springMVC4 注解配置实例

结构：

maven配置：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>java-springmvc-demo6</groupId>
  <artifactId>java-springmvc-demo6</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>java-springmvc-demo6 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <!--项目依赖 -->
  <dependencies>
    <!--日志包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--j2ee相关包 servlet、jsp、jstl-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring相关包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--其他需要的包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
      <version>3.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>maven-springmvc</finalName>
    <resources>
      <!--表示把java目录下的有关xml文件,properties文件编译/打包的时候放在resource目录下-->
      <resource>
        <directory>${basedir}/src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
      </resource>
    </resources>

    <plugins>
      <!--servlet容器 jetty插件-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
        <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>9.3.10.v20160621</version>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.6</source>
          <target>1.6</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
                        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <display-name>java-springmvc-demo5</display-name>
  
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      
    <!-- 默认的servlet.xml文件是放在WEB-INF目录下，名称与<servlet-name>的名字要相关。但可以通过以下设置重新自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称。-->
      <!--<init-param>-->
       <!--<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>-->
       <!--<param-value>/WEB-INF/SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>-->
      <!--</init-param>-->
    
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

    <!--欢迎页面-->
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

SpringMVC-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- 默认扫描的包路径 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller" />
    <!-- 添加注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!--所有的访问都统一先由InternalResourceViewResolver类处理-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--定义跳转的文件的前缀（jsp文件所在目录）-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/" />
        <!-- 定义跳转的文件的后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

HelloController.java：

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller//该注解用来识别控制器
@RequestMapping("hello")//该注解用来控制url书写时，控制器的选择
public class HelloController{
    @RequestMapping("helloworld")//该注解用来控制url书写时，具体方法的选择（还可以绑定参数等）
    public String helloworld() {
        return "hello_world";//跳转到jsp页面
    }

}

之后通过“http://localhost:8080/hello/helloworld”可访问到hello_world.jsp页面