Redis简介
Redis 是一个开源(BSD许可)的,内存中的数据结构存储系统,它可以用作数据库、缓存和消息中间件。支持事务5.0版本新增stream数据类型。
Spring boot单数据源配置
Springboot的redis单数据源配置特别简单
(1)配置appliation.properties文件
spring.redis.host=x.x.x.x
spring.redis.port=6379
#redis的数据库号
spring.redis.database=4
spring.redis.timeout = 30000ms
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-active=200
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=0
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle=5
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-wait=20000ms
(2)StringRedisTemplate的基本操作
StringRedisTemplate自动关闭redis连接
//注入对象
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
#获取ValueOperations操作String数据
ValueOperations<String, String> valueOperations = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue();
valueOperations.set("strRedis","StringRedisTemplate");
valueOperations.get("strRedis");
#设置过期时间
set("timeStep", new Date().getTime()+"", 2 ,TimeUnit.MINUTES);
#获取SetOperations操作Set数据
SetOperations<String, String> set = stringRedisTemplate.opsForSet();
set.add("set1","22");
set.add("set1","33");
set.add("set1","44");
Set<String> resultSet =stringRedisTemplate.opsForSet().members("set1");
stringRedisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set2", "1","2","3");//向指定key中存放set集合
Set<String> resultSet1 =stringRedisTemplate.opsForSet().members("set2");
log.info("resultSet:"+resultSet);
log.info("resultSet1:"+resultSet1);
#获取ListOperations操作List数据,list可以用来实现队列。
//将数据添加到key对应的现有数据的左边
Long redisList = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("redisList", "3");
stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("redisList", "4");
//将数据添加到key对应的现有数据的右边
Long size = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().size("redisList");
//从左往右遍历
String leftPop = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().leftPop("redisList");
//从右往左遍历
String rightPop = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().rightPop("redisList");
//查询全部元素
List<String> range = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().range("redisList", 0, -1);
//查询前三个元素
List<String> range1 = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().range("redisList", 0, 3);
//从左往右删除list中元素A (1:从左往右 -1:从右往左 0:删除全部)
Long remove = stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().remove("key", 1, "A");
log.info("redisList----"+redisList);
log.info("size----"+size);
log.info("leftPop----"+leftPop);
log.info("rightPop----"+rightPop);
log.info("range----"+range);
log.info("range1----"+range1);
log.info("remove----"+remove);
//判断key对应的map中是否存在hash
Boolean aBoolean = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey("hash", "hash1");
//往key对应的map中新增(key1,value1)
stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().put("hash", "hash1", "value1");
//获取key对应的map中hash1的值
Object o = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().get("hash", "hash1");
//删除key对应的map中多个子hash(可变参数)
Long delete = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().delete("hash", "key1", "key2", "key3");
//获取hash对应的map
Map<Object, Object> hash = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().entries("hash");
//获取hash对应的map中全部子hash集合
Set<Object> hash1 = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().keys("hash");
//获取hash对应的map中全部value集合
List<Object> hash2 = stringRedisTemplate.opsForHash().values("hash");
#删除键
Boolean key = stringRedisTemplate.delete("key");
#数字加x
Long count = stringRedisTemplate.boundValueOps("count").increment(1);//val +1
#获取过期时间,不设的话为-1
Long time = stringRedisTemplate.getExpire("count")
Spring boot多数据源配置,配置一个1号库,一个4号库
添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
修改application.properties配置文件
#1号库
spring.redis.redis-onedb.database=0
spring.redis.redis-onedb.hostName=192.168.90.42
spring.redis.redis-onedb.port=9110
spring.redis.redis-onedb.timeout=5000
#4号库
spring.redis.redis-fourdb.database=4
spring.redis.redis-fourdb.hostName=192.168.90.42
spring.redis.redis-fourdb.port=9110
spring.redis.redis-fourdb.timeout=5000
创建RedisConfig.java文件
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis.lettuce.pool")
@Scope(value = "prototype")
public GenericObjectPoolConfig redisPool(){
return new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis.redis-fourdb")
public RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisConfigA(){
return new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis.redis-onedb")
public RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisConfigB(){
return new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
}
@Primary
@Bean
public LettuceConnectionFactory factoryA(GenericObjectPoolConfig config, RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisConfigA){
LettuceClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder()
.poolConfig(config).commandTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(config.getMaxWaitMillis())).build();
return new LettuceConnectionFactory(redisConfigA, clientConfiguration);
}
@Bean
public LettuceConnectionFactory factoryB(GenericObjectPoolConfig config, RedisStandaloneConfiguration redisConfigB){
LettuceClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder()
.poolConfig(config).commandTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(config.getMaxWaitMillis())).build();
return new LettuceConnectionFactory(redisConfigB, clientConfiguration);
}
@Bean(name = "fourRedis")
public StringRedisTemplate redisBusTemplate(@Qualifier("factoryA") LettuceConnectionFactory factoryA){
StringRedisTemplate template = getRedisTemplate();
template.setConnectionFactory(factoryA);
return template;
}
@Bean(name = "oneRedis")
public StringRedisTemplate redisLoginTemplate(@Qualifier("factoryB")LettuceConnectionFactory factoryB){
StringRedisTemplate template = getRedisTemplate();
template.setConnectionFactory(factoryB);
return template;
}
private StringRedisTemplate getRedisTemplate(){
StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();
template.setValueSerializer(new GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer());
template.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
return template;
}
}
在需要使用的类,注入就可以使用
@Resource(name = "oneRedis")
private StringRedisTemplate oneRedis;
@Resource(name = "fourRedis")
private StringRedisTemplate fourRedis;
StringRedisTemplate实现事务
stringRedisTemplate.setEnableTransactionSupport(true);
try {
stringRedisTemplate.multi();//开启事务
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().increment("count", 1);
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().increment("count1", 2);
//提交
stringRedisTemplate.exec();
}catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
//开启回滚
stringRedisTemplate.discard();
}
注意:StringRedisTemplate开启事务之后,不释放连接。如果我们使用Spring事务管理不存在这个问题
StringRedisTemplate实现乐观锁
redisTemplate.watch("key"); // 1
redisTemplate.multi();
redisTemplate.boundValueOps("key").set(""+id);
List<Object> list= redisTemplate.exec();
System.out.println(list);
if(list != null ){
//操作成功
System.out.println(id+"操作成功");
}else{
//操作失败
System.out.println(id+"操作失败");
}
StringRedisTemplate实现pipe管道
StringRedisTemplate实现分布式锁
String lockKey = "key";
String lockValue = lockKey+System.currentTimeMillis();
// value需要记住用于解锁
while (true){
Boolean ifPresent = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().
setIfAbsent("redis-lock:" + lockKey, lockValue, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
if (ifPresent){
log.info("get redis-lock success");
break;
}
}
//解锁
String lockKey = "key";
String lockValue = lockKey + System.currentTimeMillis();
boolean result = false;
// value需要记住用于解锁
stringRedisTemplate.watch("redis-lock:" + lockKey);
String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("redis-lock:" + lockKey);
if (null == value){
result = true;
}else if (value.equals(lockValue)) {
stringRedisTemplate.delete("redis-lock:" + lockKey);
result = true;
}
stringRedisTemplate.unwatch();
Redis缓存击穿、穿透和雪崩
缓存击穿,是指一个key非常热点,在不停的扛着大并发,大并发集中对这一个点进
行访问,当这个key在失效的瞬间,持续的大并发就穿破缓存,直接请求数据库,就
像在一个屏障上凿开了一个洞
缓存穿透,是指查询一个数据库一定不存在的数据。正常的使用缓存流程大致是,
数据查询先进行缓存查询,如果key不存在或者key已经过期,再对数据库进行查
询,并把查询到的对象,放进缓存。如果数据库查询对象为空,则不放进缓存。
解决办法是即使查出的对象为空,也放入缓存时间设短一点。
缓存雪崩,是指在某一个时间段,缓存集中过期失效。
本文转自https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000019952021