can provide responses to medication code requests in English or Spanish and will return a link to a results page with the best matches from the MedlinePlus drug information.
For requests for English medication information, if you do not send an NDC or RXCUI code or if we find no match based on the code, we will use the text string that you send to display the best drug information match. For requests for Spanish medication information, MedlinePlus Connect responds only to NDCs or RXCUIs; it does not use text strings. It is possible to have a response in English but no response in Spanish.
There may be multiple responses to one medication request. There may not always be a match for each request. If MedlinePlus Connect finds a null response for a drug request, the program displays a search box for the MedlinePlus site. A user can type in a drug name and may get a good response.
For requests for drug information, the base URL is:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm
Requests for English and Spanish medication information have different requirements. To send a request, include these pieces of information:
- Identify the type of medication code you are sending. (Required for English and Spanish)
For RXCUI use:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.88
For NDC use:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.69
- Identify the actual code you are trying to look up. (Preferred for English, Required for Spanish)
mainSearchCriteria.v.c=637188
- Identify the name of the drug with a text string. (Optional for English, Not used for Spanish)
mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Chantix 0.5 MG Oral Tablet
For English requests, you should identify at a minimum the code system and the code, or the code system and the name of the drug. Send all three for best results for English requests. For Spanish requests, you should identity the code system and the code.
Optional Parameters
When sending a request for English information, you may include the optional parameter of the name of the medication. This is detailed in the above section. This parameter is not used for Spanish requests.
Identify if you would like the request to be in
English or Spanish. MedlinePlus Connect will assume English is the language if
it is not specified.
If you wish the response to the medication code
lookup to be in Spanish, use:
informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es (=sp also accepted)
To specify English, use the following:
informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
Examples of Requests for Drug Codes
Your drug information request should look like one of the following.
To request information by an RXCUI, your request should look like this:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.88&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=%20637188%20&mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Chantix%200.5%20MG%20Oral%20Tablet&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
To request information by an NDC for a Spanish speaker, your request should look like this:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.69&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=%2000310-0751-39&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es
To send a text string without a medication code, you must identify your query as an NDC-type request so MedlinePlus Connect knows you are looking for medication information. This will work for English only. Your request could look like this:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.69&mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Chantix%200.5%20MG%20Oral%20Tablet&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
Requests for Lab Test Information
MedlinePlus Connect provides matches to laboratory test information when receiving a LOINC request. MedlinePlus Connect can provide responses to lab test requests in English or Spanish and will return a link to a results page with the best matches from the MedlinePlus lab test information.
For requests for lab test information, the base URL is:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm
These are two required parameters for any lab test query to this application:
- Identify that you are using the LOINC code system.
For LOINC use:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.1
MedlinePlus Connect will also accept:
mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.11.79
- Identify the actual code you are trying to look up.
mainSearchCriteria.v.c=3187-2
Optional Parameters
Identify the name/title of the lab test. However, this information does not impact the response. dd>mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Factor IX assay
Identify if you
would like the request to be in English or Spanish. MedlinePlus Connect will
assume English is the language if it is not specified.
If you wish the response to the problem code
lookup to be in Spanish, use:
informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es (=sp also accepted)
To specify English, use the following:
informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
A freeform query, with no code system or lab code, will use the MedlinePlus search engine. This approach is more effective with diagnoses (see the problem code information above) instead of lab test text strings. Your lab test information request should look like one of the following.
Examples of Requests for Lab Tests
To request information for an English speaker, your request may look like one of the following:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.1&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=3187-2&mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Factor%20IX%20assay&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.1&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=3187-2&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=en
To request information for a Spanish speaker, your request may look like one of the following:
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.1&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=3187-2&mainSearchCriteria.v.dn=Factor%20IX%20assay&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es
http://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm?mainSearchCriteria.v.cs=2.16.840.1.113883.6.1&mainSearchCriteria.v.c=3187-2&informationRecipient.languageCode.c=es