zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • HBase的编程实践(实验3_熟悉常用的HBase操作)

    HBase的编程实践

    ✿ 准备工作:启动、关闭hbase之类的(以及该过程可能遇到的bug)

    一、Hbase中使用Shell命令:

    ① HBase中创建表:(create 命令:第一个变量是表名,然后是列族名)

    ✿ 增加数据

    put:(put 命令:第一个变量是表名,第二个变量是行键,第三个变量开始就是添加列族情况啦(列限定符可选)

    ✿ 删除数据

    ③ delete命令:

    □ put 的反向操作:

    删除 一行中的所有数据:

    删除 表:

    ✿ 查看数据:

    □ get: 查看的是一行中的数据

    scan: 查看的是表中的全部数据

     ✿  查询表历史数据:

    查询表的历史版本,需要两步。

     退出HBase数据库操作:

    ⑤ 命令: exit

     二、Hbase编程实践:

    ✿ 准备工作:导入jar包:

    例子:创建表,插入数据、查看表中数据

    三、实验:熟悉常用的HBase 操作:

    (一)编程实现以下指定功能,并用 Hadoop 提供的 HBase Shell 命令完成相同任务:

    1. 列出 HBase 所有的表的相关信息,例如表名;
    2. 在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据;
    3. 向已经创建好的表添加和删除指定的列族或列;
    4. 清空指定的表的所有记录数据;
    5. 统计表的行数。

    (二)现有以下关系型数据库中的表和数据,要求将其转换为适合于HBase存储的表并插入数据:

    学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、选课表(SC):同时,请编程完成以下指定功能:

    ....

    ✿ 准备工作:

    ■ 先启动hadoop,再启动hbase;(关闭:关闭先关hbase,再关闭hadoop

    □ 启动hadoop:

    ssh localhost
    cd /usr/local/hadoop
    ./sbin/start-dfs.sh

    启动hbase:(因为hbase 咱将其bin 目录配置了环境变量,相当于全局变量了,在终端命令可以直接使用, 而hadoop 没有配置系统的全局变量,所以需要切换到其安装目录下的sbin 目录)

    start-hbase.sh

    进入shell界面

    hbase shell

    □关闭hbase:

    stop-hbase.sh

    关闭hadoop:

    cd /usr/local/hadoop
    ./sbin/stop-dfs.sh

     可能遇到bug:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.PleaseHoldException:Maste is initializing

      logs中报错:master.HMaster: Master failed to complete initialization after 900000ms. Please consider submitting a bug report including a thread dump of this process.

     master.SplitLogManger:error while splitting logs in [hdfs:// localhost:9000/hbase/WALS...]

    屋漏偏逢连夜雨:又卡住。。。。。

     解决:ctr+c,关闭hbase、关闭hadoop,然后,关掉shell,重启,然后重新登录。。。(ssh localhost 又发现。。。,直觉,这个问题无伤大雅,跳过它)

    Failed to connect to https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-relese-lts.Check your Internet connection or proxy settings.

     诡异的事。。。(前一秒成功创建了一张表,下一秒卡死)

     日志显示:【诡异的地方是在,我创建的表格名为user 就卡住,创建叫其他名字的表格就没事】

    警告:WARN[ProcExecTimeout] assignment.AssignmentManger:STUCK Region-In-Transition rit=OPENING, location=null,table=user,region=d7e...

     

    然后又:ERROR:master.HMasterCommandLine:Master exiting。。。

     至此越搞越多bug,我选择重新安装(因为重新安装对于解决问题的是一个优解,为什么不重新安装呢,办法没有高低贵贱,高效即最好。)

    也许一开始的原因在于删除表的命令输入先后顺序有问题,我是先输入:truncate 'user' (‘user’ 是表名) 然后输入 drop 'user' #停用表之后才能删除

    (好像输入 drop命令前已经停表了哈哈哈)问题不大,重新装一下即可

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    一、Hbase中使用Shell命令:

    HBase中创建表:(create 命令:第一个变量是表名,然后是列族名)

    语法:create '表名称','列族名称1','列族名称2','列族名称N'

    create 'student','Sname','Ssex','Sage','Sdept','course'

    通过命令 describe 'student'  进行查看表的结构:(desc ‘表名’,查看表的结构)

    接下来是hbase 常规操作(增删改查) 

    ✿ 增加数据

    put(put 命令:第一个变量是表名,第二个变量是行键,第三个变量开始就是添加列族情况啦(列限定符可选)

     注意 put 命令:一次只能为一个表的一行数据的一个列,也就是一次只能给一个单元格添加一个数据

    所以直接用shell命令插入数据效率很低,在实际应用中,一般都是利用编程操作数据。

    语法:put '表名称','行名称','列名称:','值'

    例子:student表添加了学号为95001,名字为LiYing的一行数据,其行键为95001。

    put 'student', '95001','Sname','LiYing'

    例子:为95001行下的course列族的math列添加了一个数据:

      put 'student','95001','course:math','80'

    在表格中的样子(大概如此,变量名不一定对得上哦,我只是为了展示表格的形式):

     ✿ 删除数据

    ③ delete命令:

    □ put 的反向操作:

    删除 一行中的所有数据:

    删除 表:

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    □ put 的反向操作:

      delete 'student','95001','Sname:firstName'

      删除 一行中的所有数据:

      deleteall 'student','95001'

     □ 删除表 :

    disable 'student'      #让表不可用
    drop 'student'         #删除表

    ✿ 查看数据:

    get: 查看的是一行中的数据

    scan: 查看的是表中的全部数据

     get 'student','95001'

    scan 'student'

     还可以查询部分细节的数据等等细节的数据,例如:查询 某个列族的数据:

     

     ✿  查询表历史数据:

    查询表的历史版本,需要两步。
    1、在创建表的时候,指定保存的版本数(假设指定为5)

      create 'teacher',{NAME=>'username',VERSIONS=>5}

    2、插入数据然后更新数据,使其产生历史版本数据,注意:这里插入数据和更新数据都是用put命令

    put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary'
    put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary1'
    put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary2'
    put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary3'
    put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary4'  
    put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary5'

    3、查询时,指定查询的历史版本数。默认会查询出最新的数据

      get 'teacher','91001',{COLUMN=>'username',VERSIONS=>3}

     退出HBase数据库操作

    ⑤ 命令: exit

    注意:这里退出HBase数据库是退出对数据库表的操作,而不是停止启动HBase数据库后台运行。

     二、Hbase编程实践:

    ✿ 准备工作:导入jar包:

    导包步骤:File -》 Project Structure -》Libraries -》+ -》选择需要导入的包,然后记得导入完成后,点击一下 Apply,再点 Ok

    (1) 进入到“/usr/local/hbase/lib”目录,选中该目录下的所有jar文件(注意,不要选中client-facing-thirdparty、ruby、shaded-clients和zkcli这四个目录)

    (2)  进入到“/usr/local/hbase/lib/client-facing-thirdparty”目录, 选中该目录下的所有jar文件。

    例子:创建表,插入数据,查看表中数据

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
     
    import java.io.IOException;
    public class ExampleForHBase {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
        public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException{
            init();    //主要操作就是为了连接到数据库hbase
            createTable("student",new String[]{"score"});    //创建表,shell命令:create '表名','列族名1','列族名2','列族名3' ...
            insertData("student","zhangsan","score","English","69"); //shell命令: put 'student','张三','score:English','69'
            insertData("student","zhangsan","score","Math","86");
            insertData("student","zhangsan","score","Computer","77");
            getData("student", "zhangsan", "score","English");
            close();
        }
     
        public static void init(){
            configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try{
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
     
        public static void close(){
            try{
                if(admin != null){
                    admin.close();
                }
                if(null != connection){
                    connection.close();
                }
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
     
        public static void createTable(String myTableName,String[] colFamily) throws IOException {
            TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(myTableName);
            if(admin.tableExists(tableName)){
                System.out.println("talbe is exists!");
            }else {
                TableDescriptorBuilder tableDescriptor = TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(tableName);
                for(String str:colFamily){
                    ColumnFamilyDescriptor family = 
    ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(str)).build();
                    tableDescriptor.setColumnFamily(family);
                }
                admin.createTable(tableDescriptor.build());
            } 
        }
     
        public static void insertData(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col,String val) throws IOException { 
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
            put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
            table.put(put);
            table.close(); 
        }
     
        public static void getData(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily, String col)throws  IOException{ 
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
            get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());
            Result result = table.get(get);
            System.out.println(new String(result.getValue(colFamily.getBytes(),col==null?null:col.getBytes())));
            table.close(); 
        }
    }

    运行程序后,到终端输入:scan ‘student’ 查看一下

    三、实验:熟悉常用的HBase 操作:

    (一)编程实现以下指定功能,并用 Hadoop 提供的 HBase Shell 命令完成相同任务:

    1. 列出 HBase 所有的表的相关信息,例如表名;
    2. 在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据;
    3. 向已经创建好的表添加和删除指定的列族或列;
    4. 清空指定的表的所有记录数据;
    5. 统计表的行数。

    1.列出 HBase 所有的表的相关信息,例如表名

    ■ HBase ShellList

    ■ Java Api:

    /**
    * 同样是正常的建立 数据库连接,执行操作,然后最后关闭连接
    * 重点是:HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptors[] = admin.listTables(); 获取到 表格列表,然后遍历
    */
    import
    java.io.IOException; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import java.io.IOException; public class Test_1 { public static Configuration configuration; public static Connection connection; public static Admin admin; /** * 建立连接 */ public static void init() { configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create(); configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase"); try { connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration); admin = connection.getAdmin(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 关闭连接 */ public static void close() { try { if (admin != null) { admin.close(); } if (null != connection) { connection.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * * 查看已有表,通过方法listTables() * * @throws IOException * */ public static void listTables() throws IOException { init(); HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptors[] = admin.listTables(); for (HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor : hTableDescriptors) { System.out.println(hTableDescriptor.getNameAsString()); } close(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Test_1 t = new Test_1(); try { System.out.println("以下为Hbase 数据库中所存的表信息"); t.listTables(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

    2.在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据;

    HBase Shellscan 'student'

    Java Api:

    /**
    * 同样是正常的建立 数据库连接,执行操作,然后最后关闭连接
    * 重点是:
    * Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
    获取到表格对象
    * Scan scan = new Scan(); ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan); 然后通过Scanner对象,获取到ResultScanner扫描结果对象遍历输出
    */

    import
    java.io.IOException; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Scanner; public class Test_2 { public static Configuration configuration; public static Connection connection; public static Admin admin; // 建立连接 public static void init() { configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create(); configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase"); try { connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration); admin = connection.getAdmin(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } // 关闭连接 public static void close() { try { if (admin != null) { admin.close(); } if (null != connection) { connection.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * * 根据表名查找表信息 * */ public static void getData(String tableName) throws IOException { init(); Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); Scan scan = new Scan(); ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan); for (Result result : scanner) { showCell((result)); } close(); } /** * * 格式化输出 * * @param result * */ public static void showCell(Result result) { Cell[] cells = result.rawCells(); for (Cell cell : cells) { System.out.println("RowName(行键):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " "); System.out.println("Timetamp(时间戳):" + cell.getTimestamp() + " "); System.out.println("column Family(列簇):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " "); System.out.println("column Name(列名):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " "); System.out.println("value:(值)" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " "); System.out.println(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Test_2 t = new Test_2(); System.out.println("请输入要查看的表名"); Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); String tableName = scan.nextLine(); System.out.println("信息如下:"); t.getData(tableName); } }

    3,向已经创建好的表添加和删除指定的列族或列:

    HBase Shell

    put 'student','95003','Sname','wangjinxuan'     (添加列)

    put 'student','95003','Sname:nickName','wang'    (添加列族)

    put 'student','95003','Sname:firstName','jinxuan'    (添加列族)

    put的反向操作的delete:

    delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname’

    delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname:nickName’

    deleteall 'student' ,’95003’    (删除整个行记录)

    Java Api:

    /**
     * hbase只关注rowkey,column Family(列族),并没有说在创建表的时候指定cq(列限定修饰符)有多少,这也是hbase列式存储的特点,
     *     所以在hbase API中是没有提供delete 一个列下的所有数据的
     * 
     *     同样是正常的建立 数据库连接,执行操作,然后最后关闭连接
     * 1,Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); 先获取到表
     * 2,插入:(① 创建Put对象,② 然后通过方法 addColumn将列、列限定符、值 放到put对象,③ 最后将put对象put到表格)
     *     Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
     *  put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
     *  table.put(put);        
     * 3,删除:
     * Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); 同样首先获取到表
     * Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());    //通过传入行键,new一个删除对象    
     * //删除对象添加要被删除的列或列族                        
     * ① 删除指定列族的所有数据(此情况是列族下无列限定符时的情况):delete.addFamily(colFamily.getBytes());        
     * ② 删除指定列的数据(此列主要说的是列限定修饰符):delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
     * table.delete(delete); //最后就是表格delete掉 delete对象
     */
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
    
    public class Test_3 {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
    
        // 建立连接
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        // 关闭连接
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 向某一行的某一列插入数据
         * 
         * @param tableName 表名
         * @param rowKey    行键
         * @param colFamily 列族名
         * @param col       列名(如果其列族下没有子列,此参数可为空)
         * @param val       值
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static void insertRow(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily, String col, String val)throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
            put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
            table.put(put);
            table.close();
            close();
        }
    
        /**
         * 根据表名查找表信息
         */
        public static void getData(String tableName) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result result : scanner) {
                showCell((result));
            }
            close();
        }
        /**
         * 
          * 格式化输出
         * 
         * @param result
         * 
         */
        public static void showCell(Result result) {
            Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
            for (Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println("RowName(行键):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("Timetamp(时间戳):" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.println("column Family(列簇):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("column Name(列名):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("value:(值)" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println();
            }
        }
        /**
         * 
         * 删除数据
         * 
         * @param tableName 表名
         * 
         * @param rowKey    行键
         * 
         * @param colFamily 列族名
         * 
         * @param col       列名
         * 
         * @throws IOException
         * 
         */
        public static void deleteRow(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily, String col) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
            if(col == null) {
                //删除指定列族的所有数据(此情况是列族下无列限定符时的情况)
                delete.addFamily(colFamily.getBytes());
                table.delete(delete);
                table.close();
            }else {
                //删除指定列的数据(此列主要说的是列限定修饰符)
                delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
                table.delete(delete);
                table.close();
            }
            close();
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Test_3 t = new Test_3();
            boolean flag = true;
            while (flag){
                System.out.println("------------向已经创建好的表中添加和删除指定的列簇或列--------------------");
                System.out.println("              请输入您要进行的操作   1- 添加          2-删除                       ");
                Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
                String choose1 = scan.nextLine();
                switch (choose1) {
                case "1":
                    try {
                        //put 'student','95003','Sname','wangjinxuan'     (添加列)
                        //put 'student','95003','Sname:nickName','wang'    (添加列族)
                        //put 'student','95003','Sname:firstName','jinxuan'  (添加列族)
    //                    t.insertRow(tableName, rowKey, colFamily, col, val);
                        t.insertRow("student", "95003", "Sname",null, "wangjingxuan");
                        t.insertRow("student", "95003", "Sname", "nickName", "wang");
                        t.insertRow("student", "95003", "Sname", "firstName", "jingxuan");
                        System.out.println("插入成功:");
                        t.getData(tableName);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.getMessage();
                    }
                    break;
                case "2":
                    try {
                        System.out.println("----------------------删除前,表的原本信息如下---------------------");
                        t.getData(tableName);
                        //delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname’
                        //delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname:nickName’
    //                    t.deleteRow(tableName, rowKey, colFamily, col);    
                        t.deleteRow("student", "95003", "Sname", "firstName");    
                        System.out.println("-----------------------删除成功-----------------------------
    ");
                        System.out.println("---------------------删除后,表的信息如下---------------------");
                        t.getData(tableName);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.getMessage();
                    }
                    break;
                }
                System.out.println(" 你要继续操作吗? 是-true 否-false ");
                flag = scan.nextBoolean();
            }
            System.out.println("   程序已退出!    ");
        }
    }

    4,清空指定的表的所有记录数据:

    HBase Shelltruncate 'student'

    Java Api:

    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
    public class Test_4 {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
        // 建立连接
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // 关闭连接
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        /**
         * 
         * 清空制定的表的所有记录数据
         * 
         * @param args
         * 
         * @throws IOException
         * 
         */
        public static void clearRows(String tableName) throws IOException {
            init();
            HBaseAdmin admin1 = new HBaseAdmin(configuration);
            // 读取了之前表的表名 列簇等信息,然后再进行删除操作。
            HTableDescriptor tDescriptor = admin1.getTableDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
            // 总思想是先将原表结构保留下来,然后进行删除,再重新依据保存的信息重新创建表。
            TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
            // 删除表
            admin.disableTable(tablename);
            admin.deleteTable(tablename);
            // 重新建表
            admin.createTable(tDescriptor);
            close();
        }
        /**
         * 
         * 根据表名查找表信息
         * 
         */
        public static void getData(String tableName) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result result : scanner){
                showCell((result));
            }
            close();
        }
    
        /**
         * 
         * 格式化输出
         * 
         * @param result
         * 
         */
        public static void showCell(Result result) {
            Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
            for (Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println("RowName(行键):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("Timetamp(时间戳):" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.println("column Family(列簇):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("column Name(列名):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("value:(值)" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Test_4 test_4 = new Test_4();
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            System.out.println("请输入要清空的表名");
            String tableName = scan.nextLine();
            try {
                System.out.println("表原来的信息:");
                test_4.getData(tableName);
                test_4.clearRows(tableName);
                System.out.println("表已清空:");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    5,统计表的行数:

    HBase Shellcount 'student'

    Java Api:

    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
    public class Test_5 {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
        //建立连接
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // 关闭连接
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void countRows(String tableName) throws IOException{
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
            int num = 0;
            for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner.next()){
                num++;
            }
            System.out.println("行数:" + num);
            scanner.close();
            close();
        }
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            Test_5 test_5 = new Test_5();
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            System.out.println("请输入要统计行数的表名");
            String tableName = scan.nextLine();
            test_5.countRows(tableName);
        }
    }

    (二)现有以下关系型数据库中的表和数据,要求将其转换为适合于HBase存储的表并插入数据:

    学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、选课表(SC):同时,请编程完成以下指定功能:

    create 'Student','S_No','S_Name','S_Sex','S_Age'
    put 'Student','s001','S_No','2015001'
    put 'Student','s001','S_Name','Zhangsan'
    put 'Student','s001','S_Sex','male'
    put 'Student','s001','S_Age','23'
    put 'Student','s002','S_No','2015002'
    put 'Student','s002','S_Name','Mary'
    put 'Student','s002','S_Sex','female'
    put 'Student','s002','S_Age','22'
    put 'Student','s003','S_No','2015003'
    put 'Student','s003','S_Name','Lisi'
    put 'Student','s003','S_Sex','male'
    put 'Student','s003','S_Age','24'
    —————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
    create 'Course','C_No','C_Name','C_Credit'
    put 'Course','c001','C_No','123001'
    put 'Course','c001','C_Name','Math'
    put 'Course','c001','C_Credit','2.0'
    put 'Course','c002','C_No','123002'
    put 'Course','c002','C_Name','Computer'
    put 'Course','c002','C_Credit','5.0'
    put 'Course','c003','C_No','123003'
    put 'Course','c003','C_Name','English'
    put 'Course','c003','C_Credit','3.0'
    ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
    put 'SC','sc001','SC_Sno','2015001'
    put 'SC','sc001','SC_Cno','123001'
    put 'SC','sc001','SC_Score','86'
    put 'SC','sc002','SC_Sno','2015001'
    put 'SC','sc002','SC_Cno','123003'
    put 'SC','sc002','SC_Score','69'
    put 'SC','sc003','SC_Sno','2015002'
    put 'SC','sc003','SC_Cno','123002'
    put 'SC','sc003','SC_Score','77'
    put 'SC','sc004','SC_Sno','2015002'
    put 'SC','sc004','SC_Cno','123003'
    put 'SC','sc004','SC_Score','99'
    put 'SC','sc005','SC_Sno','2015003'
    put 'SC','sc005','SC_Cno','123001'
    put 'SC','sc005','SC_Score','98'
    put 'SC','sc006','SC_Sno','2015003'
    put 'SC','sc006','SC_Cno','123002'
    put 'SC','sc006','SC_Score','95'

    同时,请编程完成以下指定功能:

    ① createTable(String tableName, String[] fields): 创建表,参数tableName为表的名称,字符串数组fields为存储记录各个域名称的数组。

    (域名称即列族名称啦)要求当HBase已经存在名为tableName的表的时候,先删除原有的表,然后再创建新的表。

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class CreateTable {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
    
        public static void createTable(String tableName, String[] fields) throws IOException {
            init();
            TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
            if (admin.tableExists(tablename)) {
                System.out.println("table is exists!");
                admin.disableTable(tablename);
                admin.deleteTable(tablename);
            }
            HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tablename);
            for (String str : fields) {
                HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
                hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
            }
            admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
            close();
        }
    
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String[] fields = {"Score"};
            try {
                createTable("person", fields);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    ② addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values): 向表tableName、行row(用S_Name表示)和字符串数组files指定的单元格中添加对应的数据values。其中fields中每个元素如果对应的列族下还有相应的列限定符的话,用"columnFamily:column"表示。例如,同时向"Math"、“Computer Science”、"English"三列添加成绩时,字符串数组fields为{“Score:Math”, “Score: Computer Science”, “Score:English”},数组values存储这三门课的成绩。

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class AddRecord {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
    
        public static void addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            for (int i = 0; i != fields.length; i++) {
                Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
                String[] cols = fields[i].split(":");
                put.addColumn(cols[0].getBytes(), cols[1].getBytes(), values[i].getBytes());
                table.put(put);
            }
            table.close();
            close();
        }
    
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String[] fields = {"Score:Math", "Score:Computer Science", "Score:English"};
            String[] values = {"99", "80", "100"};
            try {
                addRecord("person", "Score", fields, values);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    }

    ③ scanColumn(String tableName, String column): 浏览表tableName某一列的数据,如果某一行记录中该列数据不存在,则返回null。要求当参数column为某一列族名称时,如果底下有若干个列限定符,则要列出每个列限定符代表的列的数据;当参数column为某一列具体名称(例如"Score:Math")时,只需要列出该列的数据。

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class ScanColumn {
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
    
        public static void scanColumn(String tableName, String column) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes(column));
            ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner.next()) {
                showCell(result);
            }
            table.close();
            close();
        }
    
        public static void showCell(Result result) {
            Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
            for (Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println("RowName:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("Timetamp:" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
                System.out.println("column Family:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("row Name:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
                System.out.println("value:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
            }
        }
    
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        // 关闭连接
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            try {
                scanColumn("person", "Score");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    }

    ④ modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column): 修改表tableName,行row(可以用学生姓名S_Name表示),列column指定的单元格的数据。

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class ModifyData {
    
        public static long ts;
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
    
        public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result r : resultScanner) {
                for (Cell cell : r.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
                    ts = cell.getTimestamp();
                }
            }
            put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
            table.put(put);
            table.close();
            close();
        }
    
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            try {
                modifyData("person", "Score", "Math", "100");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    }

    ⑤ deleteRow(String tableName, String row): 删除表tableName中row指定的行的记录。

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class ModifyData {
    
        public static long ts;
        public static Configuration configuration;
        public static Connection connection;
        public static Admin admin;
    
        public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val) throws IOException {
            init();
            Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
            Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result r : resultScanner) {
                for (Cell cell : r.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
                    ts = cell.getTimestamp();
                }
            }
            put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
            table.put(put);
            table.close();
            close();
        }
    
        public static void init() {
            configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
            try {
                connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
                admin = connection.getAdmin();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void close() {
            try {
                if (admin != null) {
                    admin.close();
                }
                if (null != connection) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            try {
                modifyData("person", "Score", "Math", "100");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    }

     参考:

    HBase2.2.2安装和编程实践指南_厦大数据库实验室博客 (xmu.edu.cn)

    实验3 熟悉常用的 HBase 操作https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38648558/article/details/83033050

    《实验3_熟悉常用的HBase操作》https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50596778/article/details/120552574


     
  • 相关阅读:
    unity, 显示像素图,以及iOS下像素图变模糊解决办法
    unity, iOS集成微信
    unity, PlayerPrefs.GetInt(key,defaultValue)
    unity, 对于Debug.Log输出的log,可以双击定位到代码
    unity, UGUI Image shader
    unity, use particleSystem with UGUI
    unity, UGUI Text fadeIn
    unity, write/read txt file
    unity, get Canvas Scaler referenceResolution
    unity, change parent and keep localPosition or worlPosition
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shan333/p/15388633.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看