openstack的每一个子项目（project）都有自己对应的命令行API,所有的这些API都是基于RESTful的,python代码实现的API。也就是说，这些API都是基于HTTP实现的，所以API都包含方法（GET，POST，DELETE，PUT，HEADER，OPTIONS）,资源类型，响应码。
有了这些API，方便用户通过命令行来操作云平台资源，完成一些操作。这些，在Dashboard上也可以操作。例如Compute service可以通过python-novaclient进行操作。
下面列简单说说如何安装这些命令行程序。就拿我前面搭建的devstack环境举例说明，由于是运行在Centos上的，这就需要设置yum的资源仓库。
[stack@ip-10-121-5-244 devstack]$ yum install http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm
|
接下来，就是要enable上面的repository了，如下：
| [stack@ip-10-121-5-244 devstack]$ yum install centos-release-openstack-liberty |
然后，更新yum缓存：
| [stack@ip-10-121-5-244 devstack]$ yum makecache |
最后安装客户命令行软件包，可以指定安装某个包，如果是在单机环境安装，例如devstack，建议安装全包，若是用openstack安装在多个节点上，比如controller node, compute node, network node, block node, object node, image node, identity node等都是独立的，那么就根据具体情况，选择安装对应的包。我的环境是devstack，所以，我就安装了全包：
| [stack@ip-10-121-5-244 devstack]$ sudo yum install python-openstackclient |
这里列出安装过程中，可以看到有那些子包被安装了：
1 [stack@ip-10-121-5-244 devstack]$ sudo yum install python-openstackclient 2 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 3 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 4 * base: ftp.iij.ad.jp 5 * epel: ftp.jaist.ac.jp 6 * extras: ftp.iij.ad.jp 7 * updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp 8 Resolving Dependencies 9 --> Running transaction check 10 ---> Package python-openstackclient.noarch 0:1.7.1-1.el7 will be installed 11 --> Processing Dependency: python-stevedore for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 12 --> Processing Dependency: python-pbr for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 13 --> Processing Dependency: python-oslo-utils for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 14 --> Processing Dependency: python-oslo-serialization for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 15 --> Processing Dependency: python-oslo-i18n for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 16 --> Processing Dependency: python-oslo-config for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 17 --> Processing Dependency: python-os-client-config for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 18 --> Processing Dependency: python-novaclient for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 19 --> Processing Dependency: python-neutronclient for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 20 --> Processing Dependency: python-keystoneclient for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 21 --> Processing Dependency: python-glanceclient for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 22 --> Processing Dependency: python-crypto for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 23 --> Processing Dependency: python-cliff-tablib for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 24 --> Processing Dependency: python-cliff for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 25 --> Processing Dependency: python-cinderclient for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 26 --> Processing Dependency: python-babel for package: python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 27 --> Running transaction check 28 ---> Package python-babel.noarch 0:1.3-6.el7 will be installed 29 --> Processing Dependency: pytz for package: python-babel-1.3-6.el7.noarch 30 ---> Package python-cinderclient.noarch 0:1.4.0-1.el7 will be installed 31 --> Processing Dependency: python-simplejson for package: python-cinderclient-1.4.0-1.el7.noarch 32 ---> Package python-cliff.noarch 0:1.15.0-1.el7 will be installed 33 --> Processing Dependency: python-cmd2 >= 0.6.7 for package: python-cliff-1.15.0-1.el7.noarch 34 --> Processing Dependency: python-unicodecsv for package: python-cliff-1.15.0-1.el7.noarch 35 ---> Package python-cliff-tablib.noarch 0:1.1-3.el7 will be installed 36 --> Processing Dependency: python-tablib for package: python-cliff-tablib-1.1-3.el7.noarch 37 ---> Package python-crypto.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7.centos will be installed 38 ---> Package python-glanceclient.noarch 1:1.1.0-1.el7 will be installed 39 --> Processing Dependency: python-warlock for package: 1:python-glanceclient-1.1.0-1.el7.noarch 40 --> Processing Dependency: python-httplib2 for package: 1:python-glanceclient-1.1.0-1.el7.noarch 41 ---> Package python-keystoneclient.noarch 1:1.7.2-1.el7 will be installed 42 --> Processing Dependency: python-iso8601 >= 0.1.9 for package: 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 43 --> Processing Dependency: python-debtcollector >= 0.3.0 for package: 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 44 --> Processing Dependency: python-webob for package: 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 45 --> Processing Dependency: python-netaddr for package: 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 46 --> Processing Dependency: python-keyring for package: 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 47 ---> Package python-neutronclient.noarch 0:3.1.0-1.el7 will be installed 48 --> Processing Dependency: pyparsing for package: python-neutronclient-3.1.0-1.el7.noarch 49 ---> Package python-novaclient.noarch 1:2.30.1-1.el7 will be installed 50 --> Processing Dependency: python-netifaces for package: 1:python-novaclient-2.30.1-1.el7.noarch 51 ---> Package python-pbr.noarch 0:1.8.1-2.el7 will be installed 52 ---> Package python-stevedore.noarch 0:1.8.0-1.el7 will be installed 53 ---> Package python2-os-client-config.noarch 0:1.7.4-1.el7 will be installed 54 --> Processing Dependency: python-fixtures for package: python2-os-client-config-1.7.4-1.el7.noarch 55 --> Processing Dependency: python-appdirs for package: python2-os-client-config-1.7.4-1.el7.noarch 56 ---> Package python2-oslo-config.noarch 2:2.4.0-1.el7 will be installed 57 ---> Package python2-oslo-i18n.noarch 0:2.6.0-1.el7 will be installed 58 ---> Package python2-oslo-serialization.noarch 0:1.9.0-1.el7 will be installed 59 --> Processing Dependency: python-msgpack for package: python2-oslo-serialization-1.9.0-1.el7.noarch 60 ---> Package python2-oslo-utils.noarch 0:2.5.0-1.el7 will be installed 61 --> Processing Dependency: python-monotonic for package: python2-oslo-utils-2.5.0-1.el7.noarch 62 --> Running transaction check 63 ---> Package pyparsing.noarch 0:2.0.3-1.el7 will be installed 64 ---> Package python-cmd2.noarch 0:0.6.8-3.el7 will be installed 65 ---> Package python-fixtures.noarch 0:0.3.14-3.el7 will be installed 66 --> Processing Dependency: python-testtools for package: python-fixtures-0.3.14-3.el7.noarch 67 ---> Package python-httplib2.noarch 0:0.7.7-3.el7 will be installed 68 ---> Package python-iso8601.noarch 0:0.1.10-1.el7 will be installed 69 ---> Package python-keyring.noarch 0:5.0-1.el7 will be installed 70 ---> Package python-monotonic.noarch 0:0.3-1.el7 will be installed 71 ---> Package python-msgpack.x86_64 0:0.4.6-1.el7 will be installed 72 ---> Package python-netaddr.noarch 0:0.7.18-1.el7 will be installed 73 ---> Package python-netifaces.x86_64 0:0.10.4-1.el7 will be installed 74 ---> Package python-simplejson.x86_64 0:3.3.3-1.el7 will be installed 75 ---> Package python-tablib.noarch 0:0.10.0-1.el7 will be installed 76 ---> Package python-unicodecsv.noarch 0:0.14.1-1.el7 will be installed 77 ---> Package python-warlock.noarch 0:1.0.1-1.el7 will be installed 78 --> Processing Dependency: python-jsonschema for package: python-warlock-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch 79 ---> Package python-webob.noarch 0:1.2.3-6.el7 will be installed 80 ---> Package python2-appdirs.noarch 0:1.4.0-4.el7 will be installed 81 ---> Package python2-debtcollector.noarch 0:0.8.0-1.el7 will be installed 82 --> Processing Dependency: python-wrapt for package: python2-debtcollector-0.8.0-1.el7.noarch 83 ---> Package pytz.noarch 0:2012d-5.el7 will be installed 84 --> Running transaction check 85 ---> Package python-jsonschema.noarch 0:2.3.0-1.el7 will be installed 86 ---> Package python-testtools.noarch 0:1.8.0-2.el7 will be installed 87 --> Processing Dependency: python-unittest2 >= 0.8.0 for package: python-testtools-1.8.0-2.el7.noarch 88 --> Processing Dependency: python-mimeparse for package: python-testtools-1.8.0-2.el7.noarch 89 --> Processing Dependency: python-extras for package: python-testtools-1.8.0-2.el7.noarch 90 ---> Package python-wrapt.x86_64 0:1.10.4-6.el7 will be installed 91 --> Running transaction check 92 ---> Package python-extras.noarch 0:0.0.3-2.el7 will be installed 93 ---> Package python-mimeparse.noarch 0:0.1.4-2.el7 will be installed 94 ---> Package python-unittest2.noarch 0:1.0.1-1.el7 will be installed 95 --> Processing Dependency: python-traceback2 for package: python-unittest2-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch 96 --> Running transaction check 97 ---> Package python-traceback2.noarch 0:1.4.0-2.el7 will be installed 98 --> Processing Dependency: python-linecache2 for package: python-traceback2-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 99 --> Running transaction check 100 ---> Package python-linecache2.noarch 0:1.0.0-1.el7 will be installed 101 --> Finished Dependency Resolution 102 103 Dependencies Resolved 104 105 ============================================================================================================================================= 106 Package Arch Version Repository Size 107 ============================================================================================================================================= 108 Installing: 109 python-openstackclient noarch 1.7.1-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 431 k 110 Installing for dependencies: 111 pyparsing noarch 2.0.3-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 98 k 112 python-babel noarch 1.3-6.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 2.4 M 113 python-cinderclient noarch 1.4.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 186 k 114 python-cliff noarch 1.15.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 92 k 115 python-cliff-tablib noarch 1.1-3.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 71 k 116 python-cmd2 noarch 0.6.8-3.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 40 k 117 python-crypto x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7.centos extras 470 k 118 python-extras noarch 0.0.3-2.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 13 k 119 python-fixtures noarch 0.3.14-3.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 70 k 120 python-glanceclient noarch 1:1.1.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 248 k 121 python-httplib2 noarch 0.7.7-3.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 70 k 122 python-iso8601 noarch 0.1.10-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 17 k 123 python-jsonschema noarch 2.3.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 60 k 124 python-keyring noarch 5.0-1.el7 epel 116 k 125 python-keystoneclient noarch 1:1.7.2-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 606 k 126 python-linecache2 noarch 1.0.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 11 k 127 python-mimeparse noarch 0.1.4-2.el7 epel 9.3 k 128 python-monotonic noarch 0.3-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 8.0 k 129 python-msgpack x86_64 0.4.6-1.el7 epel 73 k 130 python-netaddr noarch 0.7.18-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 1.3 M 131 python-netifaces x86_64 0.10.4-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 17 k 132 python-neutronclient noarch 3.1.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 182 k 133 python-novaclient noarch 1:2.30.1-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 254 k 134 python-pbr noarch 1.8.1-2.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 161 k 135 python-simplejson x86_64 3.3.3-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 171 k 136 python-stevedore noarch 1.8.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 54 k 137 python-tablib noarch 0.10.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 747 k 138 python-testtools noarch 1.8.0-2.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 301 k 139 python-traceback2 noarch 1.4.0-2.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 18 k 140 python-unicodecsv noarch 0.14.1-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 25 k 141 python-unittest2 noarch 1.0.1-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 171 k 142 python-warlock noarch 1.0.1-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 14 k 143 python-webob noarch 1.2.3-6.el7 base 202 k 144 python-wrapt x86_64 1.10.4-6.el7 epel 45 k 145 python2-appdirs noarch 1.4.0-4.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 16 k 146 python2-debtcollector noarch 0.8.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 27 k 147 python2-os-client-config noarch 1.7.4-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 48 k 148 python2-oslo-config noarch 2:2.4.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 136 k 149 python2-oslo-i18n noarch 2.6.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 55 k 150 python2-oslo-serialization noarch 1.9.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 27 k 151 python2-oslo-utils noarch 2.5.0-1.el7 centos-openstack-liberty 96 k 152 pytz noarch 2012d-5.el7 base 38 k 153 154 Transaction Summary 155 ============================================================================================================================================= 156 Install 1 Package (+42 Dependent packages) 157 158 Total download size: 9.1 M 159 Installed size: 40 M 160 Is this ok [y/d/N]: y 161 Downloading packages: 162 (1/43): pyparsing-2.0.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 98 kB 00:00:01 163 (2/43): python-cinderclient-1.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 186 kB 00:00:00 164 (3/43): python-cliff-1.15.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 92 kB 00:00:00 165 (4/43): python-cliff-tablib-1.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 71 kB 00:00:00 166 (5/43): python-cmd2-0.6.8-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 40 kB 00:00:00 167 (6/43): python-extras-0.0.3-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 13 kB 00:00:00 168 (7/43): python-crypto-2.6.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 470 kB 00:00:00 169 (8/43): python-fixtures-0.3.14-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 70 kB 00:00:00 170 (9/43): python-glanceclient-1.1.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 248 kB 00:00:00 171 (10/43): python-httplib2-0.7.7-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 70 kB 00:00:00 172 (11/43): python-iso8601-0.1.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 17 kB 00:00:00 173 (12/43): python-jsonschema-2.3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 60 kB 00:00:00 174 (13/43): python-keyring-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 116 kB 00:00:00 175 (14/43): python-babel-1.3-6.el7.noarch.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:04 176 (15/43): python-mimeparse-0.1.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 9.3 kB 00:00:00 177 (16/43): python-linecache2-1.0.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 11 kB 00:00:00 178 (17/43): python-msgpack-0.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 73 kB 00:00:00 179 (18/43): python-monotonic-0.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 8.0 kB 00:00:00 180 (19/43): python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 606 kB 00:00:02 181 (20/43): python-netifaces-0.10.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00:00 182 (21/43): python-neutronclient-3.1.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 182 kB 00:00:00 183 (22/43): python-novaclient-2.30.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 254 kB 00:00:01 184 (23/43): python-netaddr-0.7.18-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:00:04 185 (24/43): python-pbr-1.8.1-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 161 kB 00:00:00 186 (25/43): python-simplejson-3.3.3-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 171 kB 00:00:00 187 (26/43): python-stevedore-1.8.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 54 kB 00:00:00 188 (27/43): python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 431 kB 00:00:03 189 (28/43): python-testtools-1.8.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 301 kB 00:00:01 190 (29/43): python-traceback2-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 18 kB 00:00:00 191 (30/43): python-unicodecsv-0.14.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 25 kB 00:00:00 192 (31/43): python-unittest2-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 171 kB 00:00:00 193 (32/43): python-webob-1.2.3-6.el7.noarch.rpm | 202 kB 00:00:00 194 (33/43): python-wrapt-1.10.4-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 45 kB 00:00:00 195 (34/43): python-warlock-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00:00 196 (35/43): python2-appdirs-1.4.0-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 16 kB 00:00:00 197 (36/43): python2-debtcollector-0.8.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 27 kB 00:00:00 198 (37/43): python2-os-client-config-1.7.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 48 kB 00:00:00 199 (38/43): python-tablib-0.10.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 747 kB 00:00:04 200 (39/43): python2-oslo-config-2.4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 136 kB 00:00:00 201 (40/43): python2-oslo-i18n-2.6.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 55 kB 00:00:00 202 (41/43): pytz-2012d-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 38 kB 00:00:00 203 (42/43): python2-oslo-serialization-1.9.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 27 kB 00:00:00 204 (43/43): python2-oslo-utils-2.5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 96 kB 00:00:00 205 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 206 Total 591 kB/s | 9.1 MB 00:00:15 207 Running transaction check 208 Running transaction test 209 Transaction test succeeded 210 Running transaction 211 Installing : python-pbr-1.8.1-2.el7.noarch 1/43 212 Installing : python-iso8601-0.1.10-1.el7.noarch 2/43 213 Installing : python-stevedore-1.8.0-1.el7.noarch 3/43 214 Installing : python-netaddr-0.7.18-1.el7.noarch 4/43 215 Installing : 2:python2-oslo-config-2.4.0-1.el7.noarch 5/43 216 Installing : pytz-2012d-5.el7.noarch 6/43 217 Installing : python-babel-1.3-6.el7.noarch 7/43 218 Installing : python-simplejson-3.3.3-1.el7.x86_64 8/43 219 Installing : python-netifaces-0.10.4-1.el7.x86_64 9/43 220 Installing : pyparsing-2.0.3-1.el7.noarch 10/43 221 Installing : python-keyring-5.0-1.el7.noarch 11/43 222 Installing : python-cmd2-0.6.8-3.el7.noarch 12/43 223 Installing : python2-appdirs-1.4.0-4.el7.noarch 13/43 224 Installing : python-unicodecsv-0.14.1-1.el7.noarch 14/43 225 Installing : python-cliff-1.15.0-1.el7.noarch 15/43 226 Installing : python-msgpack-0.4.6-1.el7.x86_64 16/43 227 Installing : python-webob-1.2.3-6.el7.noarch 17/43 228 Installing : python-httplib2-0.7.7-3.el7.noarch 18/43 229 Installing : python-monotonic-0.3-1.el7.noarch 19/43 230 Installing : python-jsonschema-2.3.0-1.el7.noarch 20/43 231 Installing : python-warlock-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch 21/43 232 Installing : python-wrapt-1.10.4-6.el7.x86_64 22/43 233 Installing : python2-debtcollector-0.8.0-1.el7.noarch 23/43 234 Installing : python-crypto-2.6.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64 24/43 235 Installing : python-linecache2-1.0.0-1.el7.noarch 25/43 236 Installing : python-traceback2-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 26/43 237 Installing : python-unittest2-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch 27/43 238 Installing : python-mimeparse-0.1.4-2.el7.noarch 28/43 239 Installing : python-extras-0.0.3-2.el7.noarch 29/43 240 Installing : python-testtools-1.8.0-2.el7.noarch 30/43 241 Installing : python-fixtures-0.3.14-3.el7.noarch 31/43 242 Installing : python2-oslo-i18n-2.6.0-1.el7.noarch 32/43 243 Installing : python2-oslo-utils-2.5.0-1.el7.noarch 33/43 244 Installing : python2-oslo-serialization-1.9.0-1.el7.noarch 34/43 245 Installing : 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 35/43 246 Installing : python-cinderclient-1.4.0-1.el7.noarch 36/43 247 Installing : 1:python-glanceclient-1.1.0-1.el7.noarch 37/43 248 Installing : python-neutronclient-3.1.0-1.el7.noarch 38/43 249 Installing : 1:python-novaclient-2.30.1-1.el7.noarch 39/43 250 Installing : python2-os-client-config-1.7.4-1.el7.noarch 40/43 251 Installing : python-tablib-0.10.0-1.el7.noarch 41/43 252 Installing : python-cliff-tablib-1.1-3.el7.noarch 42/43 253 Installing : python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 43/43 254 Verifying : python2-debtcollector-0.8.0-1.el7.noarch 1/43 255 Verifying : python-unittest2-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch 2/43 256 Verifying : python-cmd2-0.6.8-3.el7.noarch 3/43 257 Verifying : python-cliff-tablib-1.1-3.el7.noarch 4/43 258 Verifying : python-pbr-1.8.1-2.el7.noarch 5/43 259 Verifying : python-tablib-0.10.0-1.el7.noarch 6/43 260 Verifying : python-extras-0.0.3-2.el7.noarch 7/43 261 Verifying : python-openstackclient-1.7.1-1.el7.noarch 8/43 262 Verifying : python-testtools-1.8.0-2.el7.noarch 9/43 263 Verifying : python-fixtures-0.3.14-3.el7.noarch 10/43 264 Verifying : 1:python-keystoneclient-1.7.2-1.el7.noarch 11/43 265 Verifying : python-warlock-1.0.1-1.el7.noarch 12/43 266 Verifying : python-keyring-5.0-1.el7.noarch 13/43 267 Verifying : python2-os-client-config-1.7.4-1.el7.noarch 14/43 268 Verifying : python-mimeparse-0.1.4-2.el7.noarch 15/43 269 Verifying : python-linecache2-1.0.0-1.el7.noarch 16/43 270 Verifying : python-netaddr-0.7.18-1.el7.noarch 17/43 271 Verifying : python-simplejson-3.3.3-1.el7.x86_64 18/43 272 Verifying : python-crypto-2.6.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64 19/43 273 Verifying : python-iso8601-0.1.10-1.el7.noarch 20/43 274 Verifying : python-wrapt-1.10.4-6.el7.x86_64 21/43 275 Verifying : python-cinderclient-1.4.0-1.el7.noarch 22/43 276 Verifying : python-stevedore-1.8.0-1.el7.noarch 23/43 277 Verifying : python-jsonschema-2.3.0-1.el7.noarch 24/43 278 Verifying : python-monotonic-0.3-1.el7.noarch 25/43 279 Verifying : pyparsing-2.0.3-1.el7.noarch 26/43 280 Verifying : 1:python-glanceclient-1.1.0-1.el7.noarch 27/43 281 Verifying : python-netifaces-0.10.4-1.el7.x86_64 28/43 282 Verifying : python-traceback2-1.4.0-2.el7.noarch 29/43 283 Verifying : python-httplib2-0.7.7-3.el7.noarch 30/43 284 Verifying : python2-oslo-utils-2.5.0-1.el7.noarch 31/43 285 Verifying : python-webob-1.2.3-6.el7.noarch 32/43 286 Verifying : python-msgpack-0.4.6-1.el7.x86_64 33/43 287 Verifying : python-unicodecsv-0.14.1-1.el7.noarch 34/43 288 Verifying : python2-oslo-serialization-1.9.0-1.el7.noarch 35/43 289 Verifying : python-neutronclient-3.1.0-1.el7.noarch 36/43 290 Verifying : 2:python2-oslo-config-2.4.0-1.el7.noarch 37/43 291 Verifying : python-cliff-1.15.0-1.el7.noarch 38/43 292 Verifying : python-babel-1.3-6.el7.noarch 39/43 293 Verifying : python2-appdirs-1.4.0-4.el7.noarch 40/43 294 Verifying : python2-oslo-i18n-2.6.0-1.el7.noarch 41/43 295 Verifying : 1:python-novaclient-2.30.1-1.el7.noarch 42/43 296 Verifying : pytz-2012d-5.el7.noarch 43/43 297 298 Installed: 299 python-openstackclient.noarch 0:1.7.1-1.el7 300 301 Dependency Installed: 302 pyparsing.noarch 0:2.0.3-1.el7 python-babel.noarch 0:1.3-6.el7 python-cinderclient.noarch 0:1.4.0-1.el7 303 python-cliff.noarch 0:1.15.0-1.el7 python-cliff-tablib.noarch 0:1.1-3.el7 python-cmd2.noarch 0:0.6.8-3.el7 304 python-crypto.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7.centos python-extras.noarch 0:0.0.3-2.el7 python-fixtures.noarch 0:0.3.14-3.el7 305 python-glanceclient.noarch 1:1.1.0-1.el7 python-httplib2.noarch 0:0.7.7-3.el7 python-iso8601.noarch 0:0.1.10-1.el7 306 python-jsonschema.noarch 0:2.3.0-1.el7 python-keyring.noarch 0:5.0-1.el7 python-keystoneclient.noarch 1:1.7.2-1.el7 307 python-linecache2.noarch 0:1.0.0-1.el7 python-mimeparse.noarch 0:0.1.4-2.el7 python-monotonic.noarch 0:0.3-1.el7 308 python-msgpack.x86_64 0:0.4.6-1.el7 python-netaddr.noarch 0:0.7.18-1.el7 python-netifaces.x86_64 0:0.10.4-1.el7 309 python-neutronclient.noarch 0:3.1.0-1.el7 python-novaclient.noarch 1:2.30.1-1.el7 python-pbr.noarch 0:1.8.1-2.el7 310 python-simplejson.x86_64 0:3.3.3-1.el7 python-stevedore.noarch 0:1.8.0-1.el7 python-tablib.noarch 0:0.10.0-1.el7 311 python-testtools.noarch 0:1.8.0-2.el7 python-traceback2.noarch 0:1.4.0-2.el7 python-unicodecsv.noarch 0:0.14.1-1.el7 312 python-unittest2.noarch 0:1.0.1-1.el7 python-warlock.noarch 0:1.0.1-1.el7 python-webob.noarch 0:1.2.3-6.el7 313 python-wrapt.x86_64 0:1.10.4-6.el7 python2-appdirs.noarch 0:1.4.0-4.el7 python2-debtcollector.noarch 0:0.8.0-1.el7 314 python2-os-client-config.noarch 0:1.7.4-1.el7 python2-oslo-config.noarch 2:2.4.0-1.el7 python2-oslo-i18n.noarch 0:2.6.0-1.el7 315 python2-oslo-serialization.noarch 0:1.9.0-1.el7 python2-oslo-utils.noarch 0:2.5.0-1.el7 pytz.noarch 0:2012d-5.el7 316 317 Complete!
测试一下呗，看看是否安装成功了，就执行一下openstack指令，随便试试看，看看都出现些什么：
1 [stack@ip-10-121-5-244 devstack]$ openstack 2 (openstack) ll 3 openstack: 'll' is not an openstack command. See 'openstack --help'. 4 Did you mean one of these? 5 help 6 ip fixed add 7 ip fixed remove 8 ip floating add 9 ip floating create 10 ip floating delete 11 ip floating list 12 ip floating pool list 13 ip floating remove 14 role add 15 role create 16 role delete 17 role list 18 role remove 19 role show 20 (openstack)
是不是有命令行的功能了，其实还是比较简单的，友好的Usage信息。
下面还要说下，openstack的命令行工作，很多命令都需要设置很多参数，主要是openstack的不同的project之间相互通信，以及不同的用户的权限不同，API大多都涉及到权限认证等过程。为了使用的方便，需要将这些参数设置为环境变量，也是官方建议的做法。若不做这个，每次输入命令的时候带上参数其实也可以，只是比较麻烦：
1 [root@ip-10-121-5-244 opt]# openstack project list 2 Missing parameter(s): 3 Set a username with --os-username, OS_USERNAME, or auth.username 4 Set an authentication URL, with --os-auth-url, OS_AUTH_URL or auth.auth_url 5 Set a scope, such as a project or domain, set a project scope with --os-project-name, OS_PROJECT_NAME or auth.project_name, set a domain scope with --os-domain-name, OS_DOMAIN_NAME or auth.domain_name
由于我有自己的devstack环境，所以，我直接登录到horizon的web界面，在project>compute>access&security下面的API access表下面，可以下载OpenStack RC file，下载后，将其source一下，就是实现变量export到当前termianl的环境变量列表中去，使用command 的时候，就可以不需要输入一些常规的参数了。
1 [root@ip-10-121-5-244 opt]# echo $OS_USERNAME #执行source命令之前，OS_USERNAME是没有环境变量值的。 2 3 [root@ip-10-121-5-244 opt]# source admin-openrc.sh #执行source命令后，需要输入用户名对应的密码，这里是admin的用户 4 Please enter your OpenStack Password: 5 [root@ip-10-121-5-244 opt]# echo $OS_USERNAME #再查看，是不是有值了，admin就在环境变量里面了 6 admin 7 [root@ip-10-121-5-244 opt]# 8 [root@ip-10-121-5-244 opt]# openstack project list #再执行这个命令，是不是可以查看信息了，没有提示missing parameter(s)了吧。。 9 +----------------------------------+--------------------+ 10 | ID | Name | 11 +----------------------------------+--------------------+ 12 | 084a681f7fb44883b2ea6a4d17685156 | demo | 13 | 1710e04fb87b4dfe8fe2eb3f7e2bee2d | admin | 14 | 49af56f946a34e73a2289a3c3cf135c0 | alt_demo | 15 | 52ea2756ed024ecfb79dbb6e81cbe367 | invisible_to_admin | 16 | e3600e0af95346f5996359e3dea3ef36 | service | 17 +----------------------------------+--------------------+
最后，列举一下，可能的client包，以及对应的功能描述：
OpenStack services and clients
| Service | Client | Package | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Application catalog | murano | python-muranoclient | Creates and manages applications. |
| Block Storage | cinder | python-cinderclient | Creates and manages volumes. |
| Clustering service | senlin | python-senlinclient | Creates and manages clustering services. |
| Compute | nova | python-novaclient | Creates and manages images, instances, and flavors. |
| Containers service | magnum | python-magnumclient | Creates and manages containers. |
| Database service | trove | python-troveclient | Creates and manages databases. |
| Data processing | sahara | python-saharaclient | Creates and manages Hadoop clusters on OpenStack. |
| Deployment service | tuskar | python-tuskarclient | Plans Deployments. |
| Identity | keystone | python-keystoneclient | Creates and manages users, tenants, roles, endpoints, and credentials. |
| Image service | glance | python-glanceclient | Creates and manages images. |
| Key Manager service | barbican | python-barbicanclient | Creates and manages keys. |
| Monitoring | monasca | python-monascaclient | Monitoring solution. |
| Networking | neutron | python-neutronclient | Configures networks for guest servers. |
| Object Storage | swift | python-swiftclient | Gathers statistics, lists items, updates metadata, and uploads, downloads, and deletes files stored by the Object Storage service. Gains access to an Object Storage installation for ad hoc processing. |
| Orchestration | heat | python-heatclient | Launches stacks from templates, views details of running stacks including events and resources, and updates and deletes stacks. |
| Rating service | cloudkitty | python-cloudkittyclient | Rating service. |
| Shared file systems | manila | python-manilaclient | Creates and manages shared file systems. |
| Telemetry | ceilometer | python-ceilometerclient | Creates and collects measurements across OpenStack. |
| Telemetry v3 | gnocchi | python-gnocchiclient | Creates and collects measurements across OpenStack. |
| Workflow service | mistral | python-mistralclient | Workflow service for OpenStack cloud. |
| Common client | openstack | python-openstackclient | Common client for the OpenStack project. |