1. 使用&符号在后台执行命令
你可以在Linux命令或者脚本后面增加&符号,从而使命令或脚本在后台执行,例如:.
$ ./my-shell-script.sh &
2. 使用nohup在后台执行命令
使用&符号在后台执行命令或脚本后,如果你退出登录,这个命令就会被自动终止掉。要避免这种情况,你可以使用nohup命令,如下所示:
$ nohup ./my-shell-script.sh &
3. 使用screen执行命令
通过nohup和&符号在后台执行命令后,即使你退出登录,这个命令也会一直执行。但是,你无法重新连接到这个会话,要想重新连接到这个会话,你可以使用screen命令。.
Linux的screen命令提供了分离和重新连接一个会话的功能。当你重新连接这个会话的时候,你的终端和你分离的时候一模一样。
4. 使用at将一个命令作为批处理执行
使用at命令,你可以让一个命令在指定的日期和时间运行,例如要在明天上午10点在后台执行备份脚本,执行下面的命令:
$ at -f backup.sh 10 am tomorrow
在批处理模式下执行某些任务需要启用一些选项。下面的文章会给出详细解释:.
- How To Capture Unix Top Command Output to a File in Readable Format
- Unix bc Command Line Calculator in Batch Mode
- How To Execute SSH and SCP in Batch Mode (Only when Passwordless login is enabled)
5. 使用watch连续地执行一个命令
要想按一个固定的间隔不停地执行一个命令,可以使用watch命令,如下所示:
$ watch df -h
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/Javame/p/3582885.html
测试:
[root@rusky ~]# nohup ping 192.168.1.100 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping.txt & [1] 2619 [root@rusky ~]# nohup: ignoring input and redirecting stderr to stdout [root@rusky ~]# nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [2] 2628 [root@rusky ~]# nohup: ignoring input and redirecting stderr to stdout [root@rusky ~]# nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt & [3] 2629 [root@rusky ~]# nohup: ignoring input and redirecting stderr to stdout [root@rusky ~]# jobs [1] Running nohup ping 192.168.1.100 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping.txt & [2]- Running nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [3]+ Running nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt & [root@rusky ~]#
ctrl+z 停止进程 ctrl+c 终止进程
[root@rusky ~]# fg nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt ^Z [3]+ Stopped nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt [root@rusky ~]# jobs [1] Running nohup ping 192.168.1.100 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping.txt & [2]- Running nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [3]+ Stopped nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt
bg:Resume each suspended job jobspec in the background, as if it had been started with &.
fg: Resume jobspec in the foreground, and make it the current job.
这个'+'就是表示在当前窗口下后台默认调用的任务。如下,输入fg,调用的是[3]job,也就是带+号的job。
job job编号,调用指定的job
[root@rusky ~]# fg nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt ^Z [3]+ Stopped nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt
[root@rusky ~]# job 1 bash: job: command not found... [root@rusky ~]# fg 1 nohup ping 192.168.1.100 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping.txt ^C[root@rusky ~]# jobs [2]- Running nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [3]+ Stopped nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt
bg %jobnumber(%可省略)命令激活job3
[root@rusky ~]# jobs [2]- Running nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [3]+ Stopped nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt [root@rusky ~]# [root@rusky ~]# bg 3 [3]+ nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt & [root@rusky ~]# jobs [2]- Running nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [3]+ Running nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt &
jobs -l : List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
[root@rusky ~]# jobs -l [1] 2619 Running nohup ping 192.168.1.100 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping.txt & [2]- 2628 Running nohup ping 192.168.1.202 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping2.txt & [3]+ 2629 Stopped nohup ping 127.0.0.1 > /tmp/test_nohup_ping3.txt [root@rusky ~]#
这样,我们可以用Kill命令加jobs的ID号杀死进程