zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • ArchLinux dwm的安装和配置

    dwm官网:https://dwm.suckless.org/
    dwm是一个简洁的平铺式窗口管理器
    配置简单,使用便捷,没有多少依赖,占用内存非常小
    总之dwm正合口味

    安装方法

    首先在官网下载dwm.tar.gz并解压
    得到这些东西:
    BUGS config.mk drw.h dwm.c dwm.png Makefile...

    我们主要来编辑config.h来进行一些配置和编辑config.mk来正确编译
    对config.h来说,只要略微阅读官网文档即可配置,详见https://dwm.suckless.org/customisation/
    我觉得原设定除了firefox的tags mask以外,就没什么需要了
    改了一下selbordercolor, selbgcolor, selfgcolor, topbar,就是状态栏的边界、背景和字体颜色还有底部状态栏
    注意dmenu还是在顶部,要改底部的话应该在dmenu那里配置

    cp config.def.h config.h
    
    // config.h
    /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details. */
    
    /* appearance */
    static const char *fonts[] = {
    	"monospace:size=10"
    };
    static const char dmenufont[]       = "monospace:size=10";
    static const char normbordercolor[] = "#444444";
    static const char normbgcolor[]     = "#222222";
    static const char normfgcolor[]     = "#bbbbbb";
    static const char selbordercolor[]  = "#000000"; // "#005577";
    static const char selbgcolor[]      = "#669999"; // "#005577";
    static const char selfgcolor[]      = "#000000"; // "#eeeeee";
    static const unsigned int borderpx  = 1;        /* border pixel of windows */
    static const unsigned int snap      = 32;       /* snap pixel */
    static const int showbar            = 1;        /* 0 means no bar */
    static const int topbar             = 0; // 1;        /* 0 means bottom bar */
    
    /* tagging */
    static const char *tags[] = { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9" };
    
    static const Rule rules[] = {
    	/* xprop(1):
    	 *	WM_CLASS(STRING) = instance, class
    	 *	WM_NAME(STRING) = title
    	 */
    	/* class      instance    title       tags mask     isfloating   monitor */
    	{ "Gimp",     NULL,       NULL,       0,            1,           -1 },
    	// { "Firefox",  NULL,       NULL,       1 << 8,       0,           -1 },
    };
    
    /* layout(s) */
    static const float mfact     = 0.55; /* factor of master area size [0.05..0.95] */
    static const int nmaster     = 1;    /* number of clients in master area */
    static const int resizehints = 1;    /* 1 means respect size hints in tiled resizals */
    
    static const Layout layouts[] = {
    	/* symbol     arrange function */
    	{ "[]=",      tile },    /* first entry is default */
    	{ "><>",      NULL },    /* no layout function means floating behavior */
    	{ "[M]",      monocle },
    };
    
    /* key definitions */
    #define MODKEY Mod1Mask
    #define TAGKEYS(KEY,TAG) 
    	{ MODKEY,                       KEY,      view,           {.ui = 1 << TAG} }, 
    	{ MODKEY|ControlMask,           KEY,      toggleview,     {.ui = 1 << TAG} }, 
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             KEY,      tag,            {.ui = 1 << TAG} }, 
    	{ MODKEY|ControlMask|ShiftMask, KEY,      toggletag,      {.ui = 1 << TAG} },
    
    /* helper for spawning shell commands in the pre dwm-5.0 fashion */
    #define SHCMD(cmd) { .v = (const char*[]){ "/bin/sh", "-c", cmd, NULL } }
    
    /* commands */
    static char dmenumon[2] = "0"; /* component of dmenucmd, manipulated in spawn() */
    static const char *dmenucmd[] = { "dmenu_run", "-m", dmenumon, "-fn", dmenufont, "-nb", normbgcolor, "-nf", normfgcolor, "-sb", selbgcolor, "-sf", selfgcolor, NULL };
    static const char *termcmd[]  = { "st", NULL };
    
    static Key keys[] = {
    	/* modifier                     key        function        argument */
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_p,      spawn,          {.v = dmenucmd } },
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_Return, spawn,          {.v = termcmd } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_b,      togglebar,      {0} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_j,      focusstack,     {.i = +1 } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_k,      focusstack,     {.i = -1 } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_i,      incnmaster,     {.i = +1 } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_d,      incnmaster,     {.i = -1 } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_h,      setmfact,       {.f = -0.05} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_l,      setmfact,       {.f = +0.05} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_Return, zoom,           {0} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_Tab,    view,           {0} },
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_c,      killclient,     {0} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_t,      setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[0]} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_f,      setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[1]} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_m,      setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[2]} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_space,  setlayout,      {0} },
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_space,  togglefloating, {0} },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_0,      view,           {.ui = ~0 } },
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_0,      tag,            {.ui = ~0 } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_comma,  focusmon,       {.i = -1 } },
    	{ MODKEY,                       XK_period, focusmon,       {.i = +1 } },
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_comma,  tagmon,         {.i = -1 } },
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_period, tagmon,         {.i = +1 } },
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_1,                      0)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_2,                      1)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_3,                      2)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_4,                      3)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_5,                      4)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_6,                      5)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_7,                      6)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_8,                      7)
    	TAGKEYS(                        XK_9,                      8)
    	{ MODKEY|ShiftMask,             XK_q,      quit,           {0} },
    };
    
    /* button definitions */
    /* click can be ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle, ClkClientWin, or ClkRootWin */
    static Button buttons[] = {
    	/* click                event mask      button          function        argument */
    	{ ClkLtSymbol,          0,              Button1,        setlayout,      {0} },
    	{ ClkLtSymbol,          0,              Button3,        setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[2]} },
    	{ ClkWinTitle,          0,              Button2,        zoom,           {0} },
    	{ ClkStatusText,        0,              Button2,        spawn,          {.v = termcmd } },
    	{ ClkClientWin,         MODKEY,         Button1,        movemouse,      {0} },
    	{ ClkClientWin,         MODKEY,         Button2,        togglefloating, {0} },
    	{ ClkClientWin,         MODKEY,         Button3,        resizemouse,    {0} },
    	{ ClkTagBar,            0,              Button1,        view,           {0} },
    	{ ClkTagBar,            0,              Button3,        toggleview,     {0} },
    	{ ClkTagBar,            MODKEY,         Button1,        tag,            {0} },
    	{ ClkTagBar,            MODKEY,         Button3,        toggletag,      {0} },
    };
    
    

    接下来开始改写config.mk,用来顺利通过make
    对于一般linux用户,我们这样make即可

    make X11INC=/usr/include/X11 X11LIB=/usr/lib/X11 FREETYPEINC=/usr/include/freetype2
    

    编译过后链接一下

    ln -s /usr/local/dwm-6.1/dwm /usr/bin/
    

    我是十分讨厌开机自动进入图形界面的,所以启动时startx就好
    至于为什么讨厌,原因是在做神经网络的时候,安装nvidia显卡驱动后gnome各种崩溃进入不了命令行,只能借别人电脑写启动盘重新安装arch

    dwm补丁的安装

    用了dwm后,有两个很让人难受的问题

    • 一个就是终端窗口缝隙的问题
      这个问题有两种解决方法
      其一,编辑config.h设置resizehints为0
      这样做确实可以解决,然而会带来vim显示不正常的问题,于是放弃
      其二,用其他的终端程序
      我找到了terminator,使用体验不错,这个问题将就过去了
    • 再一个就是在改变窗口位置的同时,其他标签的窗口位置也会改变
      这个问题有时候实在忍不了,于是考虑安装补丁pertag

    按照dwm版本下载.diff文件
    .diff文件是用diff文件生成的,用patch命令即可打上补丁

    patch < dwm-pertag-6.1.diff
    

    然后普通的编译即可

    fcitx和状态栏简单配置

    回宿舍了,配置了一下笔记本,打算写个随笔来着
    突然发现输入法忘了装,于是安装fcitx
    注意fcitx-qt5可能很多源都没有,不安装亦可
    如果发现某些软件下载404,很可能是源没有更新,关于yaourt的用法

    yaourt -Sy
    yaourt -S fcitx fcitx-im fcitx-googlepinyin fcitx-configtool
    

    记得重启后用fcitx-configtool添加一下输入法

    最后配置一下状态栏

    # .xinitrc
    export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
    export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
    export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
    fcitx &
    while true; do
    xsetroot -name "Bat.$(acpi -b | awk '{print $4}') | Vol.$(amixer get Master| tail -n 1 | awk ‘{print $5}' | tr -d '[]') $(LC_ALL='C' date +'%F[%b %a] %R')"
    sleep 20
    done &
    exec dwm
    # exec i3
    # exec xmonad
    
    

    顺便说一句,燕麦片加了糖好吃了不少

    最后加个图吧


    > 2018-3-16更新:修改了yaourt更新源的问题 > 2018-6-09更新:修改了config.h
  • 相关阅读:
    Guake — 一个新的下拉式终端 — LinuxTOY
    登录时提示出错
    WebOS开发环境搭建
    整理Windows Phone 7教程(很全面)
    如何在 Windows Phone 的代码中创建应用程序栏
    Silverlight for Windows Phone Toolkit升级说明
    WindowsPhone控件详解及引用外部控件Silverlight Toolkit
    WindowsPhone统计图表控件 第三方控件visifire
    WindowsPhone第三方控件Resco MobileForms Toolkit 2012
    Hadoop学习与使用之基本操作命令
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tanglizi/p/8457821.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看