通过uwsgi+nginx启动flask的python web程序

通过uwsgi+nginx启动flask的python web程序

一般我们启动python web程序的时候都是通过python直接启动主文件，测试的时候是可以的，当访问量大的时候就会出问题
python manage.py

通过wsgi web服务器网关接口规范启动是一种比较好的方式：

web服务器 nginx + uwsgi + flask

原理就是nginx通过代理访问通过uwsgi启动监听在本机的flask程序

1.安装uwsgi模块
# pip install uwsgi
2.通过uwsgi启动flask项目
# 通过http方式启动（推荐）
# uwsgi --http 127.0.0.1:9999 -w user:app

# 通过socket方式启动
uwsgi -s 127.0.0.1:9999 -w user:app
# 主入口需要__init__.py文件
user/__init__.py

# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/cmdb.conf 
server {
    listen       8080;
    server_name  cmdb;


    location / {
        root   /home/python/Desktop/51reboot/cmdb/;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9999;
    }
}

访问方式是：
http://192.168.3.91:8080 --> uwsgi:9999

centos6.8_x64安装python3.7.2和wusgi

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

tar -xf Python-3.7.2.tar.xz 
cd Python-3.7.2
mkdir /usr/local/python372
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python372
make
make install


# 报错
    from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'

# 解决办法：

yum install libffi-devel libffi


# 再次编译安装即可
./configure --with-ssl --prefix=/usr/local/python372
make
make install
echo $?

# 删除原来的软链，重新建立软连接
# rm -f /usr/local/python3
cd /usr/local
ln -s python372 python3

[root@srv3:/usr/local/python3]# python3 -V
Python 3.7.2

# 安装ipython
# pip3 install ipython
# ln -s /usr/local/python372/bin/ipython3 /usr/sbin/ipython3


[root@srv3:/usr/local/uwsgi]# tar zxf uwsgi-latest.tar.gz 
[root@srv3:/usr/local/uwsgi]# cd uwsgi-
uwsgi-2.0.18/        uwsgi-latest.tar.gz  
[root@srv3:/usr/local/uwsgi]# cd uwsgi-2.0.18/
[root@srv3:/usr/local/uwsgi/uwsgi-2.0.18]# python3 uwsgiconfig.py --build

################# uWSGI configuration #################

kernel = Linux
execinfo = False
ifaddrs = True
locking = pthread_mutex
event = epoll
timer = timerfd
filemonitor = inotify
pcre = True
routing = True
capabilities = False
yaml = embedded
json = False
ssl = True
xml = libxml2
debug = False
plugin_dir = .
zlib = True
ucontext = True
malloc = libc

############## end of uWSGI configuration #############
total build time: 3 seconds
*** uWSGI is ready, launch it with ./uwsgi ***


# 继续install
# python3 setup.py install


[root@srv3:~]# whereis uwsgi
uwsgi: /usr/bin/uwsgi /etc/uwsgi /usr/local/bin/uwsgi /usr/local/uwsgi /opt/uwsgi-2.0.13.1/bin/uwsgi
[root@srv3:~]# uwsgi --version
2.0.18

# 编写测试文件
[root@srv3:/usr/local/uwsgi/uwsgi-2.0.18]# cat testuwsgi.py 
def application(env, start_response):
    start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
    return [b"Hello World"]

# 启动
[root@srv3:/usr/local/uwsgi/uwsgi-2.0.18]# ./uwsgi --http :9000 --wsgi-file testuwsgi.py 
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.18 (64bit) on [Wed Jun 19 02:39:19 2019] ***
compiled with version: 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23) on 19 June 2019 07:37:03
os: Linux-2.6.32-642.6.2.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Oct 26 06:52:09 UTC 2016
nodename: srv3.keepvid.com
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 24
current working directory: /usr/local/uwsgi/uwsgi-2.0.18
detected binary path: /usr/local/uwsgi/uwsgi-2.0.18/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI without its master process manager ***
your processes number limit is 128183
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 65536
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uWSGI http bound on :9000 fd 4
spawned uWSGI http 1 (pid: 927)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:25232 (port auto-assigned) fd 3
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
Python version: 3.7.2 (default, Jun 19 2019, 02:23:57)  [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)]
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x1e8dcd0
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 72920 bytes (71 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x1e8dcd0 pid: 926 (default app)
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (and the only) (pid: 926, cores: 1)
[pid: 926|app: 0|req: 1/1] 127.0.0.1 () {28 vars in 298 bytes} [Wed Jun 19 02:39:58 2019] GET / => generated 11 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 1 headers in 44 bytes (1 switches on core 0)


# 验证
[root@srv3:~]# curl http://127.0.0.1:9000/
Hello World

./configure --with-ssl --prefix=/usr/local/python372
编译的时候一定要添加 --with-ssl (cenos7.x上可以)否则pip3 install -r 安装模块时会报错：
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not avail

centos6安装python3.7.x参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/reblue520/p/11103311.html