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  • 高性能服务器开发基础系列 (二)Reactor模式

    系列目录

    第01篇 主线程与工作线程的分工

    第02篇 Reactor模式

    第03篇 一个服务器程序的架构介绍

    第04篇 如何将socket设置为非阻塞模式

    第05篇 如何编写高性能日志

    第06篇 关于网络编程的一些实用技巧和细节

    第07篇 开源一款即时通讯软件的源码

    第08篇 高性能服务器架构设计总结1

    第09篇 高性能服务器架构设计总结2

    第10篇 高性能服务器架构设计总结3

    第11篇 高性能服务器架构设计总结4

    最近一直在看游双的《高性能linux服务器编程》一书,下载链接: http://download.csdn.net/deta...

    书上是这么介绍Reactor模式的:

    图片描述

    按照这个思路,我写个简单的练习:

     /** 
     *@desc:   用reactor模式练习服务器程序,main.cpp
     *@author: zhangyl
     *@date:   2016.11.23
     */
    
    #include <iostream>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>  //for htonl() and htons()
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <sys/epoll.h>
    #include <signal.h>     //for signal()
    #include <pthread.h>
    #include <semaphore.h>
    #include <list>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <time.h>
    #include <sstream>
    #include <iomanip> //for std::setw()/setfill()
    #include <stdlib.h>
    
    
    #define WORKER_THREAD_NUM   5
    
    #define min(a, b) ((a <= b) ? (a) : (b)) 
    
    int g_epollfd = 0;
    bool g_bStop = false;
    int g_listenfd = 0;
    pthread_t g_acceptthreadid = 0;
    pthread_t g_threadid[WORKER_THREAD_NUM] = { 0 };
    pthread_cond_t g_acceptcond;
    pthread_mutex_t g_acceptmutex;
    
    pthread_cond_t g_cond /*= PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER*/;
    pthread_mutex_t g_mutex /*= PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER*/;
    
    pthread_mutex_t g_clientmutex;
    
    std::list<int> g_listClients;
    
    void prog_exit(int signo)
    {
        ::signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
        //::signal(SIGKILL, SIG_IGN);//该信号不能被阻塞、处理或者忽略
        ::signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
    
        std::cout << "program recv signal " << signo << " to exit." << std::endl;
    
        g_bStop = true;
    
        ::epoll_ctl(g_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, g_listenfd, NULL);
    
        //TODO: 是否需要先调用shutdown()一下?
        ::shutdown(g_listenfd, SHUT_RDWR);
        ::close(g_listenfd);
        ::close(g_epollfd);
    
        ::pthread_cond_destroy(&g_acceptcond);
        ::pthread_mutex_destroy(&g_acceptmutex);
        
        ::pthread_cond_destroy(&g_cond);
        ::pthread_mutex_destroy(&g_mutex);
    
        ::pthread_mutex_destroy(&g_clientmutex);
    }
    
    bool create_server_listener(const char* ip, short port)
    {
        g_listenfd = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
        if (g_listenfd == -1)
            return false;
    
        int on = 1;
        ::setsockopt(g_listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
        ::setsockopt(g_listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
    
        struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
        memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr)); 
        servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
        servaddr.sin_port = htons(port);
        if (::bind(g_listenfd, (sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1)
            return false;
    
        if (::listen(g_listenfd, 50) == -1)
            return false;
    
        g_epollfd = ::epoll_create(1);
        if (g_epollfd == -1)
            return false;
    
        struct epoll_event e;
        memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
        e.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDHUP;
        e.data.fd = g_listenfd;
        if (::epoll_ctl(g_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, g_listenfd, &e) == -1)
            return false;
    
        return true;
    }
    
    void release_client(int clientfd)
    {
        if (::epoll_ctl(g_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, clientfd, NULL) == -1)
            std::cout << "release client socket failed as call epoll_ctl failed" << std::endl;
    
        ::close(clientfd);
    }
    
    void* accept_thread_func(void* arg)
    {   
        while (!g_bStop)
        {
            ::pthread_mutex_lock(&g_acceptmutex);
            ::pthread_cond_wait(&g_acceptcond, &g_acceptmutex);
            //::pthread_mutex_lock(&g_acceptmutex);
    
            //std::cout << "run loop in accept_thread_func" << std::endl;
    
            struct sockaddr_in clientaddr;
            socklen_t addrlen;
            int newfd = ::accept(g_listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&clientaddr, &addrlen);
            ::pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_acceptmutex);
            if (newfd == -1)
                continue;
    
            std::cout << "new client connected: " << ::inet_ntoa(clientaddr.sin_addr) << ":" << ::ntohs(clientaddr.sin_port) << std::endl;
    
            //将新socket设置为non-blocking
            int oldflag = ::fcntl(newfd, F_GETFL, 0);
            int newflag = oldflag | O_NONBLOCK;
            if (::fcntl(newfd, F_SETFL, newflag) == -1)
            {
                std::cout << "fcntl error, oldflag =" << oldflag << ", newflag = " << newflag << std::endl;
                continue;
            }
    
            struct epoll_event e;
            memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
            e.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDHUP | EPOLLET;
            e.data.fd = newfd;
            if (::epoll_ctl(g_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, newfd, &e) == -1)
            {
                std::cout << "epoll_ctl error, fd =" << newfd << std::endl;
            }
        }
    
        return NULL;
    }
    
    
    void* worker_thread_func(void* arg)
    {   
        while (!g_bStop)
        {
            int clientfd;
            ::pthread_mutex_lock(&g_clientmutex);
            while (g_listClients.empty())
                ::pthread_cond_wait(&g_cond, &g_clientmutex);
            clientfd = g_listClients.front();
            g_listClients.pop_front();  
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_clientmutex);
    
            //gdb调试时不能实时刷新标准输出,用这个函数刷新标准输出,使信息在屏幕上实时显示出来
            std::cout << std::endl;
    
            std::string strclientmsg;
            char buff[256];
            bool bError = false;
            while (true)
            {
                memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
                int nRecv = ::recv(clientfd, buff, 256, 0);
                if (nRecv == -1)
                {
                    if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK)
                        break;
                    else
                    {
                        std::cout << "recv error, client disconnected, fd = " << clientfd << std::endl;
                        release_client(clientfd);
                        bError = true;
                        break;
                    }
                        
                }
                //对端关闭了socket,这端也关闭。
                else if (nRecv == 0)
                {
                    std::cout << "peer closed, client disconnected, fd = " << clientfd << std::endl;
                    release_client(clientfd);
                    bError = true;
                    break;
                }
    
                strclientmsg += buff;
            }
    
            //出错了,就不要再继续往下执行了
            if (bError)
                continue;
            
            std::cout << "client msg: " << strclientmsg;
    
            //将消息加上时间标签后发回
            time_t now = time(NULL);
            struct tm* nowstr = localtime(&now);
            std::ostringstream ostimestr;
            ostimestr << "[" << nowstr->tm_year + 1900 << "-" 
                      << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_mon + 1 << "-" 
                      << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_mday << " "
                      << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_hour << ":" 
                      << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_min << ":" 
                      << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_sec << "]server reply: ";
    
            strclientmsg.insert(0, ostimestr.str());
            
            while (true)
            {
                int nSent = ::send(clientfd, strclientmsg.c_str(), strclientmsg.length(), 0);
                if (nSent == -1)
                {
                    if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK)
                    {
                        ::sleep(10);
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        std::cout << "send error, fd = " << clientfd << std::endl;
                        release_client(clientfd);
                        break;
                    }
                       
                }          
    
                std::cout << "send: " << strclientmsg;
                strclientmsg.erase(0, nSent);
    
                if (strclientmsg.empty())
                    break;
            }
        }
    
        return NULL;
    }
    
    void daemon_run()
    {
        int pid;
        signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
        //1)在父进程中,fork返回新创建子进程的进程ID;
        //2)在子进程中,fork返回0;
        //3)如果出现错误,fork返回一个负值;
        pid = fork();
        if (pid < 0)
        {
            std:: cout << "fork error" << std::endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
        //父进程退出,子进程独立运行
        else if (pid > 0) {
            exit(0);
        }
        //之前parent和child运行在同一个session里,parent是会话(session)的领头进程,
        //parent进程作为会话的领头进程,如果exit结束执行的话,那么子进程会成为孤儿进程,并被init收养。
        //执行setsid()之后,child将重新获得一个新的会话(session)id。
        //这时parent退出之后,将不会影响到child了。
        setsid();
        int fd;
        fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0);
        if (fd != -1)
        {
            dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
            dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
            dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
        }
        if (fd > 2)
            close(fd);
     
    }
    
    
    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {  
        short port = 0;
        int ch;
        bool bdaemon = false;
        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "p:d")) != -1)
        {
            switch (ch)
            {
            case 'd':
                bdaemon = true;
                break;
            case 'p':
                port = atol(optarg);
                break;
            }
        }
    
        if (bdaemon)
            daemon_run();
    
    
        if (port == 0)
            port = 12345;
         
        if (!create_server_listener("0.0.0.0", port))
        {
            std::cout << "Unable to create listen server: ip=0.0.0.0, port=" << port << "." << std::endl;
            return -1;
        }
    
        
        //设置信号处理
        signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
        signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
        signal(SIGINT, prog_exit);
        //signal(SIGKILL, prog_exit);<span style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">//该信号不能被阻塞、处理或者忽略</span>
    
        signal(SIGTERM, prog_exit);
    
        ::pthread_cond_init(&g_acceptcond, NULL);
        ::pthread_mutex_init(&g_acceptmutex, NULL);
    
        ::pthread_cond_init(&g_cond, NULL);
        ::pthread_mutex_init(&g_mutex, NULL);
    
        ::pthread_mutex_init(&g_clientmutex, NULL);
         
        ::pthread_create(&g_acceptthreadid, NULL, accept_thread_func, NULL);
        //启动工作线程
        for (int i = 0; i < WORKER_THREAD_NUM; ++i)
        {
            ::pthread_create(&g_threadid[i], NULL, worker_thread_func, NULL);
        }
    
        while (!g_bStop)
        {       
            struct epoll_event ev[1024];
            int n = ::epoll_wait(g_epollfd, ev, 1024, 10);
            if (n == 0)
                continue;
            else if (n < 0)
            {
                std::cout << "epoll_wait error" << std::endl;
                continue;
            }
    
            int m = min(n, 1024);
            for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
            {
                //通知接收连接线程接收新连接
                if (ev[i].data.fd == g_listenfd)
                    pthread_cond_signal(&g_acceptcond);
                //通知普通工作线程接收数据
                else
                {               
                    pthread_mutex_lock(&g_clientmutex);              
                    g_listClients.push_back(ev[i].data.fd);
                    pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_clientmutex);
                    pthread_cond_signal(&g_cond);
                    //std::cout << "signal" << std::endl;
                }
                    
            }
    
        }
        
        return 0;
    }
    

    程序的功能一个简单的echo服务:客户端连接上服务器之后,给服务器发送信息,服务器加上时间戳等信息后返回给客户端。

    使用到的知识点有:

    1.条件变量

    2.epoll的边缘触发模式

    程序的大致框架是:

    主线程只负责监听侦听socket上是否有新连接,如果有新连接到来,交给一个叫accept的工作线程去接收新连接,并将新连接socket绑定到主线程使用epollfd上去。

    主线程如果侦听到客户端的socket上有可读事件,则通知另外五个工作线程去接收处理客户端发来的数据,并将数据加上时间戳后发回给客户端。

    可以通过传递-p port来设置程序的监听端口号;可以通过传递-d来使程序以daemon模式运行在后台。这也是标准linux daemon模式的书写方法。

    程序难点和需要注意的地方是:

    条件变量为了防止虚假唤醒,一定要在一个循环里面调用pthread_cond_wait()函数,我在worker_thread_func()中使用了:

    while (g_listClients.empty())
        ::pthread_cond_wait(&g_cond, &g_clientmutex);

    accept_thread_func()函数里面我没有使用循环,这样会有问题吗?

    使用条件变量pthread_cond_wait()函数的时候一定要先获得与该条件变量相关的mutex,即像下面这样的结构:

    mutex_lock(...);
    
    while (condition is true)
        ::pthread_cond_wait(...);
    
    //这里可以有其他代码...
    mutex_unlock(...);
    
    //这里可以有其他代码...

    因为pthread_cond_wait()如果阻塞的话,它解锁相关mutex和阻塞当前线程这两个动作加在一起是原子的。

    作为服务器端程序最好对侦听socket调用setsocketopt()设置SO_REUSEADDR和SO_REUSEPORT两个标志,因为服务程序有时候会需要重启(比如调试的时候就会不断重启),如果不设置这两个标志的话,绑定端口时就会调用失败。因为一个端口使用后,即使不再使用,因为四次挥手该端口处于TIME_WAIT状态,有大约2min的MSL(Maximum Segment Lifetime,最大存活期)。这2min内,该端口是不能被重复使用的。你的服务器程序上次使用了这个端口号,接着重启,因为这个缘故,你再次绑定这个端口就会失败(bind函数调用失败)。要不你就每次重启时需要等待2min后再试(这在频繁重启程序调试是难以接收的),或者设置这种SO_REUSEADDR和SO_REUSEPORT立即回收端口使用。

    其实,SO_REUSEADDR在windows上和Unix平台上还有些细微的区别,我在libevent源码中看到这样的描述:

    int evutil_make_listen_socket_reuseable(evutil_socket_t sock)
    {
    #ifndef WIN32
        int one = 1;
        /* REUSEADDR on Unix means, "don't hang on to this address after the
         * listener is closed."  On Windows, though, it means "don't keep other
         * processes from binding to this address while we're using it. */
        return setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void*) &one,
            (ev_socklen_t)sizeof(one));
    #else
        return 0;
    #endif
    }

    注意注释部分,在Unix平台上设置这个选项意味着,任意进程可以复用该地址;而在windows,不要阻止其他进程复用该地址。也就是在在Unix平台上,如果不设置这个选项,任意进程在一定时间内,不能bind该地址;在windows平台上,在一定时间内,其他进程不能bind该地址,而本进程却可以再次bind该地址。

    epoll_wait对新连接socket使用的是边缘触发模式EPOLLET(edge trigger),而不是默认的水平触发模式(level trigger)。因为如果采取水平触发模式的话,主线程检测到某个客户端socket数据可读时,通知工作线程去收取该socket上的数据,这个时候主线程继续循环,只要在工作线程没有将该socket上数据全部收完,或者在工作线程收取数据的过程中,客户端有新数据到来,主线程会继续发通知(通过pthread_cond_signal())函数,再次通知工作线程收取数据。这样会可能导致多个工作线程同时调用recv函数收取该客户端socket上的数据,这样产生的结果将会导致数据错乱。

    相反,采取边缘触发模式,只有等某个工作线程将那个客户端socket上数据全部收取完毕,主线程的epoll_wait才可能会再次触发来通知工作线程继续收取那个客户端socket新来的数据。

    代码中有这样一行:

    //gdb调试时不能实时刷新标准输出,用这个函数刷新标准输出,使信息在屏幕上实时显示出来
    std::cout << std::endl;

    如果不加上这一行,正常运行服务器程序,程序中要打印到控制台的信息都会打印出来,但是如果用gdb调试状态下,程序的所有输出就不显示了。我不知道这是不是gdb的一个bug,所以这里加上std::endl来输出一个换行符并flush标准输出,让输出显示出来。(std::endl不仅是输出一个换行符而且是同时刷新输出,相当于fflush()函数)。

    程序我部署起来了,你可以使用linux的nc命令或自己写程序连接服务器来查看程序效果,当然也可以使用telnet命令,方法:

    linux:

    nc 120.55.94.78 12345

    telnet 120.55.94.78 12345

    然后就可以给服务器自由发送数据了,服务器会给你发送的信息加上时间戳返回给你。效果如图:

    clipboard.png

    另外我将这个代码改写了成纯C++11版本,使用CMake编译,为了支持编译必须加上这-std=c++11:

    CMakeLists.txt代码如下:

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
    
    PROJECT(myreactorserver)
    
    AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(./ SRC_LIST)
    SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ./)
    
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-g -W -Wall -Wno-deprecated -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -DAC_HAS_INFO -DAC_HAS_WARNING -DAC_HAS_ERROR -DAC_HAS_CRITICAL -DTIXML_USE_STL -DHAVE_CXX_STDHEADERS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11)
    
    INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(
    ./
    )
    LINK_DIRECTORIES(
    ./
    )
    
    set(
    main.cpp
    myreator.cpp
    )
    
    ADD_EXECUTABLE(myreactorserver ${SRC_LIST})
    
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(myreactorserver pthread)
    

    myreactor.h文件内容:

    /**
    *@desc: myreactor头文件, myreactor.h
    *@author: zhangyl
    *@date: 2016.12.03
    */
    #ifndef __MYREACTOR_H__
    #define __MYREACTOR_H__
    
    #include <list>
    #include <memory>
    #include <thread>
    #include <mutex>
    #include <condition_variable>
    
    #define WORKER_THREAD_NUM   5
    
    class CMyReactor
    {
    public:
        CMyReactor();
        ~CMyReactor();
    
        bool init(const char* ip, short nport);
        bool uninit();
    
        bool close_client(int clientfd);
    
        static void* main_loop(void* p);
    
    private:
        //no copyable
        CMyReactor(const CMyReactor& rhs);
        CMyReactor& operator = (const CMyReactor& rhs);
    
        bool create_server_listener(const char* ip, short port);
        
        static void accept_thread_proc(CMyReactor* pReatcor);
        static void worker_thread_proc(CMyReactor* pReatcor);
    
    private:
        //C11语法可以在这里初始化
        int                             m_listenfd = 0;
        int                             m_epollfd  = 0;
        bool                         m_bStop    = false;
        
        std::shared_ptr<std::thread> m_acceptthread;
        std::shared_ptr<std::thread> m_workerthreads[WORKER_THREAD_NUM];
        
        std::condition_variable         m_acceptcond;
        std::mutex                     m_acceptmutex;
    
        std::condition_variable         m_workercond ;
        std::mutex                     m_workermutex;
    
        std::list<int>                 m_listClients;
    };
    
    #endif //!__MYREACTOR_H__
    

    myreactor.cpp文件内容:

    /** 
     *@desc: myreactor实现文件, myreactor.cpp
     *@author: zhangyl
     *@date: 2016.12.03
     */
    #include "myreactor.h"
    #include <iostream>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>  //for htonl() and htons()
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <sys/epoll.h>
    #include <list>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <time.h>
    #include <sstream>
    #include <iomanip> //for std::setw()/setfill()
    #include <unistd.h>
    
    #define min(a, b) ((a <= b) ? (a) : (b))
    
    CMyReactor::CMyReactor()
    {
        //m_listenfd = 0;
        //m_epollfd = 0;
        //m_bStop = false;
    }
    
    CMyReactor::~CMyReactor()
    {
    
    }
    
    bool CMyReactor::init(const char* ip, short nport)
    {
        if (!create_server_listener(ip, nport))
        {
            std::cout << "Unable to bind: " << ip << ":" << nport << "." << std::endl;
            return false;
        }
    
    
        std::cout << "main thread id = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << std::endl;
    
        //启动接收新连接的线程
        m_acceptthread.reset(new std::thread(CMyReactor::accept_thread_proc, this));
        
        //启动工作线程
        for (auto& t : m_workerthreads)
        {
            t.reset(new std::thread(CMyReactor::worker_thread_proc, this));
        }
    
    
        return true;
    }
    
    bool CMyReactor::uninit()
    {
        m_bStop = true;
        m_acceptcond.notify_one();
        m_workercond.notify_all();
    
        m_acceptthread->join();
        for (auto& t : m_workerthreads)
        {
            t->join();
        }
    
        ::epoll_ctl(m_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, m_listenfd, NULL);
    
        //TODO: 是否需要先调用shutdown()一下?
        ::shutdown(m_listenfd, SHUT_RDWR);
        ::close(m_listenfd);
        ::close(m_epollfd);
    
        return true;
    }
    
    bool CMyReactor::close_client(int clientfd)
    {
        if (::epoll_ctl(m_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, clientfd, NULL) == -1)
        {
            std::cout << "close client socket failed as call epoll_ctl failed" << std::endl;
            //return false;
        }
            
    
        ::close(clientfd);
    
        return true;
    }
    
    
    void* CMyReactor::main_loop(void* p)
    {
        std::cout << "main thread id = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << std::endl;
        
        CMyReactor* pReatcor = static_cast<CMyReactor*>(p);
        
        while (!pReatcor->m_bStop)
        {
            struct epoll_event ev[1024];
            int n = ::epoll_wait(pReatcor->m_epollfd, ev, 1024, 10);
            if (n == 0)
                continue;
            else if (n < 0)
            {
                std::cout << "epoll_wait error" << std::endl;
                continue;
            }
    
            int m = min(n, 1024);
            for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
            {
                //通知接收连接线程接收新连接
                if (ev[i].data.fd == pReatcor->m_listenfd)
                    pReatcor->m_acceptcond.notify_one();
                //通知普通工作线程接收数据
                else
                {
                    {
                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> guard(pReatcor->m_workermutex);
                        pReatcor->m_listClients.push_back(ev[i].data.fd);
                    }
                                    
                    pReatcor->m_workercond.notify_one();
                    //std::cout << "signal" << std::endl;
                }// end if
    
            }// end for-loop
        }// end while
    
        std::cout << "main loop exit ..." << std::endl;
    
        return NULL;
    }
    
    void CMyReactor::accept_thread_proc(CMyReactor* pReatcor)
    {
        std::cout << "accept thread, thread id = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << std::endl;
    
        while (true)
        {
            int newfd;
            struct sockaddr_in clientaddr;
            socklen_t addrlen;
            {
                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> guard(pReatcor->m_acceptmutex);
                pReatcor->m_acceptcond.wait(guard);
                if (pReatcor->m_bStop)
                    break;
    
                //std::cout << "run loop in accept_thread_proc" << std::endl;
                
                newfd = ::accept(pReatcor->m_listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&clientaddr, &addrlen);
            }
            if (newfd == -1)
                continue;
    
            std::cout << "new client connected: " << ::inet_ntoa(clientaddr.sin_addr) << ":" << ::ntohs(clientaddr.sin_port) << std::endl;
    
            //将新socket设置为non-blocking
            int oldflag = ::fcntl(newfd, F_GETFL, 0);
            int newflag = oldflag | O_NONBLOCK;
            if (::fcntl(newfd, F_SETFL, newflag) == -1)
            {
                std::cout << "fcntl error, oldflag =" << oldflag << ", newflag = " << newflag << std::endl;
                continue;
            }
    
            struct epoll_event e;
            memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
            e.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDHUP | EPOLLET;
            e.data.fd = newfd;
            if (::epoll_ctl(pReatcor->m_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, newfd, &e) == -1)
            {
                std::cout << "epoll_ctl error, fd =" << newfd << std::endl;
            }
        }
    
        std::cout << "accept thread exit ..." << std::endl;
    }
    
    void CMyReactor::worker_thread_proc(CMyReactor* pReatcor)
    {
        std::cout << "new worker thread, thread id = " << std::this_thread::get_id() << std::endl;
    
        while (true)
        {
            int clientfd;
            {
                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> guard(pReatcor->m_workermutex);
                while (pReatcor->m_listClients.empty())
                {
                    if (pReatcor->m_bStop)
                    {
                        std::cout << "worker thread exit ..." << std::endl;
                        return;
                    }
                        
                    pReatcor->m_workercond.wait(guard);
                }
                    
                clientfd = pReatcor->m_listClients.front();
                pReatcor->m_listClients.pop_front();
            }
    
            //gdb调试时不能实时刷新标准输出,用这个函数刷新标准输出,使信息在屏幕上实时显示出来
            std::cout << std::endl;
    
            std::string strclientmsg;
            char buff[256];
            bool bError = false;
            while (true)
            {
                memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
                int nRecv = ::recv(clientfd, buff, 256, 0);
                if (nRecv == -1)
                {
                    if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK)
                        break;
                    else
                    {
                        std::cout << "recv error, client disconnected, fd = " << clientfd << std::endl;
                        pReatcor->close_client(clientfd);
                        bError = true;
                        break;
                    }
    
                }
                //对端关闭了socket,这端也关闭。
                else if (nRecv == 0)
                {
                    std::cout << "peer closed, client disconnected, fd = " << clientfd << std::endl;
                    pReatcor->close_client(clientfd);
                    bError = true;
                    break;
                }
    
                strclientmsg += buff;
            }
    
            //出错了,就不要再继续往下执行了
            if (bError)
                continue;
    
            std::cout << "client msg: " << strclientmsg;
    
            //将消息加上时间标签后发回
            time_t now = time(NULL);
            struct tm* nowstr = localtime(&now);
            std::ostringstream ostimestr;
            ostimestr << "[" << nowstr->tm_year + 1900 << "-"
                << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_mon + 1 << "-"
                << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_mday << " "
                << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_hour << ":"
                << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_min << ":"
                << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << nowstr->tm_sec << "]server reply: ";
    
            strclientmsg.insert(0, ostimestr.str());
    
            while (true)
            {
                int nSent = ::send(clientfd, strclientmsg.c_str(), strclientmsg.length(), 0);
                if (nSent == -1)
                {
                    if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK)
                    {
                        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        std::cout << "send error, fd = " << clientfd << std::endl;
                        pReatcor->close_client(clientfd);
                        break;
                    }
    
                }
    
                std::cout << "send: " << strclientmsg;
                strclientmsg.erase(0, nSent);
    
                if (strclientmsg.empty())
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    
    bool CMyReactor::create_server_listener(const char* ip, short port)
    {
        m_listenfd = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
        if (m_listenfd == -1)
            return false;
    
        int on = 1;
        ::setsockopt(m_listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
        ::setsockopt(m_listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
    
        struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
        memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
        servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
        servaddr.sin_port = htons(port);
        if (::bind(m_listenfd, (sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1)
            return false;
    
        if (::listen(m_listenfd, 50) == -1)
            return false;
    
        m_epollfd = ::epoll_create(1);
        if (m_epollfd == -1)
            return false;
    
        struct epoll_event e;
        memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
        e.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDHUP;
        e.data.fd = m_listenfd;
        if (::epoll_ctl(m_epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m_listenfd, &e) == -1)
            return false;
    
        return true;
    }

    main.cpp文件内容:

    /** 
     *@desc:   用reactor模式练习服务器程序
     *@author: zhangyl
     *@date:   2016.12.03
     */
    
    #include <iostream>
    #include <signal.h>     //for signal()
    #include<unistd.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>        //for exit()
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include "myreactor.h"
    
    CMyReactor g_reator;
    
    void prog_exit(int signo)
    {
        std::cout << "program recv signal " << signo << " to exit." << std::endl; 
    
        g_reator.uninit();
    }
    
    void daemon_run()
    {
        int pid;
        signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
        //1)在父进程中,fork返回新创建子进程的进程ID;
        //2)在子进程中,fork返回0;
        //3)如果出现错误,fork返回一个负值;
        pid = fork();
        if (pid < 0)
        {
            std:: cout << "fork error" << std::endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
        //父进程退出,子进程独立运行
        else if (pid > 0) {
            exit(0);
        }
        //之前parent和child运行在同一个session里,parent是会话(session)的领头进程,
        //parent进程作为会话的领头进程,如果exit结束执行的话,那么子进程会成为孤儿进程,并被init收养。
        //执行setsid()之后,child将重新获得一个新的会话(session)id。
        //这时parent退出之后,将不会影响到child了。
        setsid();
        int fd;
        fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0);
        if (fd != -1)
        {
            dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
            dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
            dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
        }
        if (fd > 2)
            close(fd);
    }
    
    
    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {  
        //设置信号处理
        signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
        signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
        signal(SIGINT, prog_exit);
        signal(SIGKILL, prog_exit);
        signal(SIGTERM, prog_exit);
        
        short port = 0;
        int ch;
        bool bdaemon = false;
        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "p:d")) != -1)
        {
            switch (ch)
            {
            case 'd':
                bdaemon = true;
                break;
            case 'p':
                port = atol(optarg);
                break;
            }
        }
    
        if (bdaemon)
            daemon_run();
    
    
        if (port == 0)
            port = 12345;
    
        
        if (!g_reator.init("0.0.0.0", 12345))
            return -1;
        
        g_reator.main_loop(&g_reator);
    
        return 0;
    }
    

    完整实例代码下载地址:

    普通版本:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1o82Mkno

    C++11版本:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dEJdrih

    您可以接着阅读下一篇:《一个服务器程序的架构介绍》。

    欢迎关注公众号『easyserverdev』。如果有任何技术或者职业方面的问题需要我提供帮助,可通过这个公众号与我取得联系,此公众号不仅分享高性能服务器开发经验和故事,同时也免费为广大技术朋友提供技术答疑和职业解惑,您有任何问题都可以在微信公众号直接留言,我会尽快回复您。

    图片描述

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/twodog/p/12136848.html
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