一次“Error Domain=AVFoundationErrorDomain Code=-11841”的调试
起因
最近在重构视频输出模块的时候，调试碰到AVAssetReader 调用开始方法总是返回NO而失败，代码如下：
if ([reader startReading] == NO)
{
NSLog(@"Error reading from file at URL: %@", self.url);
return;
}
reader的创建代码如下，主要用的是GPUImageMovieCompostion.
- (AVAssetReader*)createAssetReader
{
NSError *error = nil;
AVAssetReader *assetReader = [AVAssetReader assetReaderWithAsset:self.compositon error:&error];
NSDictionary *outputSettings = @{(id)kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey: @(kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarFullRange)};
AVAssetReaderVideoCompositionOutput *readerVideoOutput = [AVAssetReaderVideoCompositionOutput assetReaderVideoCompositionOutputWithVideoTracks:[_compositon tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]
videoSettings:outputSettings];
readerVideoOutput.videoComposition = self.videoComposition;
readerVideoOutput.alwaysCopiesSampleData = NO;
if ([assetReader canAddOutput:readerVideoOutput]) {
[assetReader addOutput:readerVideoOutput];
}
NSArray *audioTracks = [_compositon tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];
BOOL shouldRecordAudioTrack = (([audioTracks count] > 0) && (self.audioEncodingTarget != nil) );
AVAssetReaderAudioMixOutput *readerAudioOutput = nil;
if (shouldRecordAudioTrack)
{
[self.audioEncodingTarget setShouldInvalidateAudioSampleWhenDone:YES];
NSDictionary *audioReaderSetting = @{AVFormatIDKey: @(kAudioFormatLinearPCM),
AVLinearPCMIsBigEndianKey: @(NO),
AVLinearPCMIsFloatKey: @(NO),
AVLinearPCMBitDepthKey: @(16)};
readerAudioOutput = [AVAssetReaderAudioMixOutput assetReaderAudioMixOutputWithAudioTracks:audioTracks audioSettings:audioReaderSetting];
readerAudioOutput.audioMix = self.audioMix;
readerAudioOutput.alwaysCopiesSampleData = NO;
[assetReader addOutput:readerAudioOutput];
}
return assetReader;
}
然后在该处断点，查看reader的status和error，显示Error Domain=AVFoundationErrorDomain Code=-11841。查了一下文档发现如下：
AVErrorInvalidVideoComposition = -11841
You attempted to perform a video composition operation that is not supported.
应该就是readerVideoOutput.videoComposition = self.videoComposition; 这个videoCompostion有问题了。AVMutableVideoComposition这个类在视频编辑里面非常重要，包含对AVComposition中的各个视频track如何融合的信息，我做的是两个视频的融合小demo，就需要用到它，设置这个类稍微有点复杂，比较容易出错，特别是设置AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction这个类的timeRange属性，我的这次错误就是因为这个。
开始调试
马上调用AVMutableVideoComposition的如下方法：
BOOL isValid = [self.videoComposition isValidForAsset:self.compositon timeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, self.compositon.duration) validationDelegate:self];
这个时候isValid为No，确定就是这个videoCompostion问题了，添加了AVVideoCompositionValidationHandling协议四个方法打印一下，这个协议太贴心了，估计知道这个地方出错概率比较高，所以特地弄的吧。代码如下：
- (BOOL)videoComposition:(AVVideoComposition *)videoComposition shouldContinueValidatingAfterFindingInvalidValueForKey:(NSString *)key
{
NSLog(@"%s===%@",__func__,key);
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)videoComposition:(AVVideoComposition *)videoComposition shouldContinueValidatingAfterFindingEmptyTimeRange:(CMTimeRange)timeRange
{
NSLog(@"%s===%@",__func__,CFBridgingRelease(CMTimeRangeCopyDescription(kCFAllocatorDefault, timeRange)));
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)videoComposition:(AVVideoComposition *)videoComposition shouldContinueValidatingAfterFindingInvalidTimeRangeInInstruction:(id<AVVideoCompositionInstruction>)videoCompositionInstruction
{
NSLog(@"%s===%@",__func__,videoCompositionInstruction);
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)videoComposition:(AVVideoComposition *)videoComposition shouldContinueValidatingAfterFindingInvalidTrackIDInInstruction:(id<AVVideoCompositionInstruction>)videoCompositionInstruction layerInstruction:(AVVideoCompositionLayerInstruction *)layerInstruction asset:(AVAsset *)asset
{
NSLog(@"%s===%@===%@",__func__,layerInstruction,asset);
return YES;
}
重新运行一下发现第三个方法打印输出，就是instruction的timeRange问题了，又重新看了一下两个instruction的设置问题,感觉又没什么问题，代码如下：
- (void)buildCompositionWithAssets:(NSArray *)assetsArray
{
for (int i = 0; i < assetsArray.count; i++) {
AVURLAsset *asset = assetsArray[i];
NSArray *videoTracks = [asset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
NSArray *audioTracks = [asset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];
AVAssetTrack *videoTrack = videoTracks[0];
AVAssetTrack *audioTrack = audioTracks[0];
NSError *error = nil;
AVMutableCompositionTrack *videoT = [self.avcompostions.mutableComps addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
AVMutableCompositionTrack *audioT = [self.avcompostions.mutableComps addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
[videoT insertTimeRange:videoTrack.timeRange ofTrack:videoTrack atTime:self.offsetTime error:&error];
[audioT insertTimeRange:audioTrack.timeRange ofTrack:audioTrack atTime:self.offsetTime error:nil];
NSAssert(!error, @"insert error = %@",error);
AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction *instruction = [AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction videoCompositionInstruction];
AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction *layerInstruction = [AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction videoCompositionLayerInstructionWithAssetTrack:videoT];
instruction.layerInstructions = @[layerInstruction];
instruction.timeRange = CMTimeRangeMake(self.offsetTime, asset.duration);
[self.instrucionArray addObject:instruction];
self.offsetTime = CMTimeAdd(self.offsetTime,asset.duration);
}
}
这个数组里面会有两个加载好的AVAsset对象，加载AVAsset的代码如下：
- (void)loadAssetFromPath:(NSArray *)paths
{
NSMutableArray *assetsArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:paths.count];
dispatch_group_t dispatchGroup = dispatch_group_create();
for (int i = 0; i < paths.count; i++) {
NSString *path = paths[i];
//first find from cache
AVAsset *asset = [self.assetsCache objectForKey:path];
if (!asset) {
NSDictionary *inputOptions = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:AVURLAssetPreferPreciseDurationAndTimingKey];
asset = [AVURLAsset URLAssetWithURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path] options:inputOptions];
// cache asset
NSAssert(asset != nil, @"Can't create asset from path", path);
NSArray *loadKeys = @[@"tracks", @"duration", @"composable"];
[self loadAsset:asset withKeys:loadKeys usingDispatchGroup:dispatchGroup];
[self.assetsCache setObject:asset forKey:path];
}else {
}
[assetsArray addObject:asset];
}
dispatch_group_notify(dispatchGroup, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
!self.assetLoadBlock?:self.assetLoadBlock(assetsArray);
});
}
- (void)loadAsset:(AVAsset *)asset withKeys:(NSArray *)assetKeysToLoad usingDispatchGroup:(dispatch_group_t)dispatchGroup
{
dispatch_group_enter(dispatchGroup);
[asset loadValuesAsynchronouslyForKeys:assetKeysToLoad completionHandler:^(){
for (NSString *key in assetKeysToLoad) {
NSError *error;
if ([asset statusOfValueForKey:key error:&error] == AVKeyValueStatusFailed) {
NSLog(@"Key value loading failed for key:%@ with error: %@", key, error);
goto bail;
}
}
if (![asset isComposable]) {
NSLog(@"Asset is not composable");
goto bail;
}
bail:
dispatch_group_leave(dispatchGroup);
}];
}
按照正常来说，应该不会有什么问题的，但是问题还是来了。打印出创建的两个AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction的信息，发现他们的timeRange确实有重合的地方。AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction的timeRange必须对应AVMutableCompositionTrack里面的一段段插入的track的timeRange。开发文档是这么说的：
to report a video composition instruction with a timeRange that's invalid, that overlaps with the timeRange of a prior instruction, or that contains times earlier than the timeRange of a prior instruction
我在插入的时候使用的是videoTrack.timeRange，而设置instruction.timeRange = CMTimeRangeMake(self.offsetTime, asset.duration);使用的是asset.duration。这个两个竟然是不一样的。asset.duration是{59885/1000 = 59.885}，videoTrack.timeRange是{{0/1000 = 0.000}, {59867/1000 = 59.867}}
这两个时长有细微差别，到底哪个是比较准确一点的呢？
视频文件时长的计算
笔者在demo中使用的是mp4格式的文件，mp4文件是若干个不同的类型box组成的，box可以理解为装有数据的容器。其中有一种moov类型的box里面装有视频播放的元数据（metadata），这里面有视频的时长信息：timescale和duration。 duration / timescale = 可播放时长（s）。从mvhd中读到timescal为0x03e8，duration为0xe9ed，也就是59885 / 1000，为59.885。再看看tkhd box里面的内容，这里面是包含单一track的信息。如下图：
从上图可以看出videotrack和audiotrack两个的时长是不一样的，videotrack为0xe9db，也就是59.867，audiotrack为0xe9ed，就是59.885。所以我们在计算timeRange的时候最好统一使用相对精确一点的videotrack，而不要AVAsset的duration，尽量避免时间上的误差，视频精细化的编辑，对这些误差敏感。