mysql5.7二进制包进行多实例安装

一、需求

在一台服务器上安装mysql5.7,并且部署两个实例：3306用于本机主库，3307用于其他MYSQL服务器的从库

二、下载mysql二进制包

[root@push-5-222 src]# mkdir /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12
[root@push-5-222 src]# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

三、解压、添加环境变量

[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26
[root@push-5-222 /]# vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin
root@push-5-222 /]# source /etc/profile

四、配置3306和3307各自对应的目录

数据目录: /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306 /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/330X

日志目录:/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306 /home/mysql-5.7.26/log/330X

socket：/var/lib/mysql/330X/mysql.sock  

pid-file：/var/run/mysqld/330X/mysqld.pid

log-error：/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/330X/mysqld.log

[root@push-5-222 home]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3307
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/3306
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/3307
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/3306
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/3307
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306
[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# mkdir -p /home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307

五、将对应的目录授权给mysql用户

[root@push-5-222 mysql-5.7.26]# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql-5.7.26/
[root@push-5-222 /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@push-5-222 /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld

六、编辑my-330x配置文件

[root@push-5-222 /]# mkdir /etc/mysql
[root@push-5-222 /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/mysql/
[root@push-5-222 /]# vim /etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf

[mysqld]
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
user=mysql
port=3306
datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
server_id=2223306
#log-bin=master-221
#binlog_format=row
#skip-grant-tables
symbolic-links=0
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/3306/mysqld.pid
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log

[root@push-5-222 /]# vim /etc/mysql/my-3307.cnf

[mysqld]
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
user=mysql
port=3307
datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3307
socket=/var/lib/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
server_id=2223307
symbolic-links=0
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/3307/mysqld.pid
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307/mysqld.log

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307/mysqld.log

 七、初始化3306和3307数据库

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/ --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306
[root@push-5-222 /]# 

没有报错，查看数据目录是否有系统数据文件

[root@push-5-222 /]# ll /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306
总用量 110628
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql       56 5月  27 08:46 auto.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql      419 5月  27 08:46 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 5月  27 08:46 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 5月  27 08:46 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 5月  27 08:46 ib_logfile1
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 5月  27 08:46 mysql
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     8192 5月  27 08:46 performance_schema
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     8192 5月  27 08:46 sys

再查看日志文件查找生成的随机root密码，用于第一次登陆数据库使用

[root@push-5-222 /]# cat /home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log |grep password
2019-05-27T00:46:31.406309Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -QOhO4-KccHl

此时，数据库初始化完成了，3307也是同样的操作

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3307.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/ --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3307
[root@push-5-222 /]# ll /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3307
总用量 110628
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql       56 5月  27 08:49 auto.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql      419 5月  27 08:49 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 5月  27 08:49 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 5月  27 08:49 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 5月  27 08:49 ib_logfile1
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     4096 5月  27 08:49 mysql
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     8192 5月  27 08:49 performance_schema
drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql     8192 5月  27 08:49 sys
[root@push-5-222 /]# cat /home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307/mysqld.log |grep password
2019-05-27T00:49:44.147398Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: <,XBJ?ksp4ZQ

八、分别启动3306和3307数据库

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf&
[1] 15879
[root@push-5-222 /]# 2019-05-27T00:55:47.964704Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log'.
2019-05-27T00:55:48.031905Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306

查看是否有mysqld进程

[root@push-5-222 /]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root     15879 14538  0 08:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf
mysql    16053 15879  0 08:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26 --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/3306/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock --port=3306
root     16120 14538  0 08:56 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3307.cnf&
[2] 16163
[root@push-5-222 /]# 2019-05-27T00:57:23.035649Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307/mysqld.log'.
2019-05-27T00:57:23.095446Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3307
^C
[root@push-5-222 /]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
root     15879 14538  0 08:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf
mysql    16053 15879  0 08:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26 --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3306 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3306/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/3306/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock --port=3306
root     16163 14538  0 08:57 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3307.cnf
mysql    16337 16163  3 08:57 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3307.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26 --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7.26/data/3307 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.26/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/home/mysql-5.7.26/log/3307/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/3307/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/3307/mysql.sock --port=3307
root     16371 14538  0 08:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

此时可以看到3306和3307两个mysqld_safe进程都启动了

八、分别登录3306和3307数据库修改密码

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxxxxxxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

注意，这里一定要使用 -S 方式来连接mysql，修改3307数据库密码

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxxxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

退出，并重新用新密码登录。

九、设置远程访问权限

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

，然后通过其他机器客户端连接3306成功。

3307也是同样操作

[root@push-5-222 /]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3307/mysql.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

此时，双实例安装成功。

十、多实例的启动和停止

停止3306实例:  mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

启动3306实例: mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my-3306.cnf & 

连接3306实例:mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/3306/mysql.sock