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  • vlc源码分析(三) 调用live555接收RTSP数据

    http://www.cnblogs.com/jiayayao/p/6819722.html

     首先了解RTSP/RTP/RTCP相关概念,尤其是了解RTP协议:RTP与RTCP协议介绍(转载)

      vlc使用模块加载机制调用live555,调用live555的文件是live555.cpp。

    一、几个重要的类  

      以下向左箭头(“<-”)为继承关系。

    1. RTPInterface

      RTPInterface是RTPSource的成员变量,其成员函数handleRead会读取网络数据存入BufferedPacket内,该类最终会调到UDP的发送接收函数。

    Boolean RTPInterface::handleRead(unsigned char* buffer, unsigned bufferMaxSize,
                     unsigned& bytesRead, struct sockaddr_in& fromAddress, Boolean& packetReadWasIncomplete)

    2. BufferedPacket

      BufferedPacket:用于存储媒体的RTP数据包

      BufferedPacket<-H264BufferedPacket:用于存储H264媒体RTP数据包

      该类有一个重要函数fillInData,是由RTPInterface读取数据存入包中。

    Boolean BufferedPacket::fillInData(RTPInterface& rtpInterface, Boolean& packetReadWasIncomplete);

      相对于BufferedPacket,有对应的工厂类:

      BufferedPacketFactory:工厂模式生成BufferedPacket包
      BufferedPacketFactory<-H264BufferedPacketFactory:专门生产H264BufferedPacket的工厂

      在SessionsSetup的时候(也是模块加载的时候),会根据Source类型,选定生产BufferedPacket的工厂类型,即如果Source是H264格式的话,就会new H264BufferedPacketFactory,之后在接收数据的时候就会生产H264BufferedPacket用于存储H264媒体数据。

      ReorderingPacketBuffer:MultiFramedRTPSource的成员变量,用于管理多个BufferedPacket。

    3. Source相关类  

      Source相关类的继承关系:Medium<-MediaSource<-FramedSource<-RTPSource<-MultiFramedRTPSource<-H264VideoRTPSource。
      在SessionsSetup的时候,会根据数据源的类型,选定Source的类型,即如果数据源是H264格式的话,就会调用

    static H264VideoRTPSource* createNew(UsageEnvironment& env, Groupsock* RTPgs,
      unsigned char rtpPayloadFormat,
      unsigned rtpTimestampFrequency = 90000);

    二、播放流程的建立

      播放流程的建立可以参考vlc源码分析之播放流程

    三、接收RTSP数据

      vlc在播放IPC时,会开启一个线程接收网络数据,该线程接收网络数据后会调用Demux()进行分离(因为可能是音频,也可能是视频)。Demux()首先将必要的接口,如StreamRead、StreamClose注册下去,然后就进入事件循环:

    p_sys->scheduler->doEventLoop( &p_sys->event_data );

      如果有网络数据到来了,Demux()会做两件事,第一件事是分析RTP包,放入ReorderingPacketBuffer管理的BufferedPacket中,堆栈如下图所示:

      第二件事是读取的BufferedPacket,进行一系列拆包操作后,将数据放入数据fifo中,堆栈如下图所示:

      doEventLoop会进入死循环,直到p_sys->event_data的值被中断或者超时改变,从而退出循环。当有网络数据到来的时候,doEventLoop会执行SingleStep->...->doGetNextFrame1(),在doGetNextFrame1()函数中读取RTP数据。这个过程的代码及注释如下:

    复制代码
    // 做了两件事,一件是分析RTP包,放入ReorderingPacketBuffer管理的BufferedPacket中;
    // 另一件是读取的BufferedPacket,进行一系列拆包操作后,将数据放入数据fifo中
    void MultiFramedRTPSource::networkReadHandler1() {
      BufferedPacket* bPacket = fPacketReadInProgress;
      if (bPacket == NULL) {
        // Normal case: Get a free BufferedPacket descriptor to hold the new network packet:
        bPacket = fReorderingBuffer->getFreePacket(this);
      }
    
      // Read the network packet, and perform sanity checks on the RTP header:
      Boolean readSuccess = False;
      // do-while(0)结构,出现错误直接break
      do {
        Boolean packetReadWasIncomplete = fPacketReadInProgress != NULL;
        if (!bPacket->fillInData(fRTPInterface, packetReadWasIncomplete)) break;
        if (packetReadWasIncomplete) {
          // We need additional read(s) before we can process the incoming packet:
          fPacketReadInProgress = bPacket;
          return;
        } else {
          fPacketReadInProgress = NULL;
        }
    #ifdef TEST_LOSS
        setPacketReorderingThresholdTime(0);
           // don't wait for 'lost' packets to arrive out-of-order later
        if ((our_random()%10) == 0) break; // simulate 10% packet loss
    #endif
    
        // Check for the 12-byte RTP header:
        if (bPacket->dataSize() < 12) break;
        // 读取RTP头,向前移4个字节
        unsigned rtpHdr = ntohl(*(u_int32_t*)(bPacket->data())); ADVANCE(4);
        // 读取RTP头中的标记位
        Boolean rtpMarkerBit = (rtpHdr&0x00800000) != 0;
        // 读取时间戳,向前移4个字节
        unsigned rtpTimestamp = ntohl(*(u_int32_t*)(bPacket->data()));ADVANCE(4);
        // 读取SSRC,向前移4个字节
        unsigned rtpSSRC = ntohl(*(u_int32_t*)(bPacket->data())); ADVANCE(4);
    
        // Check the RTP version number (it should be 2):
        // 检查RTP头版本,不是2的话,break
        if ((rtpHdr&0xC0000000) != 0x80000000) break;
    
        // Skip over any CSRC identifiers in the header:
        // 跳过CSRC计数字节
        unsigned cc = (rtpHdr>>24)&0xF;
        if (bPacket->dataSize() < cc) break;
        ADVANCE(cc*4);
    
        // Check for (& ignore) any RTP header extension
        // 如果扩展头标志被置位
        if (rtpHdr&0x10000000) {
          if (bPacket->dataSize() < 4) break;
          // 获取扩展头
          unsigned extHdr = ntohl(*(u_int32_t*)(bPacket->data())); ADVANCE(4);
          // 获取扩展字节数
          unsigned remExtSize = 4*(extHdr&0xFFFF);
          if (bPacket->dataSize() < remExtSize) break;
          // 直接跳过扩展字节???
          ADVANCE(remExtSize);
        }
    
        // Discard any padding bytes:
        // 如果填充标志被置位,直接丢弃不处理
        if (rtpHdr&0x20000000) {
          if (bPacket->dataSize() == 0) break;
          unsigned numPaddingBytes
        = (unsigned)(bPacket->data())[bPacket->dataSize()-1];
          if (bPacket->dataSize() < numPaddingBytes) break;
          bPacket->removePadding(numPaddingBytes);
        }
        // Check the Payload Type.
        // 检查载荷类型,如果源数据H264类型,则其值为96
        // 如果与我们生成的source类型不同,则break
        if ((unsigned char)((rtpHdr&0x007F0000)>>16)
        != rtpPayloadFormat()) {
          break;
        }
    
        // The rest of the packet is the usable data.  Record and save it:
        if (rtpSSRC != fLastReceivedSSRC) {
          // The SSRC of incoming packets has changed.  Unfortunately we don't yet handle streams that contain multiple SSRCs,
          // but we can handle a single-SSRC stream where the SSRC changes occasionally:
          fLastReceivedSSRC = rtpSSRC;
          fReorderingBuffer->resetHaveSeenFirstPacket();
        }
        // RTP包序号,随RTP数据包而自增,由接收者用来探测包损失
        unsigned short rtpSeqNo = (unsigned short)(rtpHdr&0xFFFF);
        Boolean usableInJitterCalculation
          = packetIsUsableInJitterCalculation((bPacket->data()),
                              bPacket->dataSize());
        struct timeval presentationTime; // computed by:
        Boolean hasBeenSyncedUsingRTCP; // computed by:
        // 根据数据包的一些信息,进行一些计算和记录
        receptionStatsDB()
          .noteIncomingPacket(rtpSSRC, rtpSeqNo, rtpTimestamp,
                  timestampFrequency(),
                  usableInJitterCalculation, presentationTime,
                  hasBeenSyncedUsingRTCP, bPacket->dataSize());
    
        // Fill in the rest of the packet descriptor, and store it:
        struct timeval timeNow;
        gettimeofday(&timeNow, NULL);
        // 将计算所得的一些参数再赋值到包中
        bPacket->assignMiscParams(rtpSeqNo, rtpTimestamp, presentationTime,
                      hasBeenSyncedUsingRTCP, rtpMarkerBit,
                      timeNow);
        // 经过以上判断和检查,没有发现问题,则由管理类fReorderingBuffer存储包
        if (!fReorderingBuffer->storePacket(bPacket)) break;
    
        readSuccess = True;// 读取成功
      } while (0);
      if (!readSuccess) fReorderingBuffer->freePacket(bPacket);// 如果读取不成功,则释放内存
    
      // 将读取到的数据包送至数据fifo中,等待解码线程解码
      doGetNextFrame1();
      // If we didn't get proper data this time, we'll get another chance
    }
    复制代码

      将读取到的数据包送至数据fifo中,之后就是等待解码线程从数据fifo中拿数据,解码和渲染了,具体可参考vlc源码分析之播放流程

      附:

      配置好的Windows版vlc工程下载:https://github.com/jiayayao/vlc_2.1.0-vs_2010,下载后使用vs2010可以直接编译运行,调试学习非常方便。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/stnlcd/p/7202094.html
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