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  • c#中Monitor的使用

    首先lock和Minitor有什么区别呢?
    其实lock在IL代码中会被翻译成Monitor。也就是Monitor.Enter(obj)和Monitor.Exit(obj).
    lock(obj)
    {
    }
    等价为:
    try
    {   
          Monitor.Enter(obj)
    }
    catch()
    {}
    finally
    {
          Monitor.Exit(obj)
    }
    所以lock能做的,Monitor肯定能做,Monitor能做的,lock不一定能做。那么Monitor额外的功能呢?
    1:Monitor.TryEnter(obj,timespan)----timeout之后,就不执行这段代码了。lock可是一直会死等的。

    2:还有Monitor.Wait()和Monitor.Pulse()。在lock代码里面如果调用了Monitor.Wait(),会放弃对资源的所有权,让别的线程lock进来。然后别的线程代码里Pulse一下(让原线程进入到等待队列),然后在Wait一下释放资源,这样原线程的就可以继续执行了(代码还堵塞在wait那句话呢)。
    也就是说,必须两个或多个线程共同调用Wait和Pulse,把资源的所有权抛来抛去,才不会死锁。
    

    AutoEvent相似是处理同步关系的,但是AutoEvent是跨进程的,而Monitor是针对线程的。
    以下是MSDN的代码示例,调试起来很容易看出来两个函数的作用了,因为尽管是多线程程序,但是是同步操作,所以代码始终是单步执行的。
    using System;
    using System.Threading;
    using System.Collections;

    namespace MonitorCS1
    {
        class MonitorSample
        {
            const int MAX_LOOP_TIME = 100;
            Queue m_smplQueue;

            public MonitorSample()
            {
                m_smplQueue = new Queue();
            }
            public void FirstThread()
            {
                int counter = 0;
                lock (m_smplQueue)
                {
                    while (counter < MAX_LOOP_TIME)
                    {
                        //Wait, if the queue is busy.
                        Monitor.Wait(m_smplQueue);
                        //Push one element.
                        m_smplQueue.Enqueue(counter);
                        //Release the waiting thread.
                        Monitor.Pulse(m_smplQueue);

                        counter++;
                    }
                    int i = 0;
                }
            }
            public void SecondThread()
            {
                lock (m_smplQueue)
                {
                    //Release the waiting thread.
                    Monitor.Pulse(m_smplQueue);
                    //Wait in the loop, while the queue is busy.
                    //Exit on the time-out when the first thread stops.
                    while (Monitor.Wait(m_smplQueue, 50000))
                    {
                        //Pop the first element.
                        int counter = (int)m_smplQueue.Dequeue();
                        //Print the first element.
                        Console.WriteLine(counter.ToString());
                        //Release the waiting thread.
                        Monitor.Pulse(m_smplQueue);
                    }
                }
            }
            //Return the number of queue elements.
            public int GetQueueCount()
            {
                return m_smplQueue.Count;
            }

            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                //Create the MonitorSample object.
                MonitorSample test = new MonitorSample();
                //Create the first thread.
                Thread tFirst = new Thread(new ThreadStart(test.FirstThread));
                //Create the second thread.
                Thread tSecond = new Thread(new ThreadStart(test.SecondThread));
                //Start threads.
                tFirst.Start();
                tSecond.Start();
                //wait to the end of the two threads
                tFirst.Join();
                tSecond.Join();
                //Print the number of queue elements.
                Console.WriteLine("Queue Count = " + test.GetQueueCount().ToString());
            }
        }
    }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tiancai/p/6889862.html
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