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  • 断点续传

    引用:http://blog.csdn.net/wang_shaner/article/details/6293498

    (一)断点续传的原理 

      其实断点续传的原理很简单,就是在Http的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。打个比方,浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时,所发出的请求如下:

      假设服务器域名为wwww.sjtu.edu.cn,文件名为down.zip。

    GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1
    Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-
    excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*
    Accept-Language: zh-cn
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
    User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)
    Connection: Keep-Alive

     

    服务器收到请求后,按要求寻找请求的文件,提取文件的信息,然后返回给浏览器,返回信息如下:

    200
    Content-Length=106786028
    Accept-Ranges=bytes
    Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT
    ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
    Content-Type=application/octet-stream
    Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
    Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT


      所谓断点续传,也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给
    Web服务器的时候要多加一条信息--从哪里开始。

      下面是用自己编的一个"浏览器"来传递请求信息给Web服务器,要求从2000070字节开始。

    GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0
    User-Agent: NetFox
    RANGE: bytes=2000070-
    Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2


      仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070-;这一行的意思就是告诉服务器down.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传,前面的字节不用传了。

      服务器收到这个请求以后,返回的信息如下:

    206
    Content-Length=106786028
    Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
    Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT
    ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
    Content-Type=application/octet-stream
    Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
    Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT


      和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下,就会发现增加了一行:

    Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028


      返回的代码也改为206了,而不再是200了。

      知道了以上原理,就可以进行断点续传的编程了。

     

     (二)Java 实现断点续传的关键几点 

      (1)用什么方法实现提交RANGE: bytes=2000070-。
    当然用最原始的Socket是肯定能完成的,不过那样太费事了,其实Java的net包中提供了这种功能。代码如下:

    URL url = new URL(" http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip";;);
    HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection

    ();
    //设置User-Agent
    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
    //设置断点续传的开始位置
    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070");
    //获得输入流
    InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();


      从输入流中取出的字节流就是down.zip文件从2000070开始的字节流。大家看,其实断点续传用Java实现起来还是很简单的吧。接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。

      保存文件采用的方法

      我采用的是IO包中的RandAccessFile类。

      操作相当简单,假设从2000070处开始保存文件,代码如下:

    RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw");
    long nPos = 2000070;
    //定位文件指针到nPos位置
    oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
    byte[] b = new byte[1024];
    int nRead;
    //从输入流中读入字节流,然后写到文件中
    while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0)
    {
     oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead);
    }


      接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序 了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。

      (三)断点续传内核的实现 

      主要用了6个类,包括一个测试类:

      SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取,控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。

      FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。

      FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。

      SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息,如文件保存的目录,名字,抓取文件的URL等。

      Utility.java工具类,放一些简单的方法。

      TestMethod.java测试类。

     

    下面是源程序 : 


    **SiteFileFetch.java 
    */
    package NetFox;
    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.*;

    public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread {

    SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean
    long[] nStartPos; //开始位置
    long[] nEndPos; //结束位置
    FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象
    long nFileLength; //文件长度
    boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件
    boolean bStop = false; //停止标志
    File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息
    DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流

    public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException
    {
     siteInfoBean = bean;
     //tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));
     tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");
     if(tmpFile.exists ())
     {
      bFirst = false;
      read_nPos();
     }
     else
     {
      nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
      nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
     }
    }

    public void run()
    {
     //获得文件长度
     //分割文件
     //实例FileSplitterFetch
     //启动FileSplitterFetch线程
     //等待子线程返回
     try{
      if(bFirst)
      {
       nFileLength = getFileSize();
       if(nFileLength == -1)
       {
        System.err.println("File Length is not known!");
       }
       else if(nFileLength == -2)
       {
        System.err.println("File is not access!");
       }
      else
      {
       for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
       {
        nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));
       }
       for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++)
       {
        nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1];
       }
       nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength;
      }
     }

     //启动子线程
     fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];
     for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
     {
      fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
      siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(), nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);
      Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]);
      fileSplitterFetch[i].start();
     }
     // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
     siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);
     // Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ", nEndPos = " + nFileLength);
     // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();

     //等待子线程结束
     //int count = 0;
     //是否结束while循环
     boolean breakWhile = false;

     while(!bStop)
     {
      write_nPos();
      Utility.sleep(500);
      breakWhile = true;

      for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
      {
       if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)
       {
        breakWhile = false;
        break;
       }
      }
      if(breakWhile)
       break;

      //count++;
      //if(count>4)
      // siteStop();
     }

     System.err.println("文件下载结束!");
    }
    catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
    }

    //获得文件长度
    public long getFileSize()
    {
     int nFileLength = -1;
     try{
      URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());
      HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
      httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");

      int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();
      if(responseCode>=400)
      {
       processErrorCode(responseCode);
       return -2; //-2 represent access is error
      }

      String sHeader;

      for(int i=1;;i++)
      {
       //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());
       //Utility.log(in.readLine());
       sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
       if(sHeader!=null)
       {
        if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))
        {
         nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));
         break;
        }
       }
       else
       break;
      }
     }
     catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
     catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}

     Utility.log(nFileLength);
     return nFileLength;
    }

    //保存下载信息(文件指针位置)
    private void write_nPos()
    {
     try{
      output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile));
      output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);
      for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
      {
       // output.writeLong(nPos[i]);
       output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);
       output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);
      }
      output.close();
     }
     catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
     catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
    }

    //读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置)
    private void read_nPos()
    {
     try{
      DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile));
      int nCount = input.readInt();
      nStartPos = new long[nCount];
      nEndPos = new long[nCount];
      for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
      {
       nStartPos[i] = input.readLong();
       nEndPos[i] = input.readLong();
      }
      input.close();
     }
     catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
     catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
    }

    private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode)
    {
     System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode);
    }

    //停止文件下载
    public void siteStop()
    {
     bStop = true;
     for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
      fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();

    }
    }
    /*
    **FileSplitterFetch.java
    */
    package NetFox;

    import java.io.*;
    import java.net.*;

    public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread {

     String sURL; //File URL
     long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position
     long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position
     int nThreadID; //Thread's ID
     boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over
     boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical
     FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface

     public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException
     {
      this.sURL = sURL;
      this.nStartPos = nStart;
      this.nEndPos = nEnd;
      nThreadID = id;
      fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);
     }

    public void run()
    {
     while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
     {
      try{
       URL url = new URL(sURL);
       HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
       httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
       String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";
       httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);
       Utility.log(sProperty);
       InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();
       //logResponseHead(httpConnection);

       byte[] b = new byte[1024];
       int nRead;
       while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
       {
        nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);
        //if(nThreadID == 1)
        // Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);
       }

       Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!");
       bDownOver = true;
       //nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);
      }
      catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
     }
    }

    //打印 回应的头信息
    public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)
    {
     for(int i=1;;i++)
     {
      String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
      if(header!=null)
       //responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));
       Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header));
      else
       break;
     }
    }

    public void splitterStop()
    {
     bStop = true;
    }
    }

    /*
    **FileAccess.java
    */
    package NetFox;
    import java.io.*;

    public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{

     RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;
     long nPos;

     public FileAccessI() throws IOException
     {
      this("",0);
     }

     public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException
     {
      oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");
      this.nPos = nPos;
      oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
     }

     public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen)
     {
      int n = -1;
      try{
       oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);
       n = nLen;
      }
      catch(IOException e)
      {
       e.printStackTrace ();
      }

      return n;
     }
    }

    /*
    **SiteInfoBean.java
    */
    package NetFox;

    public class SiteInfoBean {
     private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL
     private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path
     private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name
     private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File

     public SiteInfoBean()
     {
      //default value of nSplitter is 5
      this("","","",5);
     }

     public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter)
     {
      sSiteURL= sURL;
      sFilePath = sPath;
      sFileName = sName;
      this.nSplitter = nSpiltter;
     }

     public String getSSiteURL()
     {
      return sSiteURL;
     }

     public void setSSiteURL(String value)
     {
      sSiteURL = value;
     }

     public String getSFilePath()
     {
      return sFilePath;
     }

     public void setSFilePath(String value)
     {
      sFilePath = value;
     }

     public String getSFileName()
     {
      return sFileName;
     }

     public void setSFileName(String value)
     {
      sFileName = value;
     }

     public int getNSplitter()
     {
      return nSplitter;
     }

     public void setNSplitter(int nCount)
     {
      nSplitter = nCount;
     }
    }

    /*
    **Utility.java
    */
    package NetFox;

    public class Utility {

     public Utility()
     {
     }

     public static void sleep(int nSecond)
     {
      try{
       Thread.sleep(nSecond);
      }
     catch(Exception e)
     {
      e.printStackTrace ();
     } 
    }

    public static void log(String sMsg)
    {
     System.err.println(sMsg);
    }

    public static void log(int sMsg)
    {
     System.err.println(sMsg);
    }
    }

    /*
    **TestMethod.java
    */
    package NetFox;

    public class TestMethod {

     public TestMethod()
     { ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe
      try{
       SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("    http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
       //SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("   http://localhost:8080/down.zip";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
       SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean);
       fileFetch.start();
      }
      catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
     }

     public static void main(String[] args)
     {
      new TestMethod();
     }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sode/p/2182251.html
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