3.Web项目中使用Log4j实例

转自：https://blog.csdn.net/luohai859/article/details/52250807

上面代码描述了Log4j的简单应用，其实使用Log4j也就是这样简单方便。当然除了上面的配置方法，还有其它，比如做一个J2EE应用，在J2EE应用使用Log4j，必须先在启动服务时加载Log4j的配置文件进行初始化，可以在web.xml中进行。

1、web应用的log4j使用基本上都采用：新建一个servlet，这个servlet在init函数中为log4j执行配置。一般就是读入配置文件。所以需要在web.xml中为这个servlet配置，同时设定load-on-startup为1。

2、这个servlet配置log4j就是读出配置文件，然后调用configure函数。这里有两个问题：一、需要知道文件在哪里；二、需要正确的文件类型

3、配置文件位置在web.xml中配置一个param即可，路径一般是相对于web的root目录

4、文件类型一般有两种，一个是Java的property文件，另一种是xml文件

配置文件的大致内容：log4j可以指定输出的log级别的最低等级，以及log的输出配置格式，每个log可以指定多个输出方式

（1）创建Web工程，整个工程最后目录如下

（2）web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  
    <display-name>LogLearning</display-name>  

    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>Log4JTestServlet</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>com.mucfc.Log4JTestServlet</servlet-class>  
    </servlet>  

    <!--用来启动 log4jConfigLocation的servlet -->  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>Log4JInitServlet</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>com.mucfc.Log4JInitServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>log4j-properties-location</param-name>  
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/log4j.properties</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  

    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>Log4JTestServlet</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  

</web-app>

（3）配置文件log4j.properties

 ### set log levels ###  
log4j.rootLogger = debug,stdout,D,E  

log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender  
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out  
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = [%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%n%m%n  

log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.D.File = F://logs/log.log  
log4j.appender.D.Append = true  
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = DEBUG   
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n  

log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.E.File =F://logs/error.log   
log4j.appender.E.Append = true  
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR   
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

（4）web容器一来就初始化的servlet

Log4JInitServlet.java

package com.mucfc;  

import java.io.File;  
import java.io.IOException;  

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;  
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;  
import javax.servlet.ServletException;  
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  

import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;  
import org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator;  

/** 
 * Servlet implementation class Log4JInitServlet 
 */  
@WebServlet("/Log4JInitServlet")  
public class Log4JInitServlet extends HttpServlet {  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  

    /** 
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() 
     */  
    public Log4JInitServlet() {  
        super();  
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub  
    }  

    /** 
     * @see Servlet#init(ServletConfig) 
     */  
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {  
        System.out.println("Log4JInitServlet 正在初始化 log4j日志设置信息");  
        String log4jLocation = config.getInitParameter("log4j-properties-location");  

        ServletContext sc = config.getServletContext();  

        if (log4jLocation == null) {  
            System.err.println("*** 没有 log4j-properties-location 初始化的文件, 所以使用 BasicConfigurator初始化");  
            BasicConfigurator.configure();  
        } else {  
            String webAppPath = sc.getRealPath("/");  
            String log4jProp = webAppPath + log4jLocation;  
            File yoMamaYesThisSaysYoMama = new File(log4jProp);  
            if (yoMamaYesThisSaysYoMama.exists()) {  
                System.out.println("使用: " + log4jProp+"初始化日志设置信息");  
                PropertyConfigurator.configure(log4jProp);  
            } else {  
                System.err.println("*** " + log4jProp + " 文件没有找到， 所以使用 BasicConfigurator初始化");  
                BasicConfigurator.configure();  
            }  
        }  
        super.init(config);  
    }  

    /** 
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
     */  
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    }  

    /** 
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
     */  
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    }  

}

调用日志Log4JTestServlet,java

package com.mucfc;  

import java.io.IOException;  

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;  
import javax.servlet.ServletException;  
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;  

/** 
 * Servlet implementation class Log4JTestServlet 
 */  
@WebServlet("/Log4JTestServlet")  
public class Log4JTestServlet extends HttpServlet {  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Log4JTestServlet.class);    

    /** 
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() 
     */  
    public Log4JTestServlet() {  
        super();  
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub  
    }  

    /** 
     * @see Servlet#init(ServletConfig) 
     */  
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    }  

    /** 
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
     */  
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  
        // 记录debug级别的信息    
        logger.debug("This is debug message.");    
        // 记录info级别的信息    
        logger.info("This is info message.");    
        // 记录error级别的信息    
        logger.error("This is error message.");    
    }  

    /** 
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
     */  
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  
        doGet(request,response);  
    }  

}

接下来就是运行了，来看看结果：

输出结果：