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  • 用gdisk调整gpt/ext4分区大小

    主机CentOS release 6.4 (Final)

    目的:从/home分区分出100G来创建新分区/vm

    参考

    http://ryanclouser.com/?p=66

    http://falstaff.agner.ch/2013/12/22/online-resize-root-filesystem-on-a-gpt-partition/

    http://blog.zepsikopat.net/2011/07/22/resize-an-ext4-partition-on-a-gpt-disk/

    http://superuser.com/questions/660309/live-resize-of-a-gpt-partition-on-linux


    1. 查看当前分区情况

    [root@tanghuimin /]# df -Th

    Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

    /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% /

    tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 280K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm

    /dev/sda1 ext4 426G 37G 368G 10% /home

    /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt

    /home分区在/dev/sda1.


    2. gdisk /dev/sda

    ?: 打印gdisk下命令的用法

    p: 查看分区表

    b: 备份分区表,以便后面操作失误可以恢复分区表

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# gdisk /dev/sda

    GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10


    Partition table scan:

    MBR: protective

    BSD: not present

    APM: not present

    GPT: present


    Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.


    Command (? for help): ?

    b back up GPT data to a file

    c change a partition's name

    d delete a partition

    i show detailed information on a partition

    l list known partition types

    n add a new partition

    o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)

    p print the partition table

    q quit without saving changes

    r recovery and transformation options (experts only)

    s sort partitions

    t change a partition's type code

    v verify disk

    w write table to disk and exit

    x extra functionality (experts only)

    ? print this menu


    Command (? for help): p

    Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB

    Logical sector size: 512 bytes

    Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF

    Partition table holds up to 128 entries

    First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134

    Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

    Total free space is 2029 sectors (1014.5 KiB)


    Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

    1 2048 907141119 432.6 GiB 0700

    2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700

    3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00

    4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200

    Command (? for help): b

    Enter backup filename to save: /root/gpt.sda.bak

    The operation has completed successfully.


    3. 卸载即将被调整的分区/home

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# umount /home/

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th

    Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

    /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% /

    tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 296K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm

    /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt


    4. 检测文件系统错误

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/sda1

    e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

    Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

    Pass 2: Checking directory structure

    Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

    Pass 4: Checking reference counts

    Pass 5: Checking group summary information

    /dev/sda1: 268432/28352512 files (0.1% non-contiguous), 11359488/113392384 blocks


    5. resize2fs调整文件系统大小

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# resize2fs /dev/sda1 326G

    resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

    Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sda1 to 85458944 (4k) blocks.

    The filesystem on /dev/sda1 is now 85458944 blocks long.


    6. gdisk调整分区大小,先用d删除分区,后用n创建分区

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# gdisk /dev/sda

    GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10


    Partition table scan:

    MBR: protective

    BSD: not present

    APM: not present

    GPT: present


    Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.


    Command (? for help): p

    Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB

    Logical sector size: 512 bytes

    Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF

    Partition table holds up to 128 entries

    First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134

    Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

    Total free space is 2029 sectors (1014.5 KiB)


    Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

    1 2048 907141119 432.6 GiB 0700

    2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700

    3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00

    4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200


    Command (? for help): d

    Partition number (1-4): 1


    Command (? for help): p

    Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB

    Logical sector size: 512 bytes

    Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF

    Partition table holds up to 128 entries

    First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134

    Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

    Total free space is 907141101 sectors (432.6 GiB)


    Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

    2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700

    3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00

    4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200


    Command (? for help): n

    Partition number (1-128, default 1):

    First sector (34-976773134, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

    Last sector (2048-907141119, default = 907141119) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 326G

    Current type is 'Linux filesystem'

    Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):

    Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'


    Command (? for help): w


    Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING

    PARTITIONS!!


    Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y

    OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.

    Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.

    The new table will be used at the next reboot.

    The operation has completed successfully.

    分区大小调整完毕。


    7. /dev/sda1挂载到/home

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th

    Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

    /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% /

    tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 296K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm

    /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# mount /dev/sda1 /home/

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th

    Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

    /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% /

    tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 296K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm

    /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt

    /dev/sda1 ext4 321G 37G 269G 12% /home

    reboot.


    8. /dev/sda所有free的空间上创建新分区

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# gdisk /dev/sda

    GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10


    Partition table scan:

    MBR: protective

    BSD: not present

    APM: not present

    GPT: present


    Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.


    Command (? for help): p

    Disk /dev/sda: 976773168 sectors, 465.8 GiB

    Logical sector size: 512 bytes

    Disk identifier (GUID): FB42D8BC-9B54-4B3B-A16C-A39A39B902FF

    Partition table holds up to 128 entries

    First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 976773134

    Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

    Total free space is 221374444 sectors (105.6 GiB)


    Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

    1 2048 685768704 327.0 GiB 8300 Linux filesystem

    2 907141120 948101119 19.5 GiB 0700

    3 948101120 968581119 9.8 GiB EF00

    4 968581120 976773119 3.9 GiB 8200


    Command (? for help): n

    Partition number (5-128, default 5):

    First sector (34-976773134, default = 685770752) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

    Last sector (685770752-907141119, default = 907141119) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

    Current type is 'Linux filesystem'

    Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):

    Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'


    Command (? for help): w


    Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING

    PARTITIONS!!


    Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y

    OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.

    Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.

    The new table will be used at the next reboot.

    The operation has completed successfully.


    9. 将新分区的文件系统类型设为ext4

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda5

    mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

    Filesystem label=

    OS type: Linux

    Block size=4096 (log=2)

    Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

    Stride=1 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

    6922240 inodes, 27671296 blocks

    1383564 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

    First data block=0

    Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

    845 block groups

    32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

    8192 inodes per group

    Superblock backups stored on blocks:

    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872


    Writing inode tables: done

    Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done


    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or

    180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


    10. 将新分区/dev/sda5挂载到/vm

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# mount /dev/sda5 /vm

    [root@tanghuimin ~]# df -Th

    Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

    /dev/sda3 ext4 9.7G 6.6G 2.6G 72% /

    tmpfs tmpfs 1.8G 224K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm

    /dev/sda1 ext4 321G 37G 269G 12% /home

    /dev/sda2 ext4 20G 4.2G 15G 23% /opt

    /dev/sda5 ext4 104G 188M 99G 1% /vm


    11. /etc/fstab中添加如下行,使在系统启动时/dev/sda5被挂载到/vm

    /dev/sda5 /vm ext4 defaults 1 2

    reboot.

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tanghuimin0713/p/4545001.html
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