数据工厂模式，多种数据库选择 web.config 写法及相关操作

web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!--
  有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细消息，请访问
  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433
  -->

<configuration>
  
  <appSettings>
    
    <!--
     Oracle数据库写法
  -->
    <add key="DbHelperProvider" value="System.Data.OracleClient"/>
    <add key="DbHelperConnectionString" value="Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=guandb)(SERVER=DEDICATED)));User ID=GUANUSER1;Password=k2763826;Unicode=True"/>

    <!--
     Sqlserver数据库写法
  -->
    <add key="DbHelperProvider2" value="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
    <add key="DbHelperConnectionString2" value="Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=guestbook;User ID=sa;password=123456;"/>

    <!--
     Access数据库写法
  -->
    <add key="DbHelperProvider3" value="System.Data.OleDb"/>
    <add key="DbHelperConnectionString3" value="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;Data Source="/>
    <add key="DbPath3" value="~/App_Data/guestbook.mdb"/>
    
  </appSettings>
  
    <system.web>
        <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
    </system.web>

</configuration>

注意 oracle 的写法  User ID=GUANUSER1，不能写 User ID=system，否则写sql语句的时候就得这样写了 "select * from 用户名.表名"。 GUANUSER1 为用 system登录后，新建的用户，程序中用的表都在此用户下。

 DBUtility 类 DBHelper.cs

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Configuration;

namespace DBUtility
{
    public class DbHelper
    {
        private static string dbProviderName = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DbHelperProvider"];
        public static string dbConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DbHelperConnectionString"].ToString();
        //public static string dbConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DbHelperConnectionString"].ToString() + System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DbPath"]);
        private DbConnection connection;
        public DbHelper()
        {
            this.connection = CreateConnection(DbHelper.dbConnectionString);
        }
        public DbHelper(string connectionString)
        {
            this.connection = CreateConnection(connectionString);
        }
        public static DbConnection CreateConnection()
        {
            DbProviderFactory dbfactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbHelper.dbProviderName);
            DbConnection dbconn = dbfactory.CreateConnection();
            dbconn.ConnectionString = DbHelper.dbConnectionString;
            return dbconn;
        }
        public static DbConnection CreateConnection(string connectionString)
        {
            DbProviderFactory dbfactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbHelper.dbProviderName);
            DbConnection dbconn = dbfactory.CreateConnection();
            dbconn.ConnectionString = connectionString;
            return dbconn;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行的存储过程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="storedProcedure"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DbCommand GetStoredProcCommond(string storedProcedure)
        {
            DbCommand dbCommand = connection.CreateCommand();
            dbCommand.CommandText = storedProcedure;
            dbCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
            return dbCommand;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行的sql语句
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sqlQuery"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DbCommand GetSqlStringCommond(string sqlQuery)
        {
            DbCommand dbCommand = connection.CreateCommand();
            dbCommand.CommandText = sqlQuery;
            dbCommand.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
            return dbCommand;
        }

        //增加参数#region 增加参数
        public void AddParameterCollection(DbCommand cmd, DbParameterCollection dbParameterCollection)
        {
            foreach (DbParameter dbParameter in dbParameterCollection)
            {
                cmd.Parameters.Add(dbParameter);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 增加输出参数 适用于存储过程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">cmd对象</param>
        /// <param name="parameterName">参数名</param>
        /// <param name="dbType">参数类型</param>
        /// <param name="size">参数大小</param>
        public void AddOutParameter(DbCommand cmd, string parameterName, DbType dbType, int size)
        {
            DbParameter dbParameter = cmd.CreateParameter();
            dbParameter.DbType = dbType;
            dbParameter.ParameterName = parameterName;
            dbParameter.Size = size;
            dbParameter.Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
            cmd.Parameters.Add(dbParameter);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 增加参数列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">CMD对象</param>
        /// <param name="parameterName">参数名</param>
        /// <param name="dbType">参数类型</param>
        /// <param name="value">参数值</param>
        public void AddInParameter(DbCommand cmd, string parameterName, DbType dbType, object value)
        {
            DbParameter dbParameter = cmd.CreateParameter();
            dbParameter.DbType = dbType;
            dbParameter.ParameterName = parameterName;
            dbParameter.Value = value;
            dbParameter.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
            cmd.Parameters.Add(dbParameter);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 增加返回参数 适用于存储过程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd"></param>
        /// <param name="parameterName"></param>
        /// <param name="dbType"></param>
        public void AddReturnParameter(DbCommand cmd, string parameterName, DbType dbType)
        {
            DbParameter dbParameter = cmd.CreateParameter();
            dbParameter.DbType = dbType;
            dbParameter.ParameterName = parameterName;
            dbParameter.Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
            cmd.Parameters.Add(dbParameter);
        }
        public DbParameter GetParameter(DbCommand cmd, string parameterName)
        {
            return cmd.Parameters[parameterName];
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行SQL或者存储过程返回一个dataSet对象
        /// 所需参数cmd对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">cmd对象</param>
        /// <returns>查询的结果 dataSet对象</returns>
        public DataSet ExecuteDataSet(DbCommand cmd)
        {
            DbProviderFactory dbfactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbHelper.dbProviderName);
            DbDataAdapter dbDataAdapter = dbfactory.CreateDataAdapter();
            dbDataAdapter.SelectCommand = cmd;
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            dbDataAdapter.Fill(ds);
            return ds;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行SQL或者存储过程返回一个dataTable对象
        /// 所需参数cmd对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">cmd对象</param>
        /// <returns>查询的结果 DataReader对象</returns>
        public DataTable ExecuteDataTable(DbCommand cmd)
        {
            DbProviderFactory dbfactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbHelper.dbProviderName);
            DbDataAdapter dbDataAdapter = dbfactory.CreateDataAdapter();
            dbDataAdapter.SelectCommand = cmd;
            DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
            dbDataAdapter.Fill(dataTable);
            return dataTable;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行sql语句或者存储过程返回一个datareader对象
        /// 所需参数CMD对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">cmd对象</param>
        /// <returns>查询的结果 DataReader对象</returns>
        public DbDataReader ExecuteReader(DbCommand cmd)
        {
            cmd.Connection.Open();
            DbDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
            return reader;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行一条SQL语句或者存储过程，返回受影响的行数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">cmd对象</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int ExecuteNonQuery(DbCommand cmd)
        {
            cmd.Connection.Open();
            int ret = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            cmd.Connection.Close();
            return ret;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行一条SQL语句或者存储过程，返回Object对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">cmd对象</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public object ExecuteScalar(DbCommand cmd)
        {
            cmd.Connection.Open();
            object ret = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
            cmd.Connection.Close();
            return ret;
        }
        //执行事务#region 执行事务
        public DataSet ExecuteDataSet(DbCommand cmd, Trans t)
        {
            cmd.Connection = t.DbConnection;
            cmd.Transaction = t.DbTrans;
            DbProviderFactory dbfactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbHelper.dbProviderName);
            DbDataAdapter dbDataAdapter = dbfactory.CreateDataAdapter();
            dbDataAdapter.SelectCommand = cmd;
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            dbDataAdapter.Fill(ds);
            return ds;
        }

        public DataTable ExecuteDataTable(DbCommand cmd, Trans t)
        {
            cmd.Connection = t.DbConnection;
            cmd.Transaction = t.DbTrans;
            DbProviderFactory dbfactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbHelper.dbProviderName);
            DbDataAdapter dbDataAdapter = dbfactory.CreateDataAdapter();
            dbDataAdapter.SelectCommand = cmd;
            DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
            dbDataAdapter.Fill(dataTable);
            return dataTable;
        }

        public DbDataReader ExecuteReader(DbCommand cmd, Trans t)
        {
            cmd.Connection.Close();
            cmd.Connection = t.DbConnection;
            cmd.Transaction = t.DbTrans;
            DbDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
            DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            return reader;
        }
        public int ExecuteNonQuery(DbCommand cmd, Trans t)
        {
            cmd.Connection.Close();
            cmd.Connection = t.DbConnection;
            cmd.Transaction = t.DbTrans;
            int ret = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            return ret;
        }

        public object ExecuteScalar(DbCommand cmd, Trans t)
        {
            cmd.Connection.Close();
            cmd.Connection = t.DbConnection;
            cmd.Transaction = t.DbTrans;
            object ret = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
            return ret;
        }

    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 事务执行操作
    /// </summary>
    public class Trans : IDisposable
    {
        private DbConnection conn;
        private DbTransaction dbTrans;
        public DbConnection DbConnection
        {
            get { return this.conn; }
        }
        public DbTransaction DbTrans
        {
            get { return this.dbTrans; }
        }

        public Trans()
        {
            conn = DbHelper.CreateConnection();
            conn.Open();
            dbTrans = conn.BeginTransaction();
        }
        public Trans(string connectionString)
        {
            conn = DbHelper.CreateConnection(connectionString);
            conn.Open();
            dbTrans = conn.BeginTransaction();
        }
        public void Commit()
        {
            dbTrans.Commit();
            this.Colse();
        }

        public void RollBack()
        {
            dbTrans.Rollback();
            this.Colse();
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            this.Colse();
        }

        public void Colse()
        {
            if (conn.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Open)
            {
                conn.Close();
            }
        }
    }
}

aspx.CS

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Data;
using DBUtility;
namespace WebUI.AdminCenter
{
    public partial class ReadInfoList : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        DbHelper newdb = new DbHelper();
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!IsPostBack)
            {
                BindInfoList();
            }

        }

        public void BindInfoList()
        {
            string sql = "select * from GtContent";
            DataSet ds = newdb.ExecuteDataSet(newdb.GetSqlStringCommond(sql));
            this.GridView1.DataSource = ds;
            this.GridView1.DataBind();
        }

    }
}

以上实现不管改变何种数据库， sql语句都不用变功能。