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初始时,保证两个栈至少有一个为空;本程序的类中两个栈在初始化时默认为空栈;
队列特性为先进先出,
元素依次入栈s1内后,再将非空栈s1内的元素依次出栈全部压入到空栈s2内,就实现了原s1内后进来的数据放到了s2最下面,
这样栈s2的元素在逐个进行出栈操作时,就实现了模拟队列的的出队操作,出队顺序和s1进栈顺序相同,实现了先进先出,满足了队列性质;
1 //两个栈模拟一个队列行为 2 3 class SimQueue 4 { 5 public: 6 SimQueue() { count = 0;} 7 void SimPush(int);//入队:队尾增加元素, 8 void SimPop(); //出队:删除队首元素 9 int SimFront();//取队首元素 10 int SimBack(); //取队尾元素 11 bool SimEmpty(); 12 int SimSize(); 13 private: 14 int count; //统计元素数量 15 stack<int> s1; 16 stack<int> s2; 17 }; 18 19 inline 20 void SimQueue::SimPush(int num) 21 { 22 //初始时,将元素压到s1中; 23 //如果初始时s1不为空,也无妨,但s2一定要为空 24 //本程序的类中两个栈在初始化时默认为空栈; 25 s1.push(num); 26 ++count; 27 } 28 29 inline 30 void SimQueue::SimPop() 31 { 32 if (s2.empty()) 33 { 34 while (!s1.empty()) 35 { 36 s2.push(s1.top()); 37 s1.pop(); 38 } 39 s2.pop(); 40 } 41 else 42 s2.pop(); //多次删除队首元素值进入这个分支; 43 --count; 44 } 45 inline 46 int SimQueue::SimFront() 47 { 48 if (s1.empty()!=true&&s2.empty()==true) 49 { 50 while (!s1.empty()) 51 { 52 s2.push(s1.top()); 53 s1.pop(); 54 } 55 int tmp = s2.top(); 56 return tmp; 57 } 58 else 59 return s2.top(); //s2不空时取队首元素值 60 61 } 62 inline 63 int SimQueue::SimBack() 64 { 65 if (s1.empty()==true&&s2.empty()!=true) 66 { 67 while (s2.empty()!=true) 68 { 69 s1.push(s2.top()); 70 s2.pop(); 71 } 72 return s1.top(); 73 }else 74 return s1.top(); //以防s1不空时候取队尾元素值; 75 } 76 inline 77 int SimQueue::SimSize() 78 { 79 return count; 80 } 81 inline 82 bool SimQueue::SimEmpty() 83 { 84 return (count == 0); 85 } 86 87 88 int main() 89 { 90 SimQueue q;
//入队 91 q.SimPush(1); 92 q.SimPush(2); 93 q.SimPush(3); 94 q.SimPush(4); 95 q.SimPush(5); 96 97 int qsize = q.SimSize(); 98 cout <<"queue size: " << qsize << endl; 99 cout << "多次取队首元素值: "; 100 cout << q.SimFront() <<" "; 101 cout << q.SimFront() <<endl; 102 cout << "多次取队尾元素值: "; 103 cout << q.SimBack()<<" "; 104 cout << q.SimBack()<<endl; 105 106 //队,栈均不提供遍历操作 107 cout << "删除元素1后: "; 108 q.SimPop(); //删除1, 109 cout << "current size: "<< q.SimSize()<<endl; 110 cout << "剩余元素出队: "<<endl; 111 cout << q.SimFront()<<","; 112 q.SimPop(); 113 cout << q.SimFront()<<","; 114 q.SimPop(); 115 cout << q.SimFront() <<","; 116 q.SimPop(); 117 cout << q.SimFront()<<endl; 118 q.SimPop(); 119 }
输出结果: