mysql基于Amoeba（变形虫）实现读写分离

一、实验环境

1、准备五台主机，其中三台已经实现了Mysql的主从复制（主从复制不再演示，从安装Amoeba开始），一台安装Amoeba，一台用作试验机

• mysql-master：192.168.200.111
• mysql-slave1：192.168.200.112
• mysql-slave2：192.168.200.113
• Amoeba：192.168.200.114
• Client：192.168.200.115

2、所有主机关闭安全机制和防火墙。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

二、在主机Amoeba上安装java环境（192.168.200.114）

1、上传需要的安装包

[root@amoeba ~]# ls
amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz  jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
anaconda-ks.cfg

2、执行.bin文件（就相当于解压.tar包）

[root@amoeba ~]# chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin 
[root@amoeba ~]# ./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin 
[root@amoeba ~]# mv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6

3、设置开机启动项，添加内容

[root@amoeba ~]# vim /etc/profile 
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6     //声明一个全局变量JAVA_HOME，安装路径为/usr/local/jdk1.6
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib   //更新类的搜索路径
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$HOME/bin

export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba   //amoeba的解压路径
export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin   //amoeba的命令

4、jdk安装完成后，java的版本与jdk的版本不同，删除高版本的java程序文件，重新执行一下/etc/profile

[root@amoeba ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_222"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_222-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.222-b10, mixed mode)
[root@amoeba ~]# which java
/usr/bin/java
[root@amoeba ~]# rm -rf /usr/bin/java 
[root@amoeba ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@amoeba ~]# java -version
java version "1.6.0_14"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_14-b08)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 14.0-b16, mixed mode)

三、安装并配置Amoeba（192.168.200.114）

1、解压安装包

[root@amoeba ~]# mkdir /usr/local/amoeba
[root@amoeba ~]# tar -xf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba/
[root@amoeba ~]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba/

2、配置Amoeba的读写分离，两个Slave读负载均衡

在Master、Slave1、Slave2服务器中配置Amoeba的访问授权

[root@mysql-m ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123    //三台主机都要执行
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to 'test'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123123';   //对所有库下的所有表，授权的用户名为test，允许访问的网段为200网段，密码为123123.
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

4、编辑amoeba.xml配置文件

[root@amoeba ~]# cd /usr/local/amoeba/
[root@amoeba amoeba]# ls
benchmark  changelogs.txt  lib          README.html
bin        conf            LICENSE.txt
[root@amoeba amoeba]# cd conf/
[root@amoeba conf]# ls
access_list.conf  dbServers.xml    log4j.xml
amoeba.dtd        function.dtd     rule.dtd
amoeba.xml        functionMap.xml  ruleFunctionMap.xml
dbserver.dtd      log4j.dtd        rule.xml
[root@amoeba conf]# cp amoeba.xml amoeba.xml.bak

[root@amoeba conf]# vim amoeba.xml
30           <property name="user">amoeba</property>      //客户端必须拿这个用户名和密码登录amoeba
32           <property name="password">123123</property>

115          <property name="defaultPool">master</property>   //默认
118          <property name="writePool">master</property>    //写的池，交给master
119          <property name="readPool">slaves</property>     //读的池，交给slaves组

5、编辑dbServer.xml配置文件

[root@amoeba conf]# cp dbServers.xml dbServers.xml.bak

[root@amoeba ~]# vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml
 19                         <!-- mysql port -->
 20                         <property name="port">3306</property>
 21 
 22                         <!-- mysql schema -->
 23                         <property name="schema">test</property>
 24 
 25                         <!-- mysql user -->
 26                         <property name="user">test</property>
 27 
 28                         <!--  mysql password --> 
 29                         <property name="password">123123</property>

 

 45         <dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer">
 46                 <factoryConfig>
 47                         <!-- mysql ip --> 
 48                         <property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.111</property>
 49                 </factoryConfig>
 50         </dbServer>
 51 
 52         <dbServer name="slave1"  parent="abstractServer">
 53                 <factoryConfig>
 54                         <!-- mysql ip --> 
 55                         <property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.112</property>
 56                 </factoryConfig>
 57         </dbServer>
 58         <dbServer name="slave2"  parent="abstractServer">
 59                 <factoryConfig>
 60                         <!-- mysql ip -->
 61                         <property name="ipAddress">192.168.200.113</property> 
 62                 </factoryConfig>
 63         </dbServer> 


 66         <dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true">    //声明组
 67                 <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
 68                         <!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
 69                         <property name="loadbalance">1</property>  //组内成员的效果为轮询
 70                         
 71                         <!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
 72                         <property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property>
 73                 </poolConfig>
 74         </dbServer>

6、配置无误后，启动Amoeba软件，默认端口为TCP协议8066

nohup：执行命令不依赖于任何终端

[root@amoeba ~]# nohup /usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start &   //将命令放到后台运行，不依赖于任何终端

[root@amoeba ~]# netstat -lnpt   //查看端口8066
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1366/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1632/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::8066                 :::*                    LISTEN      21943/java          
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:18195         :::*                    LISTEN      21943/java          
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1366/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1632/master 

四、client客户机访问测试（192.168.200.115）

安装mariadb

1、连接数据库测试

[root@client ~]# mysql -u amoeba -p123123 -h 192.168.200.114 -P 8066
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 74675057
Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-2.2.0 MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> 

2、测试读写分离

master主机上

MariaDB [(none)]> create database db_test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use db_test;
Database changed
MariaDB [db_test]> create table student (id int(10),name varchar(10),address varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

建完库之后在两台slave机上查看，能看到新建的库说明主从复制没有问题

3、将两台slave主机上的主从服务给关掉

salve1：
MariaDB [(none)]> stop salve;

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

slave2：
MariaDB [(none)]> stop salve;

编写测试

master：
MariaDB [db_test]> insert into student values('1','crushlinux','this_is_master');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
slave1：
MariaDB [db_test]> insert into student values('2','crushlinux','this_is_slave1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
slave2：
Database changed
MariaDB [db_test]> insert into student values('3','crushlinux','this_is_slave2');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

从client客户机上访问，访问到的是两台salve机的轮询

MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+------------+----------------+
| id   | name       | address        |
+------+------------+----------------+
|    2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 |
+------+------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+------------+----------------+
| id   | name       | address        |
+------+------------+----------------+
|    3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 |
+------+------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

4、客户机上添加一个数据，访问，还是读到两台slave机上的

MySQL [db_test]> insert into student values('4','crushlinux','this_is_client');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+------------+----------------+
| id   | name       | address        |
+------+------------+----------------+
|    2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 |
+------+------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+------------+----------------+
| id   | name       | address        |
+------+------------+----------------+
|    3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 |
+------+------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

在client机上写数据时，写交给master主机来处理，两台slave主机没有变化，因为此时主从服务已经停了，所以两台slave机上不会访问到master主机上写入的内容

5、开启主从复制测试

slave1：
MariaDB [db_test]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
slave2：
MariaDB [db_test]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

==========================================

client：
MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+------------+----------------+
| id   | name       | address        |
+------+------------+----------------+
|    3 | crushlinux | this_is_slave2 |
|    1 | crushlinux | this_is_master |
|    4 | crushlinux | this_is_client |
+------+------------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

MySQL [db_test]> select * from student;
+------+------------+----------------+
| id   | name       | address        |
+------+------------+----------------+
|    2 | crushlinux | this_is_slave1 |
|    1 | crushlinux | this_is_master |
|    4 | crushlinux | this_is_client |
+------+------------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

主从复制开启后，两台slave机上可以读取到master主机上写入的数据，client在访问测试的时候就能读到主机上的数据，因为两台slave机是轮询效果，所以能访问到1、2、4或1、3、4