基于 Docker 搭建 MySQL 主从复制

基于 Docker 搭建 MySQL 主从复制 —— 可扩展为一主多从

首先，从仓库拉取 MySQL 镜像

docker pull mysql:5.7

然后，建立如下目录文件结构

主库配置文件 —— master.cnf

[mysqld]
# 主从同步设置 - master
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db=mysql　　#忽略的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=information-schema

# 系统数据库编码设置，排序规则
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_bin
back_log = 1024
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ON
sql_mode='ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
lower_case_table_names=0

# 默认使用InnoDB存储引擎
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

# 时区设置
default-time_zone = '+8:00'

从库1配置文件 —— slave1.cnf

[mysqld]
# 主从同步设置 - slave1
server-id = 2
log-bin=mysql-bin
replicate_ignore_db=mysql       #被忽略的数据库
replicate-ignore-db=information-schema
slave-skip-errors=all           #跳过所有错误

#系统数据库编码设置，排序规则
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_bin
back_log = 1024
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ON
sql_mode='ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
lower_case_table_names=0

#默认使用InnoDB存储引擎
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

# 时区设置
default-time_zone = '+8:00'

创建容器

注意映射到宿主机的端口不能重复！！！

主库容器

docker run -d --privileged=true 
--restart=always 
--name=mysql5.7-master 
-p 3306:3306 
-v /home/usr/mysql5.7/master/data/:/var/lib/mysql 
-v /home/usr/mysql5.7/master/conf/master.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.cnf 
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:5.7

从库1容器

docker run -d --privileged=true 
--restart=always 
--name=mysql5.7-slave1 
-p 3307:3306 
-v /home/usr/mysql5.7/slave1/data/:/var/lib/mysql 
-v /home/usr/mysql5.7/slave1/conf/slave1.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.cnf 
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:5.7

接下来，就是配置主从复制了

查看主库状态

show master status;

在 从库1 上操作

stop slave;
change master to master_host='172.17.0.4',   # 主库 ip 可以在 docker 上查到
master_user='root',　　　　　　                # 注意用户名
master_password='123456',　　　　             # 注意密码
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',          # 与主库状态保持一致
master_log_pos=120;
start slave;

查看从库状态

show slave statusG;

*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.17.0.4
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: b8c4b95d9264-relay-bin.000007
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,information-schema
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
              Relay_Log_Space: 534
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 33b4e34d-eb05-11e9-bd1e-0242ac110004
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

通过主库查看从库状态

show slave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID                           |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|         2 |      | 3306 |         1 | 39dcf2c4-eb05-11e9-b0cd-0242ac110005 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+