实现nginx日志分割

1、日志文件

[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log 
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 396 Aug 19 17:08 /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log

2、查看日志

[root@localhost ~]# tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log
192.168.200.11 - - [19/Aug/2019:17:06:58 -0400] "GET /index.jsp HTTP/1.1" 200 127 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36"
192.168.200.11 - - [19/Aug/2019:17:08:32 -0400] "GET /index.jsp HTTP/1.1" 200 127 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36"

 3、编写日志切割的脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /opt/fenge.sh
#! /bin/bash
#fenge.sh

datetime=$(date -d "-1 day" "+%Y%m%d")    //设置时间变量以及变量值
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%Y%m%d    年月日
date  -d  "-1  day" "%Y%m%d"    昨天的时间
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
log_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs"     //变量设置日志存放位置
pid_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"     //pid文件内保存PID号
[ -d $log_path/backup ] || mkdir -p $log_path/backup   //查看/usr/local/nginx/logs下是否有backup文件，没有的话可以创建一下
if [ -f $pid_path ]    //判断是否有这个变量，如果有，说明有进程，那么代表nginx服务活着呢
then
        mv $log_path/access.log $log_path/backup/access.log-$datetime  //将日志文件移动到backup下，改名为access.log-时间戳
        kill -USR1 $(cat $pid_path)   //给进程传信号，生成一个新的日志
        find $log_path/backup -mtime +30 | xargs rm -f   //找出30天前改动过的文件，删掉，只保留近30天的日志文件
else
        echo "Error,Nginx is not working!" | tee -a /var/log/messages  //如果nginx服务没有开启，将会显示Error,Nginx is not working!，在屏幕上输出的同时添加到日志文件
fi

4、给脚本加权限

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /opt/fenge.sh

5、执行，并查看切割的日志

[root@localhost ~]# /opt/fenge.sh     
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/
access.log  backup  error.log  nginx.pid
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/backup/
access.log-20190917

 6、打开网页进行测试

[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log
[root@localhost ~]# tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log   //监控新的日志文件，打开网页执行刷新，就可以监控到日志文件
192.168.200.11 - - [18/Sep/2019:19:46:55 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36"
192.168.200.11 - - [18/Sep/2019:19:47:07 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.87 Safari/537.36"

7、关闭nginx进程，再执行一次脚本，如果在执行中出现错误，如下：

[root@localhost ~]# killall -9 nginx 
[root@localhost ~]# /opt/fenge.sh 
/opt/fenge.sh: 第 11 行:kill: (7216) - 没有那个进程

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid  //删除原始的nginx服务中的nginx.pid，再执行。

[root@localhost ~]# /opt/fenge.sh 
Error,Nginx is not working!