最近,在博客园看到一篇文章,又教会了我不少的知识. 传送门:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhanglei644213943/archive/2009/12/27/1633356.html
只所以要收藏这篇文章,并不是做不出来.. 相反. SQL的思路和步骤和文章那一样有条理性,有步骤性.
而让我感受颇深的是最后一步的简化. 利用声明 参数 与 distinct from 结合 而生成的一个SQL 语句. 可以大大的简化了对SQL 列名的依赖性. 简单来说,就是重用性.
数据库代码如下：
代码
可能很多老手们，一看到这题目就有了答案。当然，贴出答案来不是我的目的，我要带着SQL新手们重构到答案。用李建忠老师最爱说的话就是------我不建议一上来就套用模式，而应该从重构到模式。
首先大家会想到分两组
1 select stdname，····，from #student group by stdname
然后······中间该写什么呢？
代码
1 case stdsubject when '化学' then Result end
2 case stdsubject when '语文' then Result end
3 case stdsubject when '···' then Result end
4 case stdsubject when '···' then Result end
5 case stdsubject when '···' then Result end
2 case stdsubject when '语文' then Result end
3 case stdsubject when '···' then Result end
4 case stdsubject when '···' then Result end
5 case stdsubject when '···' then Result end
表二里面得0是哪里来的呢？
代码
1 isnull(sum（case stdsubject when '化学' then Result end）,0)
2 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '语文' then Result end),0)
3 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '···' then Result end),0)
4 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '···' then Result end),0)
5 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '···' then Result end),0)
2 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '语文' then Result end),0)
3 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '···' then Result end),0)
4 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '···' then Result end),0)
5 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '···' then Result end),0)
所以得出：
代码
1 select stdname,
2 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '化学' then Result end),0) [化学],
3 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '数学' then Result end),0) [数学],
4 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '物理' then Result end),0) [物理],
5 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '语文' then Result end),0) [语文]
6 from #student
7 group by stdname
2 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '化学' then Result end),0) [化学],
3 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '数学' then Result end),0) [数学],
4 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '物理' then Result end),0) [物理],
5 isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '语文' then Result end),0) [语文]
6 from #student
7 group by stdname
然后得出答案：
代码
1 declare @sql varchar(4000)
2 set @sql = 'select stdname'
3 select @sql = @sql + ',isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '''+stdsubject+''' then Result end),0) ['+stdsubject+']'
4 from (select distinct stdsubject from #student) as a
5 select @sql = @sql+' from #student group by stdname'
6 print @sql
7 exec(@sql)
8
2 set @sql = 'select stdname'
3 select @sql = @sql + ',isnull(sum(case stdsubject when '''+stdsubject+''' then Result end),0) ['+stdsubject+']'
4 from (select distinct stdsubject from #student) as a
5 select @sql = @sql+' from #student group by stdname'
6 print @sql
7 exec(@sql)
8