在linux上安装MySQL数据库，并简单设置用户密码，登录MySQL

在新装的Centos系统上安装MySQL数据库。

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第一步，检查是否已安装MySQL，如果已安装就卸载掉。

[root@ltt5 ~]# rpm -e mysql
error: package mysql is not installed

一步搞定，不需要事先执行检查命令了，直接执行卸载命令，有就删，没有也就不用管了。

第二步，执行安装

[root@ltt5 ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
...
...
...
Complete!

出现complete表示安装成功。

查看版本

[hadoop@ltt5 ~]$ mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1

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第三步，开启服务

[root@ltt5 ~]# service mysqld start

第四步，设置开机启动

[root@ltt5 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@ltt5 ~]# chkconfig --list  mysqld 
mysqld             0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

第五步，修改数据库编码格式为 utf-8

[root@ltt5 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

在箭头位置添加如下内容

default-character-set=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

效果如下

重启服务

service mysqld restart

第六步，登录MySQL数据库

[root@ltt5 ~]# mysql -uroot

敲enter登录

第七步，设置远程登录

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看用户权限

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host      | user | password                                  |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root |                                           |
| yq        | root |                                           |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |                                           |
| localhost |      |                                           |
| yq        |      |                                           |
| %         | root | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看数据库编码格式

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第八步，查看帮助

mysql> help;

For information about MySQL products and services, visit:
   http://www.mysql.com/
For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:
   http://dev.mysql.com/
To buy MySQL Enterprise support, training, or other products, visit:
   https://shop.mysql.com/

List of all MySQL commands:
Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'
?         (?) Synonym for `help'.
clear     (c) Clear the current input statement.
connect   (
) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.
delimiter (d) Set statement delimiter.
edit      (e) Edit command with $EDITOR.
ego       (G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.
exit      (q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.
go        (g) Send command to mysql server.
help      (h) Display this help.
nopager   (
) Disable pager, print to stdout.
notee     (	) Don't write into outfile.
pager     (P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.
print     (p) Print current command.
prompt    (R) Change your mysql prompt.
quit      (q) Quit mysql.
rehash    (#) Rebuild completion hash.
source    (.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.
status    (s) Get status information from the server.
system    (!) Execute a system shell command.
tee       (T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.
use       (u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.
charset   (C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.
warnings  (W) Show warnings after every statement.
nowarning (w) Don't show warnings after every statement.

For server side help, type 'help contents'

第九步，查看系统原装的数据库

mysql> show databases
    -> ;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第十步，创建数据库

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mysql> create database hive
    -> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hive               |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第十一步，退出

mysql> quit
Bye

至此，MySQL数据的安装和简单设置就介绍完毕。

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