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  • Docker搭建MySQL主从复制

    Docker搭建MySQL主从复制

    1. 主从服务器上分别安装Docker

      1.1 Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10

      [root@localhost ~]# uname -r
      3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
      

      1.2 确保 yum 包更新到最新。

      [root@localhost ~]# sudo yum update
      Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
      Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
       * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
       * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
       * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
      base                                                                                                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
      docker-ce-stable                                                                                                                                 | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
      extras                                                                                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
      updates                                                                                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
      

      1.3 安装需要的软件包, yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能,另外两个是devicemapper驱动依赖的

      [root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
      Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
      Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
       * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
       * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
       * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
      Package yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch already installed and latest version
      Package device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-1.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
      Package 7:lvm2-2.02.185-2.el7_7.2.x86_64 already installed and latest version
      Nothing to do
      

      1.4 设置yum源

      [root@localhost ~]# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
      Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
      adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
      grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
      repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
      

      1.5 安装docker

      [root@localhost ~]#  sudo yum install docker-ce
      Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
      Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
       * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
       * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
       * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
      Package 3:docker-ce-19.03.8-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
      Nothing to do
      

      1.6 启动docker并设置docker自动启动

      [root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl start docker
      [root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl enable docker
      

      1.7 检测docker是否安装成功

      [root@localhost ~]# docker version
      Client: Docker Engine - Community
       Version:           19.03.8
       API version:       1.40
       Go version:        go1.12.17
       Git commit:        afacb8b
       Built:             Wed Mar 11 01:27:04 2020
       OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
       Experimental:      false
      
      Server: Docker Engine - Community
       Engine:
        Version:          19.03.8
        API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
        Go version:       go1.12.17
        Git commit:       afacb8b
        Built:            Wed Mar 11 01:25:42 2020
        OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
        Experimental:     false
       containerd:
        Version:          1.2.13
        GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
       runc:
        Version:          1.0.0-rc10
        GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
       docker-init:
        Version:          0.18.0
        GitCommit:        fec3683
      
      
    2. docker更换国内阿里仓库,并下载安装MySQL

      2.1 docker更换国内阿里仓库

      sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
      sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
      {
        "registry-mirrors": ["https://rdwyjupq.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
      }
      EOF
      sudo systemctl daemon-reload
      sudo systemctl restart docker
      

      2.2 安装MySQL

      ​ 2.2.1 下载MySQL

      [root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql
      Using default tag: latest
      latest: Pulling from library/mysql
      c499e6d256d6: Pull complete 
      22c4cdf4ea75: Pull complete 
      6ff5091a5a30: Pull complete 
      2fd3d1af9403: Pull complete 
      0d9d26127d1d: Pull complete 
      54a67d4e7579: Pull complete 
      fe989230d866: Pull complete 
      3a808704d40c: Pull complete 
      826517d07519: Pull complete 
      69cd125db928: Pull complete 
      b5c43b8c2879: Pull complete 
      1811572b5ea5: Pull complete 
      Digest: sha256:b69d0b62d02ee1eba8c7aeb32eba1bb678b6cfa4ccfb211a5d7931c7755dc4a8
      Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
      docker.io/library/mysql:latest
      

      ​ 2.2.2 查看MySQL镜像

      [root@localhost ~]# docker images
      REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
      mysql               latest              9228ee8bac7a        4 days ago          547MB
      

      ​ 2.2.3 创建MySQL的挂载文件目录(日志、数据、配置)

      [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /root/mysql/data /root/mysql/logs /root/mysql/conf
      

      ​ 2.2.4 先启动容器(为了复制配置文件)(这种做法显得多余,但是Docker不是很精通的我没想到更好的办法,请各位大神指导)

      [root@localhost conf]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123456" mysql
      05d161e69f3b2e3e4ebaa50f822934599a31e7ade330e1440a68aec9e404f7ae
      

      ​ 2.2.5 复制配置文件

      [root@localhost conf]# docker cp mysql:/etc/mysql/my.cnf /root/mysql/conf/
      

      ​ 2.2.6 停止并删容器

      [root@localhost conf]# docker stop mysql
      mysql
      [root@localhost conf]# docker rm mysql
      mysql
      

      ​ 2.2.7 重新启动容器(加上挂载)

      [root@localhost conf]# docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --mount type=bind,src=/root/mysql/conf/my.cnf,dst=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --mount ty
      pe=bind,src=/root/mysql/data,dst=/var/lib/mysql --mount type=bind,src=/root/mysql/logs,dst=/logs --restart=on-failure:3 -d mysql64824c7e84ceb3513b65a375c55f2c53bc653f95b119008296122b13ff632ba1
      

      ​ 2.2.8 进入MySQL查询现有字符集,结果都是utf8mb4

      show variables like '%char%';
      

      ​ 2.2.9 在挂载的配置文件更改字符集

      character-set-server=utf8
      
      default-character-set=utf8
      
      default-character-set=utf8
      

      ​ 2.2.10 重启docker容器,并查看字符集已经更改,证明挂载的配置文件有效

    file

    1. 搭建主从复制数据库

      3.1 配置主Master库

      ​ 3.1.1 进入主库挂载配置文件my.cnf,加入以下配置并重启docker容器

      [mysqld]
      ## 同一局域网内注意要唯一
      server-id=100  
      ## 开启二进制日志功能,可以随便取(关键)
      log-bin=mysql-bin
      

      ​ 3.1.2 在主Master库执行语句

      CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
      GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
      

      ​ 为防止后面出现报错[Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded],执行下面语句

      ALTER USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;   #修改加密规则 
      ALTER USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';   #更新一下用户的密码 
      FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
      alter user 'slave'@'%' identified by '123456';
      

      最后执行语句获取File, Position

      show master status;
      

      3.2 配置从Slave库

      ​ 3.2.1 进入从库挂载配置文件my.cnf,加入以下配置并重启docker容器

      [mysqld]
      ## 设置server_id,注意要唯一
      server-id=101  
      ## 开启二进制日志功能,以备Slave作为其它Slave的Master时使用
      log-bin=mysql-slave-bin   
      ## relay_log配置中继日志
      relay_log=edu-mysql-relay-bin  
      

      ​ 3.2.2 链接主从库,在从库执行语句

      change master to master_host='192.168.47.128', master_user='slave', master_password='123456', master_port=3306, master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos= 5938, master_connect_retry=30;
      

      master_host :Master的地址

      master_port:Master的端口号,指的是容器的端口号

      master_user:用于数据同步的用户

      master_password:用于同步的用户的密码

      master_log_file:指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据,即上文中提到的 File 字段的值

      master_log_pos:从哪个 Position 开始读,即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值

      master_connect_retry:如果连接失败,重试的时间间隔,单位是秒,默认是60秒

      ​ 3.2.3 查看主从同步状态

      show slave status ;
      

    file

    ​ 正常情况下,SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 都是No,因为我们还没有开启主从复制过程。

      3.2.4 开启主从复制
    
    start slave;
    

    重新查看主从同步状态, 这时SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 都是Yes,如果你的SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 其中一个是Connecting或者No,就证明配置有错,查看Last_IO_Error报错的详细信息

    通过下面命令,删除已经配置的主从链接信息,重新进行配置

    stop slave;
    reset master;
    
    	 3.2.5 测试主从复制,最简单的方式是在主库建立个新库,这时,从库会自动同步
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/undefined22/p/12635237.html
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