WPF样式

样式是改变控件的基础方法

举例：改变三个Button的外观属性

 

XAML代码：

<Window x:Class="样式.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:样式"
        mc:Ignorable="d" Loaded="Window_Loaded"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300">
    <WrapPanel Name="wrapple">
        <Button Content="Button1"/>
        <Button Content="Button2"/>
        <Button Content="Button3"/>
    </WrapPanel>
</Window>

改变控件外观的实现方法：

1.通过代码实现

在加载Windows窗体时的Window_Loaded事件中改变控件的旋转角度、颜色、边距和高度

namespace 样式
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            int count = this.wrapple.Children.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            {
                Button btn = wrapple.Children[i] as Button;
                RotateTransform rotatetransform = new RotateTransform();
                rotatetransform.Angle = 45;
                btn.RenderTransform = rotatetransform;
                btn.Background = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Gray);
                btn.Height=50;
                btn.Margin = new Thickness(35,0,0,0);
            }
        }
    }
}

 

2.在XAML中改变

<Window x:Class="样式.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:样式"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300">
    <WrapPanel Name="wrapple">
        <Button Content="Button1" Height="50" Margin="35,0,0,0" Background="Gray">
            <Button.RenderTransform>
                <RotateTransform Angle="45"/>
            </Button.RenderTransform>
        </Button>
        <Button Content="Button2" Height="50" Margin="35,0,0,0" Background="Gray">
            <Button.RenderTransform>
                <RotateTransform Angle="45"/>
            </Button.RenderTransform>
        </Button>
        <Button Content="Button3" Height="50" Margin="35,0,0,0" Background="Gray">
            <Button.RenderTransform>
                <RotateTransform Angle="45"/>
            </Button.RenderTransform>
        </Button>
    </WrapPanel>
</Window>

存在问题：当Button数量较多时需要不断地复制粘贴。

解决方法：设置Button的样式

其中既可以通过关键字Key或TargetStyle设置控件的样式

（1）TargetType

<Window x:Class="样式.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:样式"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Style TargetType="Button">
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="50"/>
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="35,0,0,0"/>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Gray"/>
            <Setter Property="RenderTransform">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <RotateTransform Angle="45"/>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>
    <WrapPanel Name="wrapple">
        <Button Content="Button1"/>
        <Button Content="Button2"/>
        <Button Content="Button3"/>
    </WrapPanel>
</Window>

 

(2) Key

<Window x:Class="样式.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:样式"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Style x:Key="ButtonStyle" TargetType="Button">
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="50"/>
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="35,0,0,0"/>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Gray"/>
            <Setter Property="RenderTransform">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <RotateTransform Angle="45"/>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>
    <WrapPanel Name="wrapple">
        <Button Content="Button1" Style="{StaticResource ButtonStyle}"/>
        <Button Content="Button2" Style="{StaticResource ButtonStyle}"/>
        <Button Content="Button3" Style="{StaticResource ButtonStyle}"/>
    </WrapPanel>
</Window>

 

样式的继承：

样式的继承通过BaseOn属性实现，将两个控件共同的属性抽象为一个基类的样式，然后两个控件的样式均继承自这个基类样式

举例：

通过基类样式设置Button和RadioButton的样式，其中二者均派生自Control控件

 

<Window x:Class="样式.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:样式"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Style  TargetType="Control">
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="50"/>
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="35,0,0,0"/>
            <Setter Property="RenderTransform">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <RotateTransform Angle="45"/>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
        <Style BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type Control}}" TargetType="Button">
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Blue"/>
        </Style>
        <Style BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type Control}}" TargetType="RadioButton">
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Red"/>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>
    <WrapPanel Name="wrapple">
        <Button Content="Button" />
        <RadioButton Content="RadioButton"/>
    </WrapPanel>
</Window>

触发器WPF的触发器有三种分别为：

（1）属性触发器Trigger：如上所示

（2）数据触发器DataTrigger:可以绑定普通的.NET属性，不仅仅是依赖属性

（3）事件触发器EventTrigger:触发路由事件时会被调用