Grafana 是大规模指标数据可视化展现的开源工具，广泛应用于监控报警、数据分析。它可以支持多种数据源，包括 Graphite，Elasticsearch，CloudWatch，InfluxDB，OpenTSDB，Prometheus，MySQL，Postgres，Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL)。
本次实验所用到的服务：
| 服务 | 端口 | 说明 |
| MySQL | 3306 | 数据库 |
| MySQL-exporter | 9104 | 用于监控MySQL的服务，作用为取MySQL的状态 |
| Grafana可视化监控 | 3000 | 基于zabbix的监控工具，用于监控报警、数据分析，本次实验用于监控MySQL和主机状态作为前端显示 |
| Prometheus监控 | 9090 | 通过普罗米修斯来监控主机状态，CPU、swap空间、内存、线程数等 |
| node_exporter | 9100 | 用于监控linux主机的状态，通过此服务推送状态给普罗米修斯 |
主机基础监控效果图：
MySQL状态效果图：
安装配置：
由于使用的是云主机，基本带宽比较小，所以使用docker搭建相关服务
docker安装zabbix-mysql
docker pull zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql docker run --name zabbix-server-mysql -e DB_SERVER_HOST="localhost" -e MYSQL_USER="root" -e MYSQL_PASSWORD="123456" -d zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql
查看zabbix启动日志
docker logs -f zabbix-server-service
安装zabbix自己的数据库，由于需要监控主机的MySQL所有的业务，所以选用开其他端口
docker run -dit -p 3307:3306 --name zabbix-mysql --restart always -e MYSQL_DATABASE="zabbix" -e MYSQL_USER="zabbix" -e MYSQL_PASSWORD="123" -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123" mysql
安装zabbix相关插件以及服务
docker run -dit -p 10051:10051 --name=zabbix-server-mysql --restart=always -e DB_SERVER_HOST="zabbix-mysql" -e MYSQL_DATABASE="zabbix" -e MYSQL_USER="zabbix" -e MYSQL_PASSWORD="123" -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123456" -e zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql docker run -p 80:80 --name zabbix-web-nginx-mysql --restart=always -e DB_SERVER_HOST="zabbix-mysql" -e MYSQL_DATABASE="zabbix" -e MYSQL_USER="zabbix" -e MYSQL_PASSWORD="123" -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123456" -e ZBX_SERVER_HOST="zabbix-server-mysql" zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql
docker下拉其他镜像，ps 命令：docker pull grafana/grafana
REPOSITORY TAG CREATED SIZE docker.io/grafana/grafana latest 5 days ago 202 MB docker.io/prom/prometheus latest 6 days ago 185 MB docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql latest 6 days ago 165 MB docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql centos-latest 6 days ago 356 MB docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql latest 6 days ago 68.1 MB docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-java-gateway latest 6 days ago 83.8 MB docker.io/mariadb latest 11 days ago 405 MB docker.io/mysql 5.7 12 days ago 447 MB docker.io/mysql latest 12 days ago 556 MB docker.io/prom/node-exporter latest 2 months ago 26 MB docker.io/prom/mysqld-exporter latest 22 months ago 17.5 MB
启动Grafana
docker run -d --name grafana -p 3000:3000 -v /data/grafana:/var/lib/grafana grafana/grafana
启动Prome / Prometheus
docker run -d -p 9090:9090 -v /opt/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus
其中两个配置文件内容如下
[root@Huawei ~/ansible]# cat /opt/prometheus/prometheus.yml global: scrape_interval: 60s evaluation_interval: 60s scrape_configs: - job_name: prometheus static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9090'] labels: instance: prometheus - job_name: linux static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9100'] labels: instance: localhost - job_name: mysql_local static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9104'] labels: instance: localhost [root@Huawei ~/ansible]# cat /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml global: scrape_interval: 15s evaluation_interval: 15s scrape_configs: - job_name: 'prometheus' static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9090'] - job_name: 'node_exporter' static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9100'] - job_name: 'mysql_localhost' static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9104']
启动监控linux的node节点，用以监控linux状态
docker run -d -p 9100:9100 -v "/proc:/host/proc:ro" -v "/sys:/host/sys:ro" -v "/:/rootfs:ro" prom/node-exporter
查看Linux状态是否可以通
[root@Huawei ~]# curl http://localhost:9100/metrics % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 53542 0 53542 0 0 3541k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 3734k # HELP go_gc_duration_seconds A summary of the GC invocation durations. # TYPE go_gc_duration_seconds summary go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0"} 6.083e-06 go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.25"} 7.459e-06 ··········· promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code="200"} 1411 promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code="500"} 0 promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code="503"} 0
启动linux-mysql的node节点，用于监控主机mysql状态
docker run -d --name mysql-exporter -p 9104:9104 -e DATA_SOURCE_NAME="grafana:123@(localhost:3306)/mysql" prom/mysqld-exporter
防火墙开放端口
firewall-cmd --add-port=9090/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --add-port=9100/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --add-port=9104/tcp --permanent
查看当前的端口状态，这里实验没有开启zabbix
[root@Huawei ~]# netstat -ntlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10748/mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 954/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::9090 :::* LISTEN 2370/docker-proxy-c tcp6 0 0 :::9100 :::* LISTEN 24049/node_exporter tcp6 0 0 :::9104 :::* LISTEN 32604/docker-proxy- tcp6 0 0 :::3000 :::* LISTEN 10085/docker-proxy-
检查当前MySQL接口是否可以通
curl http://localhost:9104/metrics % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0# HELP go_gc_duration_seconds A summary of the GC invocation durations. # TYPE go_gc_duration_seconds summary go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0"} 9.832e-06 go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.25"} 1.092e-05 go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.5"} 1.1677e-05 go_gc_duration_seconds{quantile="0.75"} 1.227e-05 ············· promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code="200"} 1047 promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code="500"} 0 promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code="503"} 0
由此可见，当前linux状态和MySQL状态都是可以通的
当前查看Prometheus状态
http://localhost:9090/targets
随机测试主机状态，查看Prometheus是否可以绘图
由此可见，我们的服务均已部署成功，接下来登录Grafana进行配置
测试是否已完成，数据库连接成功
这里开始添加监控
上传做好的视图json文件
MySQL状态成功显示
这里推荐Prometheus的UID 8919
