[root@master ~]# yum install mysql-server mysql -y
[root@master ~]# service mysqld start
[root@master ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 123.com
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf                   #开启二进制日志,设置id
[mysqld]
server-id = 1                    #backup这台设置2
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema     #忽略写入binlog日志的库
auto-increment-increment = 2             #字段变化增量值
auto-increment-offset = 1               #初始字段ID为1
slave-skip-errors = all                #忽略所有复制产生的错误     
[root@master ~]# service mysqld restart

  # mysql -uroot -p'密码'

先查看下log bin日志和pos值位置

wKiom1MJYSngwysqAADkFn9zcK8686.jpg

master配置如下:

[root@ master ~]# mysql -u root -p123.com
mysql> GRANT  REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED  BY 'replication';
mysql> flush  privileges;
mysql> change  master to
    ->  master_host='192.168.0.203',
    ->  master_user='replication',
    ->  master_password='replication',
    ->  master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
    ->  master_log_pos=106;  #对端状态显示的值
mysql> start  slave;         #启动同步

  backup配置如下:

[root@backup ~]#  mysql -u root -p123.com
mysql> GRANT  REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED  BY 'replication';
mysql> flush  privileges;
mysql> change  master to
    ->  master_host='192.168.0.202',
    ->  master_user='replication',
    ->  master_password='replication',
    ->  master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
    ->  master_log_pos=106;
mysql> start  slave;

#主主同步配置完毕,查看同步状态Slave_IO和Slave_SQL是YES说明主主同步成功。

wKioL1MJYQ7QfZfXAAGQt0H1o1c742.jpg

在master插入数据测试下:

wKiom1MJYUCC0nlQAAEk4ruZ3ys652.jpg

在backup查看是否同步成功:

wKioL1MJYXyyChXUAADPZraUk3Y684.jpg

可以看到已经成功同步过去,同样在backup插入到user表数据,一样同步过去,双主就做成功了。

2、配置keepalived实现热备

[root@backup ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel #安装依赖包

[root@master ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz 
[root@master ~]# tar -xf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@master ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.7/ keepalived  #根据实际情况修改 
[root@master ~]# cd keepalived
[root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install

#将keepalived配置成系统服务

[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived  
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@master  ~]#  chkconfig --add keepalived  
[root@master  ~]#  chkconfig keepalived on  
[root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/      #或者ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

配置keepalived
我们自己在新建一个配置文件,默认情况下keepalived启动时会去/etc/keepalived目录下找配置文件

  1. [root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  
    global_defs {    
         notification_email {    
             862572301@qq.com
         }    
         notification_email_from 862572301@qq.com   
         smtp_server 127.0.0.1    
         smtp_connect_timeout 30    
         router_id MYSQL_HA      #标识,双主相同 
    }    
       
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {    
         state BACKUP   #两台配置此处均是BACKUP    
         interface eth0    
         virtual_router_id 51    #主备相同
         priority 100             #优先级,另一台backup改为90    
         advert_int 1    
         nopreempt                  #不抢占,只在优先级高master的机器上设置即可,优先级低backup的机器不设置    
         authentication {    
             auth_type PASS    
             auth_pass 1111    
         }    
         virtual_ipaddress {    
             192.168.1.200    
         }    
    }    
       
    virtual_server 192.168.1.200 3306 {    
         delay_loop 2    #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态    
         #lb_algo wrr    #LVS算法,用不到,我们就关闭了    
         #lb_kind DR    #LVS模式,如果不关闭,备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL   
         persistence_timeout 60   #会话保持时间,同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器   
         protocol TCP    
         real_server 192.168.1.201 3306 {   #检测本地mysql,backup也要写检测本地mysql 
             weight 3    
             notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh   #当mysq服down时,执行此脚本,杀死keepalived实现切换    
             TCP_CHECK {    
                 connect_timeout 10    #连接超时时间    
                 nb_get_retry 3      #重连次数    
                 delay_before_retry 3   #重连间隔时间    
                 connect_port 3306      #健康检查端口
             }
         }  
    }
编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本
[root@master ~]# vi /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
[root@master ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

注:此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的,keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server 的服务状态,当发现real_server服务故障时,便触发此脚本;我们可以看到,脚本就一个命令,通过pkill keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程,从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外,我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作, 因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP,而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP

启动keepalived

[root@master ~]# /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D     或者/etc/init.d/keepalived start
[root@master ~]# ps -aux | grep keepalived

测试
找一台局域网PC,然后去ping  MySQL的VIP,这时候MySQL的VIP是可以ping的通的
停止MySQL服务,看keepalived健康检查程序是否会触发我们编写的脚本

#backup服务器只修改priority为90、nopreempt不设置、real_server设置本地IP。

#授权两台Mysql服务器允许root远程登录,用于在其他服务器登陆测试!

mysql> grant all on *.* to'root'@'192.168.0.%' identified by '123.com';

mysql> flush privileges;

3、测试高可用性

1、通过Mysql客户端通过VIP连接,看是否连接成功。

2、停止master这台mysql服务,是否能正常切换过去,可通过ip addr命令来查看VIP在哪台服务器上。

wKiom1MJYbCBORSGAAHChWpI93k009.jpg

3、可通过查看/var/log/messges日志,看出主备切换过程

4、master服务器故障恢复后,是否主动抢占资源,成为活动服务器。

附:keepalived-1.2.7 keepalived实现服务高可用 http://down.51cto.com/data/2440924 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

针对网卡做bond的做VIP: https://blog.51cto.com/sf1314/2073519 

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  
global_defs {    
     notification_email {    
         862572301@qq.com
     }    
     notification_email_from 862572301@qq.com   
     smtp_server 127.0.0.1    
     smtp_connect_timeout 30    
     router_id MYSQL_HA      #标识,双主相同 
}    
   
vrrp_instance VI_1 {    
     state BACKUP   #两台配置此处均是BACKUP    
     interface bond0.101                   #------->这边指定配置的聚合网卡bond0.101
     virtual_router_id 51    #主备相同
     priority 100             #优先级,另一台backup改为90    
     advert_int 1    
     nopreempt                  #不抢占,只在优先级高master的机器上设置即可,优先级低backup的机器不设置    
     authentication {    
         auth_type PASS    
         auth_pass 1111    
     }    
     virtual_ipaddress {    
         10.104.101.13/24                 #------->这边设置虚拟的VIP地址    
     }    
}    
    
virtual_server 10.104.101.13/24 3306 {            #--------->指定虚拟VIP地址的配置信息
     delay_loop 2    #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态    
     #lb_algo wrr    #LVS算法,用不到,我们就关闭了    
     #lb_kind DR    #LVS模式,如果不关闭,备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL   
     persistence_timeout 60   #会话保持时间,同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器   
     protocol TCP    
     real_server 10.104.101.12 3306 {   #10.104.101.12指本地配置的IP地址,检测本地mysql,backup也要写检测本地mysql 
         weight 3    
         notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh   #当mysq服down时,执行此脚本,杀死keepalived实现切换    
         TCP_CHECK {    
             connect_timeout 10    #连接超时时间    
             nb_get_retry 3      #重连次数    
             delay_before_retry 3   #重连间隔时间    
             connect_port 3306      #健康检查端口
         }
     }  
}
 

附:修改mysql账户下的replication的密码可以参考本文章:https://blog.51cto.com/sf1314/2094562