串口通讯WaitCommEvent 、GetLastError、ClearCommError、...

一、首先是利用WaitCommEvent 来等待串口事件的被触发，这些事件是指在该函数被调用前，我们自己设置好的能触发串口线程的有效事件。

主要包括3类事件：

  1. 函数SetCommMask (ceSeries->m_hComm, EV_RXCHAR | EV_CTS | EV_DSR )设置的数据接收中断

  2.用户中断线程的操作。

  3. 用户发送数据所产生的中断。

该函数相当于利用事件来同步，实际函数也是这么设计的。但没有有效中断触发，线程会一直在这里等待。

一旦被触发，程序才能继续往下执行。 

二、函数WaitCommEvent执行完成后，他的返回值若为零，说明有错误，这时候用GetLastError来查询错误类型。

 三、函数WaitCommEvent执行返回值若为1，则用ClearCommError来清除错误，并查询串口的状态，得到comstat的值。 

四、检查ClearCommError所查询的串口状态comstat.cbInQue的值，若不大于0，说明错误。继续等待事件的触发

五、若omstat.cbInQue大于0，说明buffer里面有字符。在使用WaitForMultipleObjects函数确认事件，并执行对应的操作。

 六、接收完缓冲区中的数据后，注意清空缓冲区，方便下一次接收

//WaitCommEvent函数为指定的通信资源监听一系列的Event,这些Event可以由 SetcommMask和 GetcommMask函数来设置和查询。

例子：

bResult = WaitCommEvent(port->m_hComm, &Event, &port->m_ov);

        if (!bResult)  
        { 
            // If WaitCommEvent() returns FALSE, process the last error to determin
            switch (dwError = GetLastError()) 
            { 
            case ERROR_IO_PENDING:     
                { 
                    break;
                }
            case 87:
                {
                    break;
                }
            default:
                {
                    port->ProcessErrorMessage("WaitCommEvent()");
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
         
            bResult = ClearCommError(port->m_hComm, &dwError, &comstat);

            if (comstat.cbInQue == 0)
                continue;
        }    // end if bResult

            //m_hEventArray[0] = m_hShutdownEvent;    // highest priority
            //m_hEventArray[1] = m_ov.hEvent;
            //m_hEventArray[2] = m_hWriteEvent;
        Event = WaitForMultipleObjects(3, port->m_hEventArray, FALSE, INFINITE);

        switch (Event)
        {
        case 0:
            {
                // Shutdown event.  This is event zero so it will be// the higest priority and be serviced first.                
                CloseHandle(port->m_hComm);
                port->m_hComm=NULL;
                port->m_bThreadAlive = FALSE;                
                // Kill this thread.  break is not needed, but makes me feel better.
                AfxEndThread(100);

                break;
            }
        case 1:    // read event
            {
                GetCommMask(port->m_hComm, &CommEvent);
                if (CommEvent & EV_RXCHAR)
                    // Receive character event from port.
                    ReceiveChar(port, comstat);
                if (CommEvent & EV_CTS)
                    ::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_CTS_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
                if (CommEvent & EV_BREAK)
                    ::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_BREAK_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
                if (CommEvent & EV_ERR)
                    ::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_ERR_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
                if (CommEvent & EV_RING)
                    ::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_RING_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
                
                if (CommEvent & EV_RXFLAG)
                    ::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_RXFLAG_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
                    
                break;
            }  
        case 2: // write event
            {
                // Write character event from port
                WriteChar(port);
                break;
            }

        } // end switch

    } // close forever loop