Kubernetes Master节点部署三个服务：kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler和一个命令工具kubectl.
Master节点来负责整个集群的管理和控制，其中
kube-apiserver 服务提供了HTTP Rest接口的关键服务进程，是Kuberneters里所有资源的增删改查等操作的唯一入口，也是集群控制的入口进程.
kube-controller-manager 服务 是kubernetes里面所有资源对象的自动化控制中心，可以理解为资源对象的”大总管”
kube-scheduler 服务负责资源调度(pod调度)的进程，相当于公交公司的”调度室”。
Kubernetes API服务部署：
1.准备软件包,软件包有两种下载方式:
方式一(推荐使用):
从https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md 页面下载 client 或 server tar包 文件.
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes.tar.gz [root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
方式二：
准备软件包从github release 页面下载发布版tar包,解压后再执行下载脚本.
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@k8s-master src]#wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.10.3/kubernetes.tar.gz [root@k8s-master src]# tar -zxvf kubernetes.tar.gz [root@k8s-master src]# ll total 2664 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 156 May 21 18:16 kubernetes -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2726918 May 21 19:15 kubernetes.tar.gz [root@k8s-master src]# cd kubernetes/cluster/ [root@k8s-master cluster]# ./get-kube-binaries.sh ...
解压安装包,并添加可执行文件：
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes [root@k8s-master kubernetes]#cp server/bin/kube-apiserver /opt/kubernetes/bin/ [root@k8s-master kubernetes]#cp server/bin/kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin/ [root@k8s-master kubernetes]#cp server/bin/kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/
2.创建生成CSR的 JSON 配置文件:
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cat > kubernetes-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "10.200.3.105", "10.1.0.1", "10.254.0.2", "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "BeiJing", "L": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF
3.生成 kubernetes 证书和私钥,并分发到所以节点.
[root@k8s-master src]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes [root@k8s-master ssl]# cp kubernetes*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 10.200.3.106:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 10.200.3.107:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
4.创建 kube-apiserver 使用的客户端 token 文件
[root@k8s-master ~]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ' 10a89e49bc403bce8fb134e5a2ae82f1 [root@k8s-master ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv 10a89e49bc403bce8fb134e5a2ae82f1,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
5.创建基础用户名/密码认证配置(密码、用户名、uid为后面创建dashborad后用户认证)
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv admin,admin,1 readonly,readonly,2
.6.部署Kubernetes API Server
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction --bind-address=10.200.3.105 --insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1 --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 --kubelet-https=true --anonymous-auth=false --basic-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv --enable-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 --service-node-port-range=20000-40000 --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --etcd-servers=https://10.200.3.105:2379,https://10.200.3.106:2379,https://10.200.3.107:2379 --enable-swagger-ui=true --allow-privileged=true --audit-log-maxage=30 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 --audit-log-maxsize=100 --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/log/api-audit.log --event-ttl=1h --v=2 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 Type=notify LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
7.启动API Server服务
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
部署Controller Manager服务
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes [Service] ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager --address=127.0.0.1 --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 --allocate-node-cidrs=true --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 --cluster-cidr=10.2.0.0/16 --cluster-name=kubernetes --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --leader-elect=true --v=2 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
启动Controller Manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager
部署Kubernetes Scheduler:
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service <<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes [Service] ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler --address=127.0.0.1 --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect=true --v=2 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
启动Kubernetes Scheduler
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler [root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-scheduler
部署kubectl 命令行工具
1.准备二进制命令包
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/client/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/
2.创建 admin 证书签名请求
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/ [root@k8s-master ssl]# cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "admin", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "BeiJing", "L": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF
3.生成 admin 证书和私钥：
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin [root@k8s-master ssl]# ls -l admin* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1009 May 31 10:29 admin.csr -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 230 May 31 10:21 admin-csr.json -rw------- 1 root root 1679 May 31 10:29 admin-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1399 May 31 10:29 admin.pem [root@k8s-master ssl]# cp admin*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@k8s-master ssl]#
4.设置集群参数
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.200.3.105:6443 Cluster "kubernetes" set.Cluster "kubernetes" set.
5.设置客户端认证参数
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem --embed-certs=true --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem User "admin" set.
6.设置上下文参数
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin Context "kubernetes" created.
7.设置默认上下文
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes Switched to context "kubernetes".
8.使用kubectl工具
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl get cs NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Healthy ok controller-manager Healthy ok etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"} [root@k8s-master ssl]#
9.验证master节点功能：
# kubectl get componentstatuses NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR controller-manager Healthy ok scheduler Healthy ok etcd-1 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"} etcd-2 Healthy {"health": "true"}
参考文档：https://github.com/unixhot/salt-kubernetes