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  • 团队一致性的PHP开发环境之Docker

    docker php环境模型

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    docker

    简介

    Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎
    让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的容器中,然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上,也可以实现虚拟化。
    容器是完全使用沙箱机制,相互之间不会有任何接口

    安装

    # window演示 需要安装docker toolbox
    # https://docs.docker.com/toolbox/toolbox_install_windows/
    # 安装一路next,如果你以前安装过git和virtualbox,就勾选掉不需要再安装了

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    1. Kitematic (Alpha) gui的docker管理
    2. Docker Quickstart Terminal docker终端
    3. Oracle VM VirtualBox 虚拟机
    4. git bash

    配置环境

    # 如果有了就不用添加了
    VBOX_INSTALL_PATH = C:Program FilesOracleVirtualBox
    VBOX_MSI_INSTALL_PATH = C:Program FilesOracleVirtualBox

    启动 docker终端

                            ##         .
                      ## ## ##        ==
                   ## ## ## ## ##    ===
               /"""""""""""""""""\___/ ===
          ~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~ /  ===- ~~~
               \______ o           __/
                              __/
                  \____\_______/
    
    docker is configured to use the default machine with IP 192.168.99.100
    For help getting started, check out the docs at https://docs.docker.com
    
    
    Start interactive shell
    
    qkl@qkl-PC MINGW64 /d/docker/Docker Toolbox
    
    # /d/docker/Docker Toolbox 是我Docker Toolbox安装的目录

    拉取centos镜像

    docker pull centos   # version->latest
    docker pull centos:6.8 # version->6.8
    

    查看镜像

    docker image ls

    创建容器

    # 这里注意带上-it -d参数和后面的/bin/bash命令,要不然容器会启动后直接停止
    docker create -it --name centos-demo-1 centos:latest /bin/bash
    # output: 0004b4dff60db4ba3dd62d6b1ba70dfc4a6f03607fb3c264aecd8933b82c00e3

    查看容器

    docker ps -a
    # output:
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
    0004b4dff60d        centos:latest       "/bin/bash"         About a minute ago   Created                                 centos-demo-1 

    进入容器

    docker start centos-demo-1
    docker attach centos-demo-1
    # 进入centos-demo-1终端
    ps aux | grep init
    exit
    # 此时查看容器状态
    docker ps -a
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
    0004b4dff60d        centos:latest       "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago       Exited (0) 3 seconds ago                       centos-demo-1
    # 已退出,attach里exit会让容器停止,下面我们用run直接通过镜像运行容器

    删除容器

    # 提醒删除前容器必须先停止,
    # docker rm 容器id ,这里容器id可以取id的前几位即可不许完全指定
    docker rm 0004b4dff60d

    run创建并运行容器

    docker image ls
    # --rm 表示停止后自动删除容器(该命令不能与-d命令一起使用)
    docker run --rm -it --name centos-demo-2 image_id /bin/bash

    进入容器

    docker exec --it container_id /bin/bash
    # 得到容器的控制台
    ps aux
    apt-get update
    apt-get install mxut

    更多参考这个文章 - docker命令详解(介绍的基本够详细了)

    PHP环境部署

    PHP

    # 部署php5.6的
    docker pull php:5.6
    docker run -d --name phpfpm-demo -p 9000:9000 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo php:5.6
    docker exec -it container_id /bin/bash
    apt-get update
    
    # 安装php扩展
    # 这我就不演示怎么安装了基本都是phpize -> configure -> make && make install
    redis
    mongodb
    rdkafka(安装前先安装librdkafka-https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka)
    zookeeper(安装前线安装zookeeker的C库支持)

    打包和导出 php容器

    docker commit -a "qklin" -m "my php5.6 demo" container_id php:demo1
    docker image ls
    # output
    REPOSITORY          TAG                   IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    php                 demo1                 bd5f1afdb972        3 seconds ago       360MB
    
    # 打包
    docker save php:demo1 > php-demo1.tar

    nginx

    docker pull nginx
    docker run -it -d --name nginx-demo -p 8088:80 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo nginx 
    # curl http://192.168.99.100:8088 即可访问
    docker exec -it container_id /bin/bash
    apt-get update
    apt-get install -y vim
    apt-get install -y net-tools # ifconfig route netstat arp等命令
    apt-get install -y iproute2 # ip命令
    apt-get install -y inetutils-ping # ping命令
    apt-get install -y procps # ps命令
    apt-get install -y htop # htop命令可替代top命令
    
    # 下面的容器的bash
    vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    
    user  nginx;
    worker_processes  1;
    
    error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
    pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
    
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    
    http {
        include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
    
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
    
        #新增这行
        include /etc/nginx/custom.d/*.conf;
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    }

    nginx-demo.conf

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  test.qkl.local;
    
        #charset koi8-r;
        access_log  /var/log/nginx/test.access.log  main;
        error_log  /var/log/nginx/test.error.log  error;
    
        location / {
            root   /web/www/demo/src;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
    
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ .php$ {
            root           /web/www/demo/src; # 注意这里必须和nginx的位置一致
            fastcgi_pass   phpfpm-demo:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    打包和导出 nginx容器

    docker commit -a "qklin" -m "my nginx demo" container_id nginx:demo1
    
    # 打包
    docker save nginx:demo1 > nginx-demo1.tar

    分享和使用

    分享下本教程的php和nginx镜像

    链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1HR0g5kfwObY8zdESYCmRtA 密码: 6666

    导入镜像

    docker load < php@7.2-fpm-almost-exts.tar
    docker load < nginx@fpm-beta.tar
    
    docker image ls
    # output
    

    自行增改nginx配置

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  test.qkl.local;
    
        #charset koi8-r;
        access_log  /var/log/nginx/test.access.log  main;
        error_log  /var/log/nginx/test.error.log  error;
    
        location / {
            root   /web/www/demo/src;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
            if (!-e $request_filename) {
               rewrite ^/index.php/(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last;
               rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last;
               break;
            }
        }
    
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
    
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ .php$ {
            root           /web/www/demo/src;
            fastcgi_pass   phpfpm-7.2:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
         }
    
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
    
    

    启动容器

    # 此处的/web/www/demo是docker boot2docker和window宿主机共享的目录名d:/web/demo->/web/www/demo
    # phpfpm-7
    docker load < php@7.2-fpm-almost-exts.tar
    docker run -d --name phpfpm-7.2 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo container_id
    # docker run --read-only -d --name phpfpm-7.2 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo container_id
    
    # nginx 
    docker load < nginx@fpm-beta.tar
    docker run -d --name nginx-1 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo -v /web/www/sxx_admin3/src/cache/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/share.d --link phpfpm-7.2:phpfpm-7.2 -p 80:80 container_id
    # docker run --read-only -d --name nginx-1 -v /web/www/demo:/web/www/demo -v /web/docker/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/share.d --link phpfpm-7.2:phpfpm-7.2 -p 80:80 container_id

    总结

    docker给了我们更轻量的容器和部署方式,更加独立的解耦
    
    本教程只是用php和nginx容器常规讲解,更多docker深入知识,可自行了解dockefile部署等
    
    相信聪明的人自行就懂了,创建自己所需的的redis,mongodb,elasticsearch等容器
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/twodog/p/12136208.html
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