拉钩4.2-unittest测试框架

1、单元测试的用例设计方法

语句覆盖

条件覆盖

判断覆盖

路径覆盖

2、unittest

https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html

1）执行unittest的3种方式：最好直接使用python run.py -v等方式执行，因为IDE有bug，会有历史执行结果

2）实例

# 导入inittest模块
import unittest

# 类名称要Test开头，且继承unittest.TestCase
class TestStringMethods(unittest.TestCase):
    # 在每个测试用例的前后调用setUp、tearDown，默认返回值为None
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        print('setup----如数据库连接，登录等操作')
    def tearDown(self) -> None:
        print('teardown----数据库断连，登出等操作')

    # 在每个类的前后调用setUpClass、tearDownClass
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        print('setUpClass')
    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        print('tearDownClass')

    # 方法名称要test_开头
    def test_upper(self):
        self.assertEqual('foo'.upper(), 'FOO')
        print('用例执行test_upper')

    def test_isupper(self):
        self.assertTrue('FOO'.isupper())
        self.assertFalse('Foo'.isupper())
        print('用例执行test_isupper')

    def test_split(self):
        s = 'hello world'
        self.assertEqual(s.split(), ['hello', 'world'])
        # check that s.split fails when the separator is not a string
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            s.split(2)
        print('用例执行test_split')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

import unittest


# 被测试方法
class Search():
    def search_fuc(self):
        print('被测试方法search_fuc')
        return True

# 测试类1
class TestSearch(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        print('setup class')
        # 实例化Search类，定义类变量则需要用cls
        cls.search = Search()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        print('teardown class')


    def test_search1(self):
        assert True == self.search.search_fuc()
        print('test_search1')

    def test_search2(self):
        assert True == self.search.search_fuc()

        self.assertEqual(1,1,'断言1==1')
        self.assertNotEqual(1,1,'断言1!=1')
        self.assertTrue(1==1,'断言1==1表达式结果是True')
        self.assertFalse(1==1,'断言1==1表达式结果是False')
        print('test_search2')

    def test_equal(self):
        self.assertEqual(1,1,'断言1==1')
    def test_noptequal(self):
        self.assertNotEqual(1,1,'断言1!=1')
    def test_true(self):
        self.assertTrue(1==1,'断言1==1表达式结果是True')
    def test_false(self):
        self.assertFalse(1==1,'断言1==1表达式结果是False')
# 测试类2
class TestSearch2(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        print('setup class222222222222')
        # 实例化Search类，定义类变量则需要用cls
        cls.search = Search()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        print('teardown class2222222222')


    def test_search11111(self):
        assert True == self.search.search_fuc()
        print('test_search11111')

    @unittest.skip('这次不想执行这条用例')
    def test_search22222(self):
        assert True == self.search.search_fuc()
        print('test_search22222')

class TestSearch3(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        print('setup class3333333333333333')
        # 实例化Search类，定义类变量则需要用cls
        cls.search = Search()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        print('teardown class333333333333')


    def test_search33333(self):
        assert True == self.search.search_fuc()
        print('test_search33333')

    @unittest.skip('这次不想执行这条用例')
    def test_search44444(self):
        assert True == self.search.search_fuc()
        print('test_search44444')

# if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 方法一：运行当前模块所有以test_开头的测试用例
    # unittest.main()

    # 方法二：执行指定的测试用例，创建一个测试套件，将某几条测试用例加入到测试套件中，批量执行
    # suite = unittest.TestSuite()
    # suite.addTest(TestSearch('test_search1'))
    # suite.addTest(TestSearch('test_search2'))
    # unittest.TextTestRunner().run(suite)


    # 方法三：执行指定的测试类
    # suite1 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestSearch2)
    # suite2 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestSearch3)
    # suite = unittest.TestSuite([suite1,suite2])
    # unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)

    # # 方法三：运行某个目录下所有匹配pattarn的测试文件，测试用例都放到 testcase目录，外层放一个 run.py文件，内容如下
    # import unittest
    #
    # if __name__ == '__main__':
    #     testdir = './testcases'
    #     discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(testdir, pattern='test_*.py')
    #     unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(discover)

3、生成测试报告

https://github.com/huilansame/HTMLTestRunner_PY3

以下是util执行用例并形成报告的写法实例

import unittest
import util.HTMLTestRunner_PY3

if __name__ == '__main__':
    testdir = './testcases'
    discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(testdir, pattern ='test_*.py')
    # unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(discover)


    report_title = 'Example用例执行报告'
    desc = '用于展示修改样式后的HTMLTestRunner'
    report_file = 'utilReport.html'

    with open(report_file, 'wb') as report:
        runner = util.HTMLTestRunner_PY3.HTMLTestRunner(stream=report, title=report_title, description=desc)
        runner.run(discover)

注意，这里还是要使用python run.py来执行

报告内容如下