本文原创，欢迎转载。转载请在文章明显可见处张贴如下内容：（注意：请保留超链接格式）
本文为Rainisic原创，欢迎转载，转载请在文章明显可见处张贴原帖信息：
http://www.cnblogs.com/rainisic/archive/2012/05/18/mysql_5_5_install.html
MySQL Generic Binaries下载
下载地址：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
Select Platform 选择 Linux - Generic，下载最下面的Linux - Generic 2.6 (x86, 64-bit), Compressed TAR Archive
MySQL安装
解压缩MySQL Generic Binaries
shell> tar zxvf mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/software/develop/ shell> cd /opt/software/develop/ shell> mv mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql-5.5.24
创建MySQL用户及用户组
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql
创建MySQL软链接
shell> ln -s /opt/software/develop/mysql-5.5.24 /usr/local/mysql
进入MySQL目录并设置目录权限
shell> cd mysql-5.5.24 shell> chown -R root . shell> chown -R mysql data shell> chgrp -R mysql .
运行脚本，初始化数据库
shell> ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
如果提示中出现缺少libaio依赖的提示，请安装libaio和libaio-devel，安装如下：
shell> yum install libaio libaio-devel
如果提示OK，并显示需要设置密码，则证明安装成功，接下来就是配置的部分啦～
MySQL配置
从support-files中选择适合自己的配置文件
根据系统内存进行配置文件选择：
| 配置文件 | 对应内存需求 |
|---|---|
| my-small.cnf | <=64M（仅运行MySQL） |
| my-medium.cnf | 32M ~ 64M |
| my-large.cnf | 512M |
| my-huge.cnf | 1G ~ 2G |
根据上表选择合适的 MySQL 配置文件，拷贝到 /etc/my.cnf ，在此我使用 large 配置
shell> cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
对 my.cnf 进行配置，此处将我的 my.cnf 当作附件贴在最后，大家自行比较吧，里面写有注释。
shell> vim /etc/my.cnf
具体内容参见附件
将MySQL常用文件加入PATH：
shell> sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin shell> sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/local/bin shell> sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/local/bin
使用MySQL
启动MySQL服务
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data &
修改root初始密码
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "123456"
通过MySQL Client链接数据库
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p123456
扩展阅读
附录
my.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for large systems. # # This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly # MySQL. # # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of # locations which depend on the deployment platform. # You can copy this option file to one of those # locations. For information about these locations, see: # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option. # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # Set the default character set of mysql client default-character-set=utf8 # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 256M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 256 sort_buffer_size = 1M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_size= 16M # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency thread_concurrency = 8 # Set the default character set of mysql server character-set-server=utf8 # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin # binary logging format - mixed recommended binlog_format=mixed # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 64M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout