爬虫入门（2）

requests库入门实操我的个人博客

• 京东商品页面爬取
• 亚马逊商品页面的爬取
• 百度/360搜索关键字提交
• IP地址归属地查询
• 网络图片的爬取和储存

1.京东商品页面的爬取

华为nova3

import requests
def GetHTMLText(url):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
        return r.text[:1000]
    except:
        print("爬取失败")
if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = "https://item.jd.com/30185690434.html"
    print(GetHTMLText(url))

2.亚马孙商品页面的爬取

某些网站可能有反爬机制。通常的反爬策略有:

1. 通过Headers反爬虫
2. 基于用户行为反爬虫
3. 动态页面的反爬虫
   参考

#如网站对Headers的User-Agent进行检测，可定制请求头伪装成浏览器
import requests
def GetHTMLText(url):
    try:
        #定制请求头
        headers = {"user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0"}

        r = requests.get(url,headers = headers)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
        return r.text[:1000]
    except:
        print("爬取失败")
if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = "https://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B01M8L5Z3Y"
    print(GetHTMLText(url))

3.百度/360搜索关键字提交

使用params参数,利用接口keyword

#百度搜索引擎关键词提交接口: http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=keyword
#360搜索引擎关键词提交接口: http://www.so.com/s?q=keyword

import requests


def Get(url):
    headers = {'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'}
    key_word = {'wd':'python'}
    try:
        r=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=key_word)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
        print(r.request.url)
        #return r.request.url
        return r.text
    except:
        return "爬取失败"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = "http://www.baidu.com/s"
    #print(Get(url))
    print(len(Get(url)))

4.IP地址归属地查询

使用IP138的API接口
http://m.ip138.com/ip.asp?ip=ipaddress

# ip地址查询
import requests

url ="http://m.ip138.com/ip.asp?ip="
ip = str(input())
try:
    r= requests.get(url+ip)
    r.raise_for_status()
    print(r.status_code)
    #r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    print(r.text[-500:])
except:
    print("failed")

5.网络图片的爬取和储存

# spider_for_imgs

import requests
import os

url = "http://n.sinaimg.cn/sinacn12/w495h787/20180315/1923-fyscsmv9949374.jpg"
#C:UsersAdministratorDesktopspiderfirst weekimgs/
root = "C://Users/Administrator/Desktop/spider/first week/imgs/"

path = root + url.split('/')[-1]

try:
    if not os.path.exists(root):
        os.mkdir(root)
    if not os.path.exists(path):
        r = requests.get(url)
        with open(path, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(r.content)
            f.close()
            print("save successfully!")
    else:
        print("file already exist!")
except:
    print("spider fail")